Bilingualism in a Multilingual Society: Psycho-social and Pedagogical Implications

ability academic achievement ambiguous analysis areas assimilation attitude balanced become better bilingual and monolingual bilingual education chapter characteristics characterized child cognitive communication compared competence complex concept consequences contact situations context cultural Cummins definition discussed distinction dominant earlier early education programmes effects English fact factors findings functional further grade hypothesis identity India individual instruction integration interaction involves Konds language contact language shift lead learning linguistic literacy maintenance majority meaning measures medium metalinguistic minority language mother tongue multilingual native nature observed orientation Oriya outcome pattern perceived performance person pointed positive possible problem processes proficiency programmes question regional relationship respectively result role sample scores second language seems sentences showing significant skills social social psychological society sociolinguistic speakers strategy structure studies subjects tasks tribal understanding varieties vitality