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3
4
4 The jus gentium of the Romans.
5. Introduction of Christianity into the Roman Empire
II.
9. Injurious effects of papal supremacy.
Other causes of its advancement in the middle ages
12. The Rhodian Laws, Rooles d'Oléron, &c.
13. The Consolato del Mare, Guidon de la Mer, &c.
14. Writers on international law prior to Grotius
15. Writings of Grotius.
Political events from the Peace of Westphalia to that of
Utrecht
17. Questions of international law agitated during that period.
18. Writers on public law immediately following Grotius .
19. Political events from the Peace of Utrecht to the end of the
Seven Years' War
13
14
20. Questions of public law during that period
21. Writings of publicists
22.
From the close of the Seven Years' War to the French
Revolution
20
25. From the beginning of the French Revolution to the Con-
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25
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PARA.
26. Questions of international law during that period
27. Writers on international law.
28. Decisions of judicial tribunals
29. From the Congress of Vienna to the Treaty of Washington
30. Questions of international law during that period
32. From the Treaty of Washington to the beginning of civil
war in the United States.
33. Questions agitated in America during that period
34. Questions agitated in Europe
35. Text-writers and judicial opinions
36. Diplomatic and legislative discussions
CHAPTER II.
Nature and Sources of International Law.
I. Definition of international law
5. The positive law of nations
6. Relation between the natural and positive law of nations
7. The Conventional law of nations
9. Customs how far binding
10.
Divisions of the positive law of nations by Wolfius and
Vattel.
II. Objections to those divisions.
12. Distinction between absolute rights, rights of comity, and
Decision of courts of prize
23. Adjudications of mixed tribunals
24. Ordinances and commercial laws of particular States
25. Decisions of local courts
26. Text-writers of approved authority
27. Reason of the authority of text-writers
28. Treaties and international compacts
29.
Effect of treaties on the interpretation of terms
30. State papers and diplomatic correspondence
5. Mere fact of dependence does not destroy sovereignty
6. Nor occasional obedience and habitual influence
25. Change by internal revolution
26. By dismemberment of a part
27. By division of one into two or more separate States
28. By the incorporation of several States into one.
CHAPTER IV.
Rights of Independence and Self-preservation.
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6. Proffered mediation, and mediation by invitation
7. Distinction between pacific mediation and armed inter-
Interference to preserve a balance of power.
10. Treaty of Paris and Congress of Vienna in 1814 and 1815
11. Attempted tripartite treaty respecting Cuba.
Such interference in dependent and confederated States
Interference in virtue of treaty stipulations .
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16. In rewarding and punishing its own subjects
17. The case of Martin Koszta
18. Right of self-preservation
19. Means incidental to general right
20.
21.
Use of these means may be limited by treaty
By the rights of others
Extraordinary increase of army and navy
23. Fortifications and military schools
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93
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25.
24. Right of self-defence without the limits of a State
Mr. Phillimore's basis of this pretended right
95
26.
Defect of his argument
27. Such acts are belligerent, even when justifiable
CHAPTER V.
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4. Effect of custom and treaty upon rights of equality
ΙΟΙ
102
7. Examples of disputes, and the mode of arranging them
Royal honours
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13. General rule of equality and precedence
14. Usage of the alternat
15. Language of diplomatic intercourse and treaties
16. Military and maritime ceremonials
Maritime ceremonials in the narrow seas
19. In foreign ports and on the high seas
Treaties respecting salutes, &c. .
21. General rules established by text-writers
22. Salutes between ships and forts.
23. Ships in foreign ports.
Regulations as to salutes in the British navy
25. French naval regulations
26. Spanish regulations
United States army and navy regulations
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CHAPTER VI.
Rights of Property and of Domain.
I. Divisions of the sovereign powers of the State
2. Prerogatives of the sovereign
3. Jura majestatis and regalia
4. Property and domain of State
7.
9.
Modes of acquiring property.
8. Right of disposition of territory.
Inhabitants of transferred territory
10. Examples of alienation by sale
11. By mortgage.
12. By deeds of gift and bequest
13. Extent of maritime territory
14 Extent of the terms 'coasts' and 'shores'
15. Ownership of islands.
16. Principle of the 'king's chambers'
17. Difficulties in its application .
18. Claims to contiguous portions of the sea
19. Danish sound dues
20. Questions of mare clausum and mare liberum
Black Sea, how far a mare clausum .
The great lakes and their outlets
23. Navigable rivers within or bounding a State
24. Changes in rivers or lakes dividing States
25. Effect of such changes on boundaries
26. Navigable rivers passing through several States
27.
Incidental use of their banks.
28. Right of innocent passage
29. This right may be modified by compact
30. Navigation of the Rhine.
31. Of other European rivers
32. Navigation of the Mississippi
33. Of the St. Lawrence
CHAPTER VII.
Rights of Legislation and Jurisdiction.