The Development of Computer Science: A Sociocultural PerspectiveMatti Tedre, 2006 - 486 pages |
Expressions et termes fréquents
abstract academic ALGOL algorithms argued argument aspects of computing assembly language automated Castells Chalmers Chapter claim complexity computational instruments computer sci computer science qua computer scientists computing technology concepts considered constructionist cultural debate Denning development of computing Dijkstra disciplinary discipline discussed Donald Knuth electronic computing ence ENIAC epistemological example exist facts falsificationism Feyerabend field of computing FORTRAN history of computing human instance Joensuu knowledge Knuth Kuhn Kuhn's Kuhnian Lakatos large number logic machine mathematics Mauchly meta-knowledge methodology methods models normal science normative normative account noted ontological paradigm phenomena philosophy of computer philosophy of science physical Popper practical problems processes programming languages puter science question refers scientific semantic social construction social studies society sociocultural sociology software engineering statement blocks statements stored-program structures studies of computer techniques technological determinism technological momentum term theoretical theory thesis tion topics Turing understanding viewpoints wrote
Fréquemment cités
Page 81 - Autobiography, sadly remarked that "a new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.
Page 86 - Just because it is a transition between incommensurables, the transition between competing paradigms cannot be made a step at a time, forced by logic and neutral experience.
Page 305 - A man, viewed as a behaving system, is quite simple. The apparent complexity of his behavior over time is largely a reflection of the complexity of the environment in which he finds himself.
Page 67 - On the one hand, it stands for the entire constellation of beliefs, values, techniques, and so on shared by the members of a given community.
Page 82 - Later scientific theories are better than earlier ones for solving puzzles in the often quite different environments to which they are applied. That is not a relativist's position, and it displays the sense in which I am a convinced believer in scientific progress.
Page 81 - The transfer of allegiance from paradigm to paradigm is a conversion experience that cannot be forced.
Page 66 - In this connection it is not irrelevant to note that of all forms of mental activity the most difficult to induce, even in the minds of the young who may be presumed not to have lost their flexibility, is the art of handling the same bundle of data as before, but placing them in a new system of relations with one another by giving them a different framework, all of which virtually means putting on a different kind of thinking-cap for the moment.
Page 81 - Lifelong resistance, particularly from those whose productive careers have committed them to an older tradition of normal science, is not a violation of scientific standards but an index to the nature of scientific research itself. The source of resistance is the assurance that the older paradigm will ultimately solve all its problems, that nature can be shoved into the box the paradigm provides.
Page 60 - Aufbau, is that our statements about the external world face the tribunal of sense experience not individually but only as a corporate body.
Page 80 - The decision to reject one paradigm is always simultaneously the decision to accept another, and the judgment leading to that decision involves the comparison of both paradigms with nature and with each other.