Pag. 13. Evo, thofe Heroes, from whom the Athenian tribes were named, are awkwardly termed "fur-names."

Pag. 14. "But his fons, being again ejected by the Metionida, returned from Megara to Athens." This ought to be: But his fons, who had been driven out with their father, "returned from Megara to Athens, having in their turn ex"pelled the fons of Metion."

Ibid. Ravifhed Philomela, and flew her afterwards with his fword." The well-known fable charges Tereus with cutting out the tongue of Philomela, but not with flaying her. Ov. Met. 1. vi. v. v. 554. 667. The Greek, rò owμn ti awenσaperes Th wadi, agrees with the received account: but Mr. T. in this inftance feems to have been deceived by the Latin, which fays "puellæ infuper corpus ferro violâflet.'

Pag. 15. "The Hebrews, who dwell above Syrus," g Σύρων means beyond the Syrians.

Ibid. "Partly by their negligence." Paufanias means not that the writers were negligent, but neglected. The Latin crrs as well as the English.

Ibid." But they fay, that Ptolemy performed other fplendid actions in Afia, and that he affifted Alexander when in danger among the Oxydracæ, more than all his other royal allies." For this action Ptolemy obtained the name of Soter, or preferver. It muft, however, be remembered, that he was not an ally" of Alexander, nor at that time" royal." Paufanias fays, that he aflifted his mafler, μάλιςα τῶν αίρων “ molt of all his attendants" or "companions." We think the tranflator's eyes must have glanced upon the Latin, which has " cunctis regis amicis," and have read "regiis" for "regis.' ibid. lin. ult. The story evidently points to Ptolemy, but we here find Philip ufurping his place.

præ

Pag. 16. "But Perdiccas, for the purpose of adorning his army (according to appearance) brought with him Arideus, the fon of Philip." For seals we would read with Sylburgius sgalas, fince the fenfe evidently is not as our tranflator has it, but that he might have a more fpecious pretext for his expedition." Ibid. "But the death of Perdiccas immediately excited Ptolemy to political measures." These measures were of a warlike nature. The Greek fays fimply, "The death of Perdiccas immediately roufed Ptolemy to action." Es Ta πράγματα καθέζησε.

his

Ibid." He prepared to take vengeance on Antigonus, and Caffander, the fon of Antipater; and perfuaded Lyfimachus, who governed in Thrace to become affociate in the war." Every one, who is critically acquainted with ancient authors, knows that an obfcure or contradictory paffage is often reconciled by a change in the punctuation. This

has

has happened to the text of Paufanias in the present inftance but as the fenfe has been reftored by Kuhnius, and as the paffage in it's prefent ftate palpably contradicts the tenor of the narrative, a tranflator, properly attentive to his task, would not have fuffered the error to remain. We read in this very chapter that Antigonus marched against Lyfimachus, Caffander, and Seleucus. For thefe three Kings, together with Ptolemy, were leagued against Antigonus. The tranflation ought to be-" He himself prepared to attack Antigonus: and per"suaded Caffander the fon of Antipater, and Lyfimachus, "who ruled in Thrace, to join him in the war."

Pag. 20. "For his fitter Arfinoe, whom he had married, died prior to her delivery," The original, in which the learned reader will obferve a fingular Grecifm, is, τὴν δέ οι συνοικήσασαν ἀδελφὴν κατέλαβεν ἔτι πρότερον ἀποθανεῖν ἄπαιδα. But furely the tranf lation of the laft words (which only imply that Arfinoe died without having borne any children) is improper. The Latinj antequàm pareret, appears to have fuggefted the mistake."

Ibid. "This Attalus then was the fon of that Attalus who was the brother of Philetæerus, and who poffeffed the kingdom; which was delivered to him from his coufin Eumenes." The text of Paufanias is intricate. It appears from Strabo, that there were three brothers, Philetæerus, Eumenes, and Attalus. Philetærus, being an eunuch, died without children. Attalus had a fon of the fame name with himself; fo alfo had Eumenes. The younger Attalus received the kingdom from his coufin the younger Eumenes. This explains the paffage in queftion, the fenfe of which is imperfectly given by Mr. T. Perhaps the text of Paufanias is right, if a colon be placed after Φιλεταίρων

Pag. 22. "Pindar, who deferves other rewards from the Athenians as well as a statue, because he has celebrated them in verse." The word, rendered" deferves," is ugάuevos, "who obtained." The Latin fays "meruit," which means either obtained" or "deferves." Who can doubt in this instance the fource of the English tranflation? The fact is, as Paufanias has ftated it, that Pindar did obtain other rewards from the Athenians befides a ftatue. For when the Thebans impofed a fine upon him for extolling Athens fo highly, the Athenians fent him double the amount of the fine impofed.

