Landscapes and Societies: Selected CasesI. Peter Martini, Ward Chesworth Springer Science & Business Media, 9 nov. 2010 - 478 pages This book contains case histories intended to show how societies and landscapes interact. The range of interest stretches from the small groups of the earliest Neolithic, through Bronze and Iron Age civilizations, to modern nation states. The coexistence is, of its very nature reciprocal, resulting in changes in both society and landscape. In some instances the adaptations may be judged successful in terms of human needs, but failure is common and even the successful cases are ephemeral when judged in the light of history. Audience: The book will interest geomorphologists, geologists, geographers, archaeologists, anthropologists, ecologists, environmentalists, historians and others in the academic world. Practically, planners and managers interested in landscape/environmental conditions will find interest in these pages, and more generally the increasingly large body of opinion in the general public, with concerns about Planet Earth, will find much to inform their opinions. Extra material: The color plate section is available at http://extras.springer.com |
Table des matières
145 Conclusion | 230 |
References | 231 |
Landscape Evolution and Hazard Responses in the Preindustrial Era | 234 |
151 The Ugly Picture in the Frame of Gold | 236 |
152 The Uniqueness of the Etna Region | 239 |
Landscape and Hazard Response Today | 250 |
References | 251 |
Part IVThe Mediterranean and European WorldCoolTemperate European Lands | 253 |
xxviii | |
xxix | |
xxxi | |
Anthropic Change in the Landscape | xxxvi |
The Human Ecological Footprint on the Land | xl |
34 Conclusions | xliii |
References | xliv |
Part IIThe Mediterranean and European WorldArid Mediterranean Lands | ii |
Learning from the Past and Planning for the Future | 44 |
42 Linked Climatic and Environmental Change in the Middle Holocene | 46 |
43 Human Responses to Climatic and Environmental Change in the Middle Holocene | 52 |
Recurring Responses to RCC and Climatic Desiccation | 60 |
45 Lessons from the 6th Millennium BP for the TwentyFirst Century | 62 |
46 Conclusions | 63 |
References | 64 |
Holocene Climate Change and Cultural Response in the Central Sahara | 68 |
53 Geological and Geomorphologic Background | 69 |
Landscapes and Strategies | 71 |
55 Drought at 5000 Years BP | 82 |
56 Conclusions | 87 |
References | 88 |
The Desertification of the Egyptian Sahara during the Holocene the Last 10000 years and its influence on the Rise of Egyptian civilization | 91 |
62 The Present Situation | 93 |
63 Climatic Change | 95 |
64 Societal Changes | 96 |
65 Integration of Climatic and Societal Changes | 104 |
66 Conclusions | 106 |
Paleoenvironments and Prehistory in the Holocene of SE Arabia | 109 |
73 Environmental and Societal Changes | 113 |
74 Conclusions | 117 |
References | 118 |
Human Paleoecology in the Ancient MetalSmelting and Farming Complex in the Wadi Faynan SW Jordan at the Desert Margin in the Middle East | 121 |
83 The Farmscape | 123 |
84 MetalExtraction Sites | 126 |
86 Discussion | 127 |
87 Conclusions | 132 |
References | 133 |
Empire and Environment in the Northern Fertile Crescent | 135 |
Settlement Dispersal and Soil Erosion | 137 |
The Extension of Settlement into Climatically Marginal Areas | 143 |
Water Supply and the Spread of Irrigation Technologies | 145 |
95 Discussion | 147 |
References | 149 |
Part IIIThe Mediterranean and European WorldWarmTemperate Mediterranean Lands | 152 |
The Interplay between Environment and People from Neolithic to Classical Times in Greece and Albania | 153 |
103 The Coming of Agriculture and its Impact | 156 |
104 Changes over the Last Millennium | 158 |
105 Conclusion | 163 |
Their Settlements Economic Activities and Use of the Land Sardinia Italy | 165 |
113 The Nuragic Civilisation | 166 |
