Continuous Improvement: Quality Control Circles in Japanese Industry

analysis asked average become behavior building circles companies concept conferences corporate cost culture decision defined departments described developed discussed economic effect effort employees established evaluation example existence expected explain factors figure formal formal organization function give given human humanware ideas implementation important improvement included increased indicates industry introduced involved Japan Japanese QCCs Kanji labor leading major manufacturing means meetings ment methods middle managers motivation movement objectives operating organization organizational participation performance presented principles problems production push QCC activity QCC promotion Quality Control quality of activity quantity question relations reported role rules situation social standards started steel structure style suggestions survey Table task term themes tion Tokyo top management unions variables Western workers workshop