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II.

" tion of all Antichrists appeareth, &c. may piously, holily, " and truly to the glory of Christ, use garments, however Anno 1578. " like to those of Aaron, and the same in matter, shape, " and colour, with the papistical." And again; Antichristus non potest, &c. i. e. "Antichrist cannot, by any abuse of his

P. Martyr.

Bishop Ridley.

Bishop
Jewel.

A prayer at the end of

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party, so defile, either these garments, or any work of "God, that the godly, casting off all abuse thereof, may not "also use them to pious significations and admonitions; " and so serve to set forth the glory of God."]

He proceedeth then to shew the mind of Peter Martyr, the learned professor of the other university. Whose judgment, he saith, was often asked, "who did more than once " in his writings call them reliquias Amorrhæorum." And although he did in some case think that they might be borne with for a season, yet in our case he would not have them suffered to remain in the church of Christ.

Further; "That Dr. Ridley, when at his degrading, Dr. " Brokes persuaded him to put on the surplice, with the rest " of the massing garments, he utterly refused to do so, "saying, Truly if it came on me, (meaning the surplice,) " it shall be against my will. And when they were put on " him, he did vehemently inveigh against the bishop of "Rome, calling him Antichrist; and all that apparel "foolish and abominable. Hereby it appeared what esti"mation that worthy martyr had of the popish garments at "the time of his death: albeit in the days of king Edward " he did stoutly maintain them against bishop Hooper.

"Bishop Jewel, in his Reply to Harding, p. 442, hath "these words: Verily in the house of God, that thing is "hurtful that doth no good. All the ceremonies of the "church ought to be clear and lively, and able to edify. "But in case they want all these properties, as undoubtedly " they do, then by this man's judgment we may well reject

" them."

At the conclusion of this tract, there is a prayer comthis tract. posed for the occasion; wherein are these words: "Are

" not the relics of Romish idolatry stoutly retained? Are

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we not bereaved of some of our pastors; who by word

XIV.

" and example sought to free thy flock from those offences? CHAP. "Ah, good Lord! these are now by power put down from " pastoral care. They are forbid to feed us: their voice we Anno 1578. "cannot hear. This is our great discomfort: this is the "joy and triumph of Antichrist his limbs, our enemies.

" Yea, and that is more heavy, increase of this misery is of 556

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some threatened, of the wicked hoped for, and of us " feared, as thy just judgments against us for our sins." In the end of this prayer is brought in the Lord's Prayer, and the Creed, after this manner: "In thy name, O Christ, our "captain, we ask these things, and pray unto thee, O hea"venly Father, saying, Our Father," &c. And then, "O "Lord, increase our faith, whereof we make confession, I "believe in God," &c. And then this sentence, Arise, O Lord, and let thine enemies be confounded.

And this is the sum of that book, which I have been the larger in setting down, to supply what was omitted before in my Annals; being a book drawn up by a joint combination and assistance, study, and pains of the learnedest of that sort of incompliant ministers, chiefly of London.

Popish

Other books of religious subjects printed this year, being thought useful books for English readers, were translated out of other languages, as many were in these days. One of these was entitled, A display of popish practices; pub-Display of lished in quarto, in a black letter; being a piece of The-Practices. odore Beza, in vindication of Calvin's doctrine of predestination. Which some person nameless had writ against, and endeavoured to confute. It was translated out of Latin into English, by William Hopkinson, preacher of the gospel. Which translator gave it this title; An evident display of popish practices, or patched Pelagianism: wherein is mightily cleared the sovereign truth of God's eternal predestination; the stayed groundwork of our assured safety. He dedicated it to Elmer, bishop of London; humbly recommending it to his honour's protection: "whose zeal for " the Lord's family he had eftsones experienced to his great " comfort, in the time of his being within his jurisdiction in " Lincolnshire."

BOOK
II.

The preface of that writer against Calvin's doctrine began thus, according to this translation. " Thy doctrine, Anno 1578. " John Calvin, (a man much renowned in all the world,) Answering " hath many favourers; but therewithal the same in like against manner hath many adversaries. But I, who wish there Calvin's " may be one doctrine, as there is one truth, and all to con

a book

doctrine of

tion.

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predestina- " sent thereunto, if it may be, have thought convenient to " admonish thee familiarly of those things which are usually "boasted against this doctrine; that if they be false, thou " wouldest refute them: and send thy refutation to us, that " we may the rather withstand them; and do it with such "proof as the people may understand. There be many " things wherein many dissent from thee. But for the pre" sent, he said, he would deal with him of the argument " of destiny, or predestination. Because both this article " moved much controversy in the church, which they " wished might be suppressed; and also, that his [Calvin's] " reason in this argument seemed to be such, as could not " be refelled by those books which hitherto he had pub

" lished."