Pag. 24. "But Ptolemy dying foon after this, the Athenians, for the benefits which they had received through him, decreed him many honours, which it is needless to mention, and erected brazen ftatues of him and Berenice." We think, though in oppofition to the joint authority of the Latin and Englim tranflations, that, πολλές τε καὶ ἐκ άξια ἐξηγήσεως, refers to

the

the favours conferred by, Ptolemy, not to the honours decreed him. We therefore tranflate thus: "The Athenians, who had received many favours from him, which it is unneceffary to mention, erected, &c,"

P. 25. "Lyfimachus therefore obtaining the command of that part of Thrace which we have mentioned, made war firft of all upon his neighbours the Odryfians, and afterwards upon the Dromichetes and Getæ :" we confefs that the perufal of this page fills us with much perplexity, particularly fince Mr. Taylor profeffes not to have followed the Latin tranflation. Now, of the fentence which we have printed in Italics, not one word is to be found in the Greek, although the Latin has "Ejus igitur Thraciæ partis compos factus Lyfimachus." We next obferve, that Mr. T. has taken Dromichætes for the name of a people, and not, as it really is, the name of the Prince of the Getæ. Hence, in a following fentence we meet with this unintelligible paffage.

"But Lyfimachus, who, in other battles afterwards was not more fortunate, and not confidering the captivity of his fon as a trifling matter, made peace with the Dromichætes, gave up that part of Thrace, which is beyond the Ifter, to Getæ, and promised his daughter in marriage; complying, by this means, with the neceffity of the times." The meaning of this paffage, in the original, is literally this: " Lyfimachus being worsted in fubfequent engagements, and not confidering the capture of his fon as a trivial matter, made peace with Dromichates, ceding to the Getan fo much of his territory as lay beyond the Ifter, and giving him his daughter in marriage, more from neceflity than choice."

Complying with the neceffity of the times" is from the Latin," temporum neceffitati obtemperans."

P. 27. Finding him dead on his arrival." Demetrius is faid by Mr. T. to have found Alexander, the fon of Caffander, dead on his arrival, and therefore to have taken poffeffion of the Macedonian Government. Paufanias, on the contrary, fays, that he murdered Alexander, (αυτόν τε ̓Αλέξανδρον φονέυσανία) and then took poffeffion of his kingdom. Utri vos, Quirites, credere debetis?

P. 28. Lyfandra having obtained his dead body with much intreaty, Alexander, the fon of Lyfimachus by Odryfiades, carried it away and buried it in Cherfonefus. And there, even now, his fepulchre is to be feen between the street Cardia and Pactya." Mr. T. has before told us, that Alexander was the son of Lyfimachus, by his wife Odryfiades. The words of Paufanias are ὑιὸς μὲν Λυσιμάχε, γεγονὼς δὲ ἐξ Ὀδρυσιά dos yuvanós. We are strongly inclined to think these words import that he was the fon of Lyfimachus by an Odry fian wo→

man.

man. But certainly there is no fuch female name as Odryfiades, and we can only impute the use of it to that ftrange mifconception of the Greek names which our tranflator fo often difplays. However, we have a more ferious charge to bring against the paffage we have cited. We arraign it of a complete perverfion of the fenfe of Paufarias. Of this our readers will judge by comparing it with the following literal tranflation. Alexander having obtained the dead body of Lyfimachus, with much entreaty, from Lyfandra, carried it afterwards to the Cherfonefus and buried it, where indeed, his tomb is ftill to be seen, between the villages of Cardia and Pactya."

P. 29. He called the cities, which even now remain by his own name," &c. This ought to be, He gave the city the name it still retains, from himself, &c.

