An Introduction to the Design and Behavior of Bolted Joints, Third Edition, Revised and ExpandedOffering a broad-based review of the factors affecting the design, assembly and behaviour of bolted joints and their components in all industries, this work details various assembly options as well as specific failure modes and strategies for their avoidance. This edition features material on: the contact stresses between bolt head or nut face and the joint; thread forms, series and classes; the stiffness of raised face flange joints; and more. |
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Table des matières
| 3 | |
| 14 | |
| 15 | |
| 49 | |
Materials 60 | 80 |
Stiffness and Strain Considerations | 138 |
ESTABLISHING THE CLAMPING FORCE | 173 |
Introduction to Assembly | 175 |
Testing for Vibration Resistance | 540 |
To Resist Vibration | 543 |
References | 562 |
Fatigue Failure | 565 |
What Determines Fatigue Life? | 569 |
Other Types of Diagram | 573 |
The Influence of Preload and Joint Stiffness | 580 |
Minimizing Fatigue Problems | 588 |
Initial vs Residual Preload | 176 |
Bolt Preload vs Clamping Force on the Joint | 182 |
Continuing the Snugging Pass | 189 |
ShortTerm Relaxation of Individual Bolts | 190 |
Elastic Interactions Between Bolts | 200 |
The Assembly Process Reviewed | 208 |
Optimizing Assembly Results | 210 |
References | 211 |
Torque Control ol Bolt Preload | 213 |
Torque vs PreloadThe LongForm Equation | 217 |
Things Which Affect the TorquePreload Relationship | 221 |
Torque vs PreloadThe Short Form Equation | 226 |
Torque Control in Practice | 233 |
Tools for Torque Control | 245 |
Fasteners Which Limit the Applied Torque | 258 |
Is Torque Control No Good? | 261 |
Breakaway Torque | 262 |
The Influence of Torque Control on Joint Design | 264 |
References | 267 |
Torque and Turn Control | 269 |
Turn vs Preload | 272 |
Friction Effects | 276 |
Torque and Turn in Theory | 277 |
TurnofNut Control | 281 |
Control of Production Problems | 287 |
ComputerControlled Systems | 292 |
Monitoring the Results | 301 |
TorqueTurn Case Histories | 302 |
Problems Reduced by TorqueTurn Control | 308 |
Stretch Control | 312 |
Preload Control | 340 |
Ultrasonic Measurement of Bolt Stretch or Tension | 369 |
IMPORTANCE | 419 |
Dynamic Loads on Tensile Joints | 454 |
The Joint Under a Compressive Load | 456 |
References | 457 |
A Closer Look | 458 |
The Effect of Prying Action on Bolt Loads | 460 |
The Mathematics of Prying | 468 |
Other Nonlinear Factors | 477 |
Flange Rotation | 481 |
Thermal Effects | 483 |
Joint Equations Which Include the Effects | 496 |
Eccentricity and Differential Expansion | 497 |
References | 502 |
InService Behavior of a Shear Joint | 504 |
Factors Which Affect Clamping Force in Shear Joints | 510 |
Joints Loaded in Both Shear and Tension | 511 |
References | 513 |
Joint Failure | 514 |
Mechanical Failure of Bolts | 515 |
Loose Bolts | 516 |
Which Failure Modes Must We Worry About? | 517 |
The Importance of Correct Preload | 519 |
Load Intensifiers | 520 |
Failure of Joint Members | 522 |
Galling | 523 |
References | 526 |
SelfLoosening | 527 |
How Does a Nut SelfLoosen? | 528 |
Loosening Sequence | 532 |
Other Theories of SelfLoosening | 537 |
Predicting Fatigue Life or Endurance Limit | 595 |
The Fatigue of Shear Joint Members | 596 |
Case Histories | 598 |
References | 600 |
Corrosion | 602 |
The Corrosion Mechanism | 603 |
Hydrogen Km brittle men t | 609 |
Stress Corrosion Cracking | 615 |
Other Types of Stress Cracking | 632 |
Minimizing Corrosion Problems | 633 |
Fastener Coatings | 635 |
References | 647 |
Gasketed Joints and Leaks | 650 |
Why Does a Joint Leak? | 651 |
Mechanical Behavior of a Gasket | 652 |
Mechanical Behavior at Elevated Temperature | 668 |
Leakage Behavior of a Gasket | 674 |
Testing and Evaluating Gaskets | 690 |
Gasket Quality Factors | 694 |
Selecting a Gasket | 699 |
Selecting Assembly Stress for a Gasket | 703 |
Suggestions for the Field | 719 |
A Case History | 721 |
References | 726 |
USING THE INFORMATION | 731 |
Selecting Preload for an Existing Joint | 733 |
How Much Clamping Force Do We Want? | 734 |
Simple Ways to Select Assembly Preloads | 742 |
Estimating the InService Clamping Force | 747 |
Relating Desired to Anticipated Bolt Tension | 758 |
Which Variables to Include in the Analysis? | 761 |
The Bolting Technology Council | 763 |
A More Rigorous Procedure | 764 |
Design of Joints Loaded in Tension | 773 |
Typical Design Steps | 775 |
Joint Design in the Real World | 779 |
An Example | 789 |
Other Factors to Consider When Designing a Joint | 792 |
References | 795 |
Bibliography on Bolted Joint Design | 796 |
The Design of Gasketed Joints | 798 |
The VDI Procedure Applied to Gasketed Joints | 799 |
