Continuous Improvement: Quality Control Circles in Japanese Industry

analysis basic behavior Burns and Stalker circle activities circle members Cole competitive correlation cost culture Deming Prize departments developed diffusion discussed effort employees environment evaluation factors formal organization goals hardware honne and tatemae humanware ideas implementation informal organization introduce QCC Ishikawa Japan Japanese companies Japanese management Japanese organizations Japanese QCCs jishusei joint consultation JUSE Kanji Kaoru Ishikawa Keihin survey Koryo labor line managers major manufacturing ment middle managers motivation operating organizational participation PDCA PDCA cycle performance principles problems process results production promotion style push QC Story QCC activity QCC conferences QCC headquarters QCC literature QCC members QCC movement QCC promotion organization quality circles quality control quality of activity quantity role social standards steel structure suggestions Table Tetra Pak theme selection tion Tokyo top management Total Quality Control unions variables Western workers workshop