114 Distribution of the Different Types of Settlements in the Various Landscapes | 178 |
115 Case Studies | 180 |
116 Discussion | 182 |
117 Conclusions | 183 |
References | 184 |
Adaptation of EtruscanRoman Communities to Hydrogeological Hazards in the Arno River Catchment Tuscany Central Italy | 185 |
122 Regional Setting | 186 |
123 Methods | 187 |
125 Community Adaptability | 197 |
References | 198 |
Landscape Influences on the Development of the MedievalEarly Renaissance Citystates of Pisa Florence and Siena Italy | 200 |
132 The Overall Human Dimension | 203 |
Pisa Florence Siena | 204 |
134 Synthesis | 218 |
References | 220 |
A Geoarchaeological Approach | 222 |
142 Rapid SeaLevel Rise and Paleohazards | 226 |
143 Hypersedimentation and Coastal Deformation | 227 |
144 Human Impacts | 229 |
Romanian Carpathian Landscapes and Cultures | 254 |
162 From Populated Lower Lands to the Conquest of the Mountains | 255 |
163 Short History of Romanian Carpathian Civilization | 259 |
164 Civilizations and Modifications to the Carpathian Landscapes | 263 |
165 Conclusions | 265 |
References | 266 |
Adaptive Strategies Based on Geomorphologic Principles Give Sustainable Solutions | 267 |
172 The Problems | 269 |
173 The Answers | 270 |
174 The Future | 278 |
References | 279 |
Perception of Volcanic Eruptions in Iceland | 280 |
182 Volcanism in Historical Time | 281 |
183 Imprint of Volcanism on Culture and Landscape | 283 |
184 Discussion | 287 |
185 Conclusions | 289 |
References | 290 |
Part VSouth and East Asia | 292 |
Holocene Environmental Changes and the Evolution of the Neolithic Cultures in China | 293 |
193 Relationship between Regional Environmental Changes and Evolution of the Neolithic Cultures in the Eastern and Central Parts of China | 294 |
194 Summary | 316 |
References | 317 |
Landscape and Subsistence in Japanese History | 320 |
202 Historical Context of Landscape Exploitation | 321 |
203 Prehistoric Hunting and Gathering | 324 |
204 Identity of the Agriculturalists | 326 |
205 Plains Development and Paddy Field Landscapes | 327 |
206 DryField Cultivation | 331 |
207 Agriculture Past Present and Future | 333 |
208 Conclusions | 336 |
References | 338 |
Evolution of Hydraulic Societies in the Ancient Anuradhapura Kingdom of Sri Lanka | 340 |
212 Natural Setting | 341 |
213 Historical Synopsis | 344 |
214 The Water Resource | 346 |
216 Discussion | 349 |
217 Conclusions | 350 |
Reference | 351 |
The Case of the Austronesian Expansion in the Pacific | 352 |
222 Malaria in the Western Pacific Islands | 354 |
223 Glucose6Phosphate Dehydrogenase G6PD Deficiency | 359 |
224 Conclusions | 360 |
225 Future Research | 362 |
Part VICentral and North America | 366 |
Spatial and Temporal Perspectives on Ancient Maya Landscapes | 368 |
233 Preclassic Landscapes | 372 |
234 Early Classic | 375 |
235 Late Classic | 378 |
236 Terminal Classic | 382 |
237 The Postclassic and Beyond | 384 |
238 Discussion | 385 |
References | 386 |
Analysis of Water Use in the Western Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of Colorado USA | 389 |
242 The Water Rush | 391 |
Physical and Ecological Changes in Rivers | 393 |
244 The Contemporary Situation in the Drylands of Colorado | 397 |
245 The Future | 400 |
246 Conclusions | 402 |
Frozen Coasts and the Development of Inuit Culture in the North American Arctic | 405 |
253 Archaeological Sequence | 409 |
254 Cultures and the Landscape | 410 |
255 Landscape and Ideology | 416 |
257 Conclusion | 418 |
References | 422 |
Glossary | 423 |
441 | |
467 | |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Landscapes and Societies: Selected Cases I. Peter Martini,Ward Chesworth Aucun aperçu disponible - 2011 |
Landscapes and Societies: Selected Cases I. Peter Martini,Ward Chesworth Aucun aperçu disponible - 2010 |
Landscapes and Societies: Selected Cases I. Peter Martini,Ward Chesworth Aucun aperçu disponible - 2014 |