The articles which this writer had gathered out of Calvin's books (which Beza calleth slanders, and answereth distinctly) were such as these.

" I. The first article, that is, the first slander: God, in "the bare and alone determination of his will, hath created "the greatest part of the world to perdition.

557 " II. The second slander: God hath not only predestinate "Adam to damnation, but to the causes of damnation. " Whose fall he did not only foresee, but would it with an "eternal and secret decree; and ordained, that he should "fall. Which that it might come to pass in his time, he "appointed an apple the cause of his fall.

"III. The sins that are committed are done, not only by " his sufferance, but also by his will. For it is frivolous " to assign a difference between the sufferance and will of " God.

"IV. All the wicked acts that man committeth are the "good and just works of God.

XIV.

" V. No adultery, theft, or murder is committed, but the CHAP. " will of God cometh in betwixt. Institut. chap. xxiv. "distinct. 44.

"VI. That the scripture manifestly witnesseth, that " wicked acts are assigned to God; not only willing, but "the author thereof.

"VII. Whatsoever men do, when they sin, they do it " by the will of God: for because the will of God ofttimes " striveth with his commandment.

"VIII. The hardening of Pharaoh, and moreover his fro"wardness of mind and rebellion, was the work of God. "And that by the testimony of Moses, who ascribeth to "God the whole rebellion of Pharaoh.

" IX. The will of God is the chief cause of the harden" ing of men."

Other articles attributed by this writer to Calvin were, "That Satan was a liar by the power of God. That God "giveth will to them that work wickedness: yea, he mi"nistereth wicked and unhonest affections, not only by suf" ferance, but effectually: and that for his own glory. The "wicked in their wickedness do rather God's work than "their own. We sin of necessity by the sense of God, " when we sin of our own, or at adventure. Lastly, Those "things which men commit by their own wicked inclina" tion, the same also proceedeth of the will of God."

Anno 1578.

These uncharitable consequences and odious insinuations Calvin and from the doctrine of predestination and the will of man, as wronged stated by Calvin, highly provoked the church of Geneva. and misreInsomuch that Beza, the chief minister there, answered every one of those articles with some sharpness; calling them all downright slanders, calumnies, and lies; and him sycophant, and in one place, devil. "Wilt thou, devil, never " leave thy slander?" And by his learning confuting the adversary's arguments; and appealing frequently to Calvin's own writings; wherein these dangerous doctrines were utterly disallowed and discovered by him. And finally, concludes that this man's doctrine is patched together of the doctrines of papists, anabaptists, Servetus, and Pelagius.

his doctrine

presented.

VOL. II. PART II.

II.

BOOK The translation of this book, he that employed himself in the doing of it did think would be of great use to English Anno 1578. readers, his countrymen; especially those that wandered in the way of ignorance, and took part with the wicked cause, for lack of helps.

The Way of Now came forth likewise a book of practical religion, in Life. quarto, translated also out of Latin into English, called

The Way of Life; written by a divine of fame in the king558 dom of Denmark; being a Christian and catholic institution; comprising principal points of Christian religion; which are necessary to be known of all men.

Gratulatio Waldenensis.

The History of the Wars in Italy, in English, writ by Guicciardin.

Gratulatio Waldenensis was set forth this year by Gabriel Harvey. It was a description of the queen's reception of the university of Cambridge at Audley End, in the precincts of the town of Walden in Essex. Printed in Latin by Henry Binneman: in four books. The title of the first book, Gabrielis Harveii Χαῖρε : vel Gratulationis Valdinensis liber primus. Ad magnificentissiman principem, et augustissimam reginam Elizabetham Audleianis ædibus regifice exceptam. The second book, to the earl of Leicester. The third, to lord Burghley. The fourth, to the earl of Oxford, sir Christopher Hatton, and sir Philip Sidney.

And to conclude: this year also was printed, in a fair folio, the history of the excellent Italian historian, Guicciardine; translated into English by Geffrey Fenton: containing the wars of Italy and other parts, continued for many years under sundry kings and princes: wherein much history of religion is interspersed; and of stirs occasioned by the pope.

The editor dedicated this his translation to queen ElizaQueen Eli- beth. In his epistle he took notice, "of her great skill in skill in his- "history; wherein she, far above all other princes, had a

zabeth's

tory and government.

" most singular insight and judgment. And concerning " state and government, [which that book chiefly treated " of,] God had expressed in the person of her majesty, a " most rare and divine example to all other kings of the "earth, for matter of policy and sound administration. All " law of reason, of equity, and of other impression whatso

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ever, did challenge to appropriate the address of the work

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