Pavia, expulsion of the Jews from, ii, 74.
Payne, cited, ii, 45, note.

Peacock, miraculous quality of its flesh,
ii, II, note; 23.

Pears from the shores of the Dead Sea,
Seetzen's examination of, ii, 248, 249.
Pearson, Bishop, on chronology, i, 255.
Cited, 257, note.

Pearson, J. B., cited, ii, 265, note; 269,

note.

Peasants of Russia, ecclesiastical pre-
vention of their use of potatoes, ii,
285.

Peat-beds of Scandinavia, remains of
prehistoric man found in, i, 292, 293.
Pebbles, the changing of peas into, ii,
238.

"Peculiar People," faith cures among
the, ii, 45.

Peel, Sir Robert, specimens of Dean
Cockburn's epistles in the unpublished
papers of, i, 225, note.

Peleg, the primitive language preserved
by, ii, 185.

Peleus, legend of a rock thrown by, ii,

210.

Pelican, fabulous account of the, i, 33.
Peloponnesian War, charge of poisoning
during the, ii, 89.

Pendulum experiment, its influence on

the doctrine of the antipodes, i, 109.
Pengelly, his cave explorations, i, 276.
Penikese, Agassiz's summer school at, i,
69.

Penn, Granville, on the Creation and the
Deluge, i, 231, 241. Cited, 231,

note.

Pennsylvania, Bishop of, issuance of spe-
cial call to prayer by, ii, 95.
Pentateuch, key to the true character of,
ii, 328.

Pepys, cited, i, 204, note.

Percy, his development of Kepler's com-
etary theory, i, 202.

Perrier, cited, i, 40, note; 62, note.
Perrin, his flounderings in philology, ii,
192. Cited, 192, note.

Perry, Bishop, on evolution, i, 72. Cited,
73, note.

Persecution, religious, warrant found for
it by St. Augustine in one of Jesus's
parables, ii, 299.

Persecution for witchcraft.

PERSECUTION.

See WITCH

Perseus, punishment of those offending,

ii, 215.
Persia, geographical conceptions among
the inhabitants of, i, 90. Development
of belief in magic in, 373. Acquire-
ment of this belief by the Hebrews,
382. Theory of disease in, ii, 2, 27,

72. Development of the theory of
demoniacal possession in, 100.
Persian language, its dissimilarity to He-
brew, ii, 190.

Person, David, his reasoning in support
of the scriptural chronology, i, 274.
Cited, 399, note.

Perth, the plague in, ii, 88.
Perthes, Boucher de, his great work on the
prehistoric remains of France, i, 271-
273, 278. Temporary success of his
opponents, 289. Cited, 275, note; 280,
note; 291, note.

Peru, early civilization in, i, 306.
Peruvian bark, Protestant opposition to
the use of, ii, 61, 62.
Peruzzi, cited, ii, 270, note.

Pesch, his attack on the theory of evolu-
tion, i, 78.

Peschel, on the evidences of the antiquity
of man obtained in the Nile Valley, i,
263. Cited, 95, note; 100, note; 102,
note; 105, note; 110, note; 265, note.
Pestilences, recurrence of, ii, 67. Theo-
ries of their cause, 67, 68. Their effect
on the property of the Church, 71.
Petavius, proof of the worthlessness of
his chronology, i, 240. On the date
of the creation, 253.

Peter, St., identification of the spot where
he caught one hundred and fifty-three
fishes, i, 38; ii, 240. Miraculous
power possessed by his shadow, 26.
His attempt to escape martyrdom, 212.
His references to the Dead Sea, 223.
To the story of Lot's wife, 226. Sig-
nificance of his draught of fishes, 299.
Peter, Second Epistle of, cited, i, 218,
note; ii, 226, note.

Peter of Abano, persecution of, i, 107.
Peter Damian, his condemnation of sci-
entific study, i, 375.

Peter the Deacon (Petrus Diaconus),
cited, ii, 231, note.

Peter Lombard, his views on the crea-

tion, i, 7. On noxious animals, 29.
On potential and actual creation, 55.
His manual of theology, the Sen-
tences, 116. On the geocentric theory,
116. On the work of devils, 119. On
the taking of interest, ii, 267. Cited,
i, 8, note; 31, note; 56, note; 117,
note; ii, 269, note.
Peter Martyr, on the importance of un-
derstanding the work of creation, i, 8.
On the necessity of believing the Scrip-
tural account of the creation, 212.
Cited, 10, note; 213, note.
Peter, J., cited, ii, 81, note.
Peters, his work in biblical criticism, ii,
370.