30. An English reader will find the fame perfon reprefented under the following different appellations. Pyrrhus, the fon of Arybbas-the fon of acides-acides. This is fuch a confufion of identity and divery, that it calls for all the metaphyfical fubtlety of Mr. T. to unravel it. If he had known fo fimple a thing as a Greek patronymic, he would have learned that acides may mean any defcendant of acus, and then might have adopted his tranflation a little more to the comprehenfion of his countrymen, We are compelled to obferve, that the fame fault prevails throughout all the proper names introduced in the courfe of the work: almost all being rendered in such a manner as not only to show the tranflator's ignorance of Greek, but alfo to betray more knowledge of the Latin verfion than he chooses to own.We find Pefinuntes for Pefinus; Apamen for Apame; Calaureas for Calauria; Thurius for Thurium; Hieronymus Cardan and Cardianian for Hieronymus the Cardian, or, of Cardia; Phera for Phera; Anaxandrus for Anaxander; Olympia for Olympias; Megare for Megara; and (in fpite of Mr. T.'s arguments for the ufage) Delphos for Delphi, &c. &c. &c.

P. 33. But after this, an embally called Pyrrhus into the Sicily of the Syracufans." Such a tranflation as this fpeaks too plainly for itself to need any comment from us. We fhall only obferve, that the grofs error Mr. T. has committed originates from his mifconftruing the Latin and not the Greek. We fhall quote them both to convince our readers of this fa&t. Πύῤῥον δὲ ἐς Σικελίαν ἀπήγαγε πρεσβεια Συρακεσίων.

The conftruction here is fuch as fcarcely to admit the poffibility of a mistake. But the ftructure of the Latin is more ambiguous. Pyrrhum poft hæc in Siciliam Syracufanorum avocavit legatio.

We

We fhall adduce a fpecimen of hiftorical ignorance, equally prepofterous with that which we have now exhibited in a matter of geography. We imagined every child had heard of the victory obtained by the Greeks at Platea over the Perfians, But Mr. T. tells us (Vol. III. p. 5.) that "the Greeks erected a trophy for their victory over the Platzenfes.” μάχης της εν Πλαταιαισιν.

P. 35. "Moloffian Pyrrhus offers thefe fhields to thee, Itonian Minerva, as trophies feized from the bold Gauls. whose army was vanquithed by Antigonus." We are told juft before that Pyrrhus vanquished Antigonus and his mercenary Gauls; but Mr. T. in oppofition to Paufanias and to himself, chooses to reprefent Antigonus not only as conquering when he was conquered, but as conquering his own auxiliaries. We fhould imagine that a very fmall portion of common fenfe, without the aid of learning, would be fufficient to preferve any author from fuch unaccountable miftakes as thefe. But Mr. T. is not to be measured by.common rules. He fometimes feemingly grafps at errors, where an ordinary man would be ftartled at the irreconcileable contradictions they produce. An inftance of this kind, among many others, we find in p. 51: where we are told, With refpect to that part of the city which they call the Gardens, and the Temple of Venus which it contains, there is nothing in thefe worthy of being noticed. For there is not any thing remarkable in the ftatue of Venus which is near the temple,.

But, immediately after we read, "The ftatue of Venus, in the Gardens is the work of Alcamenes, and is one of the things at Athens which deferve to be inspected." In fact, the first of thefe paffages ought to have been rendered thus: "concerning the place which they call the Gardens, and the temple of Venus, there is no tradition extant among them. Not even concerning the ftatue of Venus, which is near the temple." Thus again, p, 377, we are told" the Spartans did not exact of the Meffenians any annual tribute, but ordered them to carry to Sparta half of all the produce of their agriculture," which, indeed, was the fevereft annual tribute they could impofe. The Greek only fays, they did not impofe any ftated fum for a tribute, Copov puvor, which makes the whole perfectly intelligible, the produce of land being variable.

"

Page 41. Among the Athenians likewife there is a palace of the Athmonenfians, the officers of which affert, that Porphyrion, &c. The officers of this palace, however, &c." Our readers having heard of a King at Athens, are now told of a palace. This is another of thofe errors which is much

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