Racial Differences in Preterm Delivery: Developing a New Research Paradigm

adult African African-American African-American women American anxiety approach assess associated behaviors biological black and white black community black women black/white differences blood pressure cancer clinical Cohort study coping responses depression developed disease disparities in infant Dohrenwend economic effects Epidemiol epidemiologic epidemiologic research ethnic experience exposure gender groups health outcomes Hispanics hypertension income individual inequalities infant mortality infant mortality rate instruments intervention interview Inventory investigators john Henryism Krieger lidity linked locus of control low birthweight maternal measures neonatal occupational political poor population poverty pregnancy outcome prenatal preterm delivery problem Psychol psychological psychosocial Public Health race Race/ethnicity racial/ethnic racism relationship risk factors role scale scientific self-efficacy Self-report sexism social class social network social support socioeconomic specific statistics status strategies stress stressors symptoms Table tion Tuskegee Syphilis Study U.S. Government Printing United University Press white women women-s health York