An Example Using the VDI Procedure | 802 |
ASME Code Flanged Joint Design Rules | 809 |
Example Using ASME Code Rules | 812 |
Example Using the Proposed PVRC Procedure | 817 |
Some Alternate Procedures | 828 |
References | 839 |
The Design of Joints Loaded in Shear | 840 |
The VDI Procedure Applied to Shear Joints | 842 |
How Shear Joints Resist Shear Loads | 845 |
The Strength of FrictionType Joints | 848 |
The Strength of BearingType Joints | 856 |
Eccentrically Loaded Shear Joints | 862 |
Allowable Stress vs Load and Resistance Factor Design | 869 |
References | 870 |
A Units and Symbol Log | 875 |
B Glossary of Fastener and Bolted Joints Terms | 899 |
G Basic Head Thread and Nut Lengths | 924 |
Index | 943 |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Introduction to the Design and Behavior of Bolted Joints, Fourth Edition ... John H. Bickford Affichage d'extraits - 2007 |
An introduction to the design and behavior of bolted joints John H. Bickford Affichage d'extraits - 1990 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
accuracy amount and/or applied asbestos ASME assembly preload assume ASTM average behavior bolt and joint bolt load bolt material bolt tension bolted joints calibration change in length Chap clamping force coatings Code coefficient compressed compute crack created creep curve define effects elastic interactions embedment Engineering equation estimate example external load failure fastener fatigue Figure flange friction gage gasket stress gasketed joint hole hydrogen embrittlement increase initial preload joint diagram joint members leak rate loss lubricant maximum measure metric minimum pitch Pressure Vessel problems procedure PVRC reduce relaxation residual preload scatter Screw Threads self-loosening shear joints shear strength shown in Fig slip standard stiffness ratio stress corrosion cracking stress levels stress relaxation stretch structural steel stud Table tensile load tensile strength tensile stress thermal tightened tion tool torque torque-turn transducer ultrasonic vibration washer wrench yield strength
Fréquemment cités
Page 50 - Engineers (SAE), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), etc.
Page 855 - ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. (a) The following sections of the "ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code," published by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY, 10017, are adopted subject to modifications specified in this subchapter, which appear with the listing: (1) Section I, Power Boilers (ASME, sec.
Page 220 - ... the Specifications for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 or A 490 Bolts,3 issued by the Research Council on Structural Connections of the Engineering Foundation. Types of bolts covered in this specification are: 1.1.1 Type 1 — Bolts made of medium-carbon steel.
Page 524 - Part of the reason for this may be the fact that the chemicals can be used on small as well as large fasteners.
Page 494 - ... may fail by wholly or partially overturning, or by sliding of one part on an adjoining part at the joint between them. Both sources of failure should be examined in the design. Sliding will occur when H = fw, in which H = the sum of the horizontal components of the forces acting above the joint, f is the coefficient of friction, and w is the weight of the portion above the joint. The following coefficients of friction (equal to tangent of the angle of repose) may be used in design calculations:...
Page 865 - ANSI — American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018...
Page 250 - Nut rotation is relative to bolt, regardless of the element (nut or bolt) being turned. For bolts installed by Vj turn and less, the tolerance should be plus or minus 30°; for bolts installed by % turn and more, the tolerance should be plus or minus 45°.
Page 233 - Investigations of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in bolting materials on light water reactors, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol.
Page 372 - This burst passes down through the bolt, echoes off the far end, and returns to the transducer. The electronic instrument...
Page 45 - Gaging systems for dimensional acceptability, inch and metric screw threads (UN, UNR, UNJ, M, and MJ...
Références à ce livre
Informations bibliographiques
| Titre | An Introduction to the Design and Behavior of Bolted Joints, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded Volume 97 de Mechanical Engineering |
| Auteur | John Bickford |
| Édition | 3, révisée |
| Éditeur | CRC Press, 1995 |
| ISBN | 0824792971, 9780824792978 |
| Longueur | 992 pages |
| Exporter la citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |