and pice nor more than one dollar each. Ill., 163. 3 of That the levying of taxes by the poll is grievous and and oppressive, and ought to be prohibited; that paupers ought not to be assessed for the support of the Government, but every other person in the State, or persons holding property therein, ought to contribute his proportion of public taxes for the support of Government, according to his actual worth in real or s of personal property; yet fines, duties or taxes may and properly and justly be imposed or laid with a political view, for the good government and benefit of the community. Md., 254. lish Fl., 16; -No special privileges or immunities shall ever be granted by the Legislature, which may not be altered, revoked or repealed by the same body; and this . C., power shall be exercised by no other tribunal or agency. Kan., 197. tice free tain -That a long continuance in the Executive Departments, of power or trust, is dangerous to liberty; a tes, rotation, therefore, in those departments, is one of the best securities of permanent freedom. Md. 255. -Government is instituted for the common good; for the protection, safety prosperity and happiness of the people; and not for the profit, honor or private ong interest of any one man, family or class of men; and therefore, the people alone have an incontestable, ing, unalienable and indefeasible right to institute governt of ment, and to reform, alter or totally change the same, when their protection, safety, prosperity and happi79; ness require it. Mass., 280; (nearly similar), Min., Vt., 319; Nev., 379; Vt., 520; Va., 531; N. H., 399. ess. , or aw, ice, nor e of Own by osts nor, -No man, nor corporation or association of men, have any other title to obtain advantages, or particular and exclusive privileges, distinct from those of the community, than what rises from the consideration of services rendered to the public; and this title being in nature neither hereditary, nor transmissible to children or descendants, or relations by blood, the idea of a man born a magistrate, law-giver or judge, is absurd and unnatural. Mass., 280. -No title of nobility or hereditary distinction, privilege, honor or emolument, shall ever be granted or confirmed; nor shall any office be created, the appointment to which shall be for a longer time than ath, during good behavior. Me., 240. e of Own ture heir but perticle any any -No office or place whatsoever in government shall be hereditary-the abilities and integrity requisite in all not being transmissible to posterity or relations. N. H., 399. -That the Legislature shall not grant any title of nobility or hereditary distinction, nor create any office, the appointment of which shall be for a longer term than during good behavior. Pa., 468; S. C., 488. H., -No title of nobility shall be granted; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State. U. S., 13. zest, rson ture red in created, the ap longer term tha -That no title to be granted in Ky., 223; Ter., 50 -That absolute, arbi -Nor are the people bon -But the paramount allegian privilege, honor, or emolument, shall ever be graneu -Economy being a most essential virtue in all States, -The powers of government reside in all the citi- -None but citizens of the United States shall be -That absolute, arbitrary power over the lives, -The people of this State have the sole and exclusive -Nor are the people bound by any law but such as -That every citizen of this State owes paramount -That this State shall ever remain a member of the -But the paramount allegiance of every citizen is ཅམས equivalent. N. H. 399 -Protection to pers government. Ga. 14 All political power all free governments and instituted for the times, the unalienable their form of govern may think expedient. 473; Pa. 467; S. C. 399. -That we hold it to created equally free; Creator with certain are life, liberty, the en own labor, and the p -That the people of sentatives, have the s of governing and reg same. Vt., 521. -That all governme people, is founded in solely for the good o all times the unalier abolish their form of they may deem expe That all men, wher equal in rights; and entitled to exclusive from the community. -That all men when equal, and have cer rights, amongst whi defending life and li and protecting proper suing their own happ -That the people o sole and exclusive r government and poli -All power residin being derived from t officers of governmen legislative, executive and agents, and are Mass., 280. -All men are by nɛ have certain unaliel those of enjoying acquiring, possessin pursuing and obtain 96; (substantially si 196; Me., 239; Mo., -When men enter render up some of t in order to procure t out such equivalen 398. -Through Divine the rights of worsh according to the enjoying and defend res, 319; Mich., 307; Nev. 379. hat na ex., --The Legislative Assembly shall so provide that the most competent of the permanent citizens of the -op- county shall be chosen for jurors; and out of the whole number in attendance at the court, seven shall be drawn by lot as grand jurors, five of whom must concur to find an indictment; but the Legislative and Assembly may modify or abolish grand juries. Or.,454. -The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate; and shall extend to all cases at law, without regard to the amount in controversy; but a jury trial may be waived by the parties in all cases, in the manner prescribed by law. Wis. 560. -ent and and For -, at orm -OV and -That the inhabitants of. are entitled to the common law of England, and the trial by jury according to the course of that law, and to the benefit of such of the English statutes as existed on the fourth day of July, seventeen hundred and ood seventy-six, and which, by experience, have been 83; found applicable to their local and other circumstanOr., ces, and have been introduced, used and practiced by c to the courts of law or equity, and also of all acts of all Assembly in force on the first day of June, eighteen and hundred and sixty-four, except such as may have Ill, since expired or may be inconsistent with the provi eas rm, and e or es of act; sions of this Constitution, subject, nevertheless, to the revision of and amendment or repeal by the Legislature of this State; and the inhabitants are also entitled to all property derived to them from or under the charter granted by His Majesty Charles the First. Md., 253. --That no person shall be accused, arrested, or detained, except in cases ascertained by law, and according to the forms which the same has prescribed; red, and that no person shall be punished, but by virtue the of a law established and promulgated prior to the offense, and legally applied. Ala., 