Singing: The Mechanism and the Technic

abdominal acoustical adjustment arytenoids attach bass Bernoulli Effect breath pressure called cavities chest voice compression consonants constrictor cricoarytenoid cricoid cricothyroid diaphragm diphthong epigastrium epiglottis esophagus exercise extrinsic false cords falsetto fibres formant forward frequency front fundamental Garcia glottal plosive glottis graph harmonic Helmholtz high partials hyoid bone imaginary h inhalation inharmonic instrument intensity larynx ligament lips loud lower mechanism middle mouth muscles muscular musculature mylohyoid nasal NATS Bulletin normal octave overtone pedagogy pharynx phonation pitch plosive posterior produced pronounce pronunciation pterygoid pull relaxed resonance ribs shoulders singer singing sinuses soft palate sonagram sonant song soprano straight tone string student sung swallowing syllable teacher teeth tenor tense tension theory throat thyroarytenoid thyroid cartilage timbre tongue trachea trill upper valve velum Vennard vertebrae vibration vocal cords vocal folds vocal processes vowel word X-rays