Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal ComputingStanford University Press, 2000 - 284 pages Bootstrapping analyzes the genesis of personal computing from both technological and social perspectives, through a close study of the pathbreaking work of one researcher, Douglas Engelbart. In his lab at the Stanford Research Institute in the 1960s, Engelbart, along with a small team of researchers, developed some of the cornerstones of personal computing as we know it, including the mouse, the windowed user interface, and hypertext. Today, all these technologies are well known, even taken for granted, but the assumptions and motivations behind their invention are not. Bootstrapping establishes Douglas Engelbart's contribution through a detailed history of both the material and the symbolic constitution of his system's human-computer interface in the context of the computer research community in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. Engelbart felt that the complexity of many of the world's problems was becoming overwhelming, and the time for solving these problems was becoming shorter and shorter. What was needed, he determined, was a system that would augment human intelligence, co-transforming or co-evolving both humans and the machines they use. He sought a systematic way to think and organize this coevolution in an effort to discover a path on which a radical technological improvement could lead to a radical improvement in how to make people work effectively. What was involved in Engelbart's project was not just the invention of a computerized system that would enable humans, acting together, to manage complexity, but the invention of a new kind of human, "the user." What he ultimately envisioned was a "bootstrapping" process by which those who actually invented the hardware and software of this new system would simultaneously reinvent the human in a new form. The book also offers a careful narrative of the collapse of Engelbart's laboratory at Stanford Research Institute, and the further translation of Engelbart's vision. It shows that Engelbart's ultimate goal of coevolution came to be translated in terms of technological progress and human adaptation to supposedly user-friendly technologies. At a time of the massive diffusion of the World Wide Web, Bootstrapping recalls the early experiments and original ideals that led to today's "information revolution." |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal ... Thierry Bardini Aucun aperçu disponible - 2000 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
Alan Kay Alto ARPA ARPANET Artificial Intelligence augmentation basic Bill English bootstrapping Butler Lampson buttons chord keyset Chuck Thacker coevolution concepts crusade cybernetics desktop display Douglas Engelbart early Engelbart 1996 engineering experience feedback goals graphical hand Human Intellect human-computer human-computer interaction hypertext ibid idea implementation individual innovations input device interaction IPTO Irby Jeff Rulifson Joint Computer Conference kind laboratory language Larry Tesler Licklider light pen machine manipulation means Memex metaphor mouse notion on-line operating organization original personal computer PODAC PODCOM problems Project GENIE puter QWERTY keyboard RAND real users realized representation Rulifson screen Sketchpad social staff Stanford structure symbols tablet telegraph teletype thing time-sharing tion touch typing typewriter user interface virtual user wanted Whorf Wiener Workstations Xerox PARC
Références à ce livre
Future Net: The Essential Guide to Internet and Technology Megatrends Jim Ensor Aucun aperçu disponible - 2003 |
International Handbook of Literacy and Technology: Volume two Michael C. McKenna Aucun aperçu disponible - 2006 |