Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions, C. 1830-1930KITLV Press, 2007 - 297 pages By the early nineteenth century, Islam had come to be the religious element in Javanese identity. But it was a particular kind of Islam, here called the 'mystic synthesis'. This Javanese mysticism had three notable characteristics: Javanese held firmly to their identity as Muslims, they carried out the basic ritual obligations of the faith, but they also accepted the reality of local spiritual forces. In the course of the nineteenth century, colonial rule, population pressure and Islamic reform all acted to undermine this 'mystic synthesis'. Pious Muslims became divided amongst adherents of that synthesis, reformers who demanded a more orthoprax way of life, reforming Sufis and those who believed in messianic ideas. A new category of Javanese emerged, people who resisted Islamic reform and began to attenuate their Islamic identity. This group became known as abangan, nominal Muslims, and they constituted a majority of the population. For the first time, a minority of Javanese converted to Christianity. The priyayi elite, Java's aristocracy, meanwhile embraced the forms of modernity represented by their European rulers and the wider advances of modern scientific learning. Some even came to regard the original conversion of the Javanese to Islam as a civilisational mistake, and within this element explicitly anti-Islamic sentiments began to appear. In the early twentieth century these categories became politicised in the context of Indonesia's nascent anti-colonial movements. Thus were born contending political identities that lay behind much of the conflict and bloodshed of twentieth-century Indonesia. This work is a copublication with NUS Press. Brill has distribution rights for Europe and the US. |
Table des matières
The Javanese Islamic Legacy to c 1830 | 1 |
Javanese Societys Nineteenthcentury Colonial Context | 12 |
The Diverging Worlds of Pious Islam | 30 |
Droits d'auteur | |
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Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions, C. 1830-1930 Merle Calvin Ricklefs Affichage d'extraits - 2007 |
Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions, C. 1830-1930 Merle Calvin Ricklefs Aucun aperçu disponible - 2007 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
abangan Akkeren Allah anti-Islamic Arabic Babad Kědhiri bangsa Batavia Bramartani Brawijaya Buda budi Budi Utomo Bupati called chapter Christian Cirebon conflict Coolen cultuurstelsel Děrmagandhul dhalang Dutch Dutch colonial East Java European hajis hajj Harthoorn Hoezoo Ibid ideas identity Indonesian Islamic reform Java's Javaansche Javanese culture Javanese Islam Javanese language Javanese society Javanese-speaking Jellesma Kartini Kědiri Khoen Swie king KITLV knowledge kawruh kraton kyai leaders Leiden literature Madiun Majapahit Mangkunagara Mecca missionaries MNZG modern mosque movements Muhammad Muhammadiyah Muslims mystic synthesis Naqshabandiyya Netherlands ngelmu nineteenth century observed onderwijs organisation Pakubuwana pasisir peasant pesantrens pilgrimage pious Poensen population prayer pre-Islamic priyayi Prophet published Purwalělana Pustakaraja putihan Qur'an Raden Ratu religion religious reported Ricklefs Ronggawarsita Sadrach santris schools Semarang Serat social Sufi Sufism Sultan Suluk Sunan Surabaya Surakarta tarekat transl translation Tunggul Wulung village wayang Wedhatama wrote Yogyakarta