Primes of the Form x2 + ny2: Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex MultiplicationJohn Wiley & Sons, 24 oct. 2011 - 368 pages Modern number theory began with the work of Euler and Gauss to understand and extend the many unsolved questions left behind by Fermat. In the course of their investigations, they uncovered new phenomena in need of explanation, which over time led to the discovery of field theory and its intimate connection with complex multiplication. While most texts concentrate on only the elementary or advanced aspects of this story, Primes of the Form x2 + ny2 begins with Fermat and explains how his work ultimately gave birth to quadratic reciprocity and the genus theory of quadratic forms. Further, the book shows how the results of Euler and Gauss can be fully understood only in the context of class field theory. Finally, in order to bring class field theory down to earth, the book explores some of the magnificent formulas of complex multiplication. The central theme of the book is the story of which primes p can be expressed in the form x2 + ny2. An incomplete answer is given using quadratic forms. A better though abstract answer comes from class field theory, and finally, a concrete answer is provided by complex multiplication. Along the way, the reader is introduced to some wonderful number theory. Numerous exercises and examples are included. The book is written to be enjoyed by readers with modest mathematical backgrounds. Chapter 1 uses basic number theory and abstract algebra, while chapters 2 and 3 require Galois theory and complex analysis, respectively. |
Table des matières
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
CHAPTER ONE FROM FERMAT TO GAUSS | 7 |
CHAPTER TWO CLASS FIELD THEORY | 97 |
CHAPTER THREE COMPLEX MULTIPLICATION | 199 |
| 335 | |
| 343 | |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Primes of the Form X2 + Ny2: Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex ... David A. Cox Affichage d'extraits - 1989 |
Primes of the Form X2 + Ny2: Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex ... David A. Cox Affichage d'extraits - 1989 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
Abelian extension algebraic argument Artin assume basic Chapter class group class number coefficients completely complex multiplication composition compute conductor congruence conjectures consider containing Corollary cubic defined definite determine discussion dividing easily easy element elliptic curves equals equation equivalent Euler example Exercise fact factor Fermat’s field finite follows forms of discriminant formula fractional function Gal(L/K Galois Gauss give given hence Hilbert class field Hint homomorphism idea ideal imaginary quadratic field implies integer isomorphism lattice Legendre Lemma means modulo norm Note points polynomial prime primitive principal proof proper properties Proposition prove quadratic forms quadratic reciprocity reciprocity reduced forms relation relatively prime represented residues result ring class field root satisfies solution splits completely square step subgroup suppose symbol Theorem theory unique write written