73. are 1 or 1on n is ap ent, rnal -That the right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate; and shall extend to all cases at law, without regard to the amount in controversy. Ill., 165. -That the trial of facts where they arise is one of the greatest securities of the lives, liberties and estate of the people. Md, 254. and -No person shall be held to answer for treason, ent, felony or other crime not cognizable by a justice, ap- unless on presentment or indictment of a grand jury. d in W. Va., 547. hine should be mor -In all cases of controversy shall lars, the right of Tex, 512. -That no freeman of his freehold, be or exiled, or in an liberty, or property, or the law of the lar similar), N. C. 422: 1 -That when any iss zance of a jury, is joine have a right to trial by sacred. Vt., 522. -No person shall be h unless on the presentm jury, except in cases o cognizable by justices of army or navy, or in the vice in time of war or p J., 412; R. I., 473; Pro Peace shall try no pers inquiry, for any offense ment or death, or fine ai TU. 166. -That no freeman shal criminal charge but by p impeachment. Tenn., 491 -The trial of crimes and n in otherwise provided, shai held publicly and without county where the alleged unless upon petition of th cause shown, or in consequ war or insurrection in such or instituted in, some other d the accused shall be inform cause of the accusation, and witnesses against him, and of counsel for his defense. for obtaining witnesses in hi -In all criminal cases what the right to determine the la 170. Under the direction of and the right of new trial, 448. -In all controversies concer all suits between two or m cases in which it has heretofor and practiced, the parties hav jury; and this method of p sacred, unless, in causes arisin such as relate to mariners' shall hereafter find it necessary -Every man being presumed pronounced guilty by the la which is not necessary to sec shall be permitted. R. I, 473. -The right of trial by jury s Ala., 73; Ct, 108; but the Ge 2 assessed by a jury of his peers, fine at the time they find the fact, if they think the -That no freeman shall be imprisoned, or disseized -That when any issue in fact, proper for the cogni- -No person shall be held to answer for an offense -That no freeman shall be put to answer any -The trial of crimes and misdemeanors, unless here- Or., -In all controversies concerning property, and in -The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate; 2 tions, shall be held indis -That no freedman sha but by the unanimous v lawful men, in open c C., 422. -In all civil suits, and property, the parties sh jury, except in cases otherwise practiced; t may be heard by hims at his election. Me., 2 -It is essential to the every individual, his li acter, that there be an laws and administrati of every citizen to be tial and independent admit. It is, therefor for the security of th every citizen, that the cial Court should hol behave themselves we honorable salaries standing laws. Mass. as -That no person sha nal charge, but by impeachment, except shall otherwise prov pass no law whereby to answer any crimin the accused, except t by a Grand Jury. F -In every criminal have the right to a sp partial jury, which r men in all courts not nature of the accusa witnesses against hi for obtaining witne assistance of counsel -That, in all crimin a right to be heard b the nature and cau copy thereof, to b against him, to have witnesses in his fa indictment or inform impartial jury of th offense was comm compelled to give e prived of his life, course of law. Al --That all courts si son, for any injur person or reputati course of law, an without sale, denia --The statutes of upon any claim in soever, not sued barred by the sta of January, 1861. ved the din con 1 by ved. cam the security of the life, liberty and estate of the citizen, that no crime or offense ought to be tried in any other county than that in which it is committed; except in cases of general insurrection in any particjury ular county, when it shall appear to the Judges of the ight Superior Court that an impartial trial cannot be had in the county where the offense may be committed, and upon their report, the Legislature shall think proper to direct the trial in the nearest county in which an impartial trial can be obtained. N. H., 400. -That no person shall, for any indictable offense, be proceeded against criminally by information; except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service, or by leave of the court, for misdemeanor in office. Provided, That the Legislature in case of petit larceny, assault, assault and battery, affray, riot, unlawful assembly, drunkenness, vagrancy, and other misdemeanors of like character, may dispense with an inquest of a grand dis- jury, and may authorize prosecutions before Justices out- of the Peace, or such other inferior court or courts This as may be established by the Legislature; and the aw; proceedings in such cases shall be regulated by law. Miss., 335; (nearly similar), Ala., 73. tate, Hola ave shall urts. , or be , or out dor the and. -d of law. mes ught ld be fully ince. , be cept sion -No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense unless on the presentment or indictment of a grand jury except in cases of impeachment, or in cases cognizable by Justices of the Peace, or arising in the army or navy, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war, or public danger; and no person for the same offense shall be put twice in jeopardy of punishment, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself. All persons shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient suretics, except for capital offenses, when the proof is evident or the presumption great; and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require. Neb., 370. -The House of Delegates may inquire, on the oath of witnesses, into all complaints, grievances and offenses, as the Grand Inquest of the State, and may commit any person, for any crime, to the public jail, the there to remain until discharged by due course of r or law; they may examine and pass all accounts of the State, relating either to the collection or expenditure of the revenue, and appoint auditors to state and adjust the same; they may call for all public or official papers and records, and send for persons whom they may judge necessary in the course of their inquiries concerning affairs relating to the public interest, and may direct all office bonds, which shall be made payable to the State, to be sued for any breach thereof. Md., 262. rty, best t to all, y be iner [A preamble giv RELI -Congress shall m or violence; and, the to worship Almighty God |