Petit, Pierre, his protest against cometary
superstitions, i, 198. Cited, 199, note;
ii, 269, note; 285, note.
Petrarch, on Averroism, ii, 38.
Petrie, Flinders, on the date of Mena's
reign, i, 259. On the geological changes
in Egypt, 299. Cited, 265, note; 281,
note; 302, note; ii, 376, note.
Pettigrew, cited, ii, 42, note; 43, note;
139, note; 166, note.

Peucer, his attitude toward the Coper-
nican theory, i, 129.

Peuchen, cited, i, 348, note.
Pfeiffer, on the creation, i, 213. On the
absolute perfection of the book of
Genesis, ii, 312.

Pfleiderer, cited, ii, 332, note; 333, note;
335, note; 351, note; 353, note; 362,
note; 385, note.

Phalaris, controversy over the letters of,
ii, 337, 338.

Pharos, translation of Hebrew Scripture
on the island of, ii, 289.
Pheasant, its illustration of the ends of
Providence, i, 42.

Philadelphia, sanitary condition of, ii, 95.
Hospital for the insane in, 130.
Philæ, representation of the creation in
the temple at, i, 24.

Philastrius, St., on heretical beliefs re-
garding the stars, i, 115.
His cata-
logue of heresies, 251.
Cited, 115,
note; 252, note.
Philemon, story of, ii, 214, 219.
Philip II, of Spain, his accession due to
a comet, i, 176. His relations with
Vesalius, ii, 51, 54. His persecution
of Luis de Leon, 325.
Phillippi, on the futility of geology, i,
237.

Philo Judæus, his theory of the creation,
i, 5. On the mystic significance of
numbers, 6. His development of the
use of allegory in interpreting the
Scripture, ii, 294. His speculations
on numbers, 296. Cited, i, 8, note;
115, note; ii, 294, note.

Philolaus, his suggestion of a heliocentric
theory, i, 120.

Philologists, effect of their studies on
biblical criticism, i, 20. Their testi-
mony regarding the antiquity of man
in Egypt, 262.

Philology, Comparative, proofs of the
theory of the upward tendency of man-
kind derived from, i, 307, 308, 312.
From Babel to, ii, 168-208. Results
of the study of, 168, 207. Triumph
of the new science, 193-203. Its con-
clusions regarding the Hebrew lan-
guage, 205, 206.

Philosophers, Ionian, their conception
of evolution, i, 14. Of storms, 323
French, bloom period of the, ii, 192.
Philosopher's stone, theological argument
in favor of the, i, 397, 398.
Philosophy, pagan, its influence on the
Church, i, 31.

Philosophy, historians of, on the naming
of animals by Adam, ii, 196.
Philpotts, Bishop of Exeter, his resistance
to the Revised Version of the New
Testament, ii, 388, note.
Phineus, legend of, ii, 215.
Phips, Lady, final resistance to the Sa-
lem witch persecution by, ii, 153.
Phocas, legend of a rock thrown at, i,

210.

Phoenicia, relation of its theories of the
creation to those of the Hebrews, i, 2.
21. To those of the Greeks, 14, 51.
Development of belief in magic in

373-

Phoenix, fabulous accounts of the, i, 33-
As a proof of the resurrection, 35-
Scepticism regarding the, 39.

Phrygia, explanatory myths in, ii, 213,

223.

Physic. See MEDICINE.

Physicians, regulation of their practice by
the Church, ii, 37. Classification of,
with sorcerers, 37, 38. Arabian, 104.
Charge of atheism against, 104. Their
espousal of the safe side during the
witch persecution, 119. Their atti-
tude towards epidemics of hysteria,
139.

Physics, attempts to reconcile the truths
of, with the Mosaic account of the cre-
ation, i, 19. From magic to, 373-415-
Effects of belief in magic upon, 353.
Theological opposition to, 394. Mod-
ern development of, 406-408.
Physiologus, the standard medieval work
on zoology, i, 32, 33, 35.
Piacenza, treatment of a money-lender's
body by the people of, ii, 271.
Piat, St., his relics potent against wet
weather, i, 344.

Pictet, cited, i, 228, note.
Pierrozzi, his inscription above Galileo's
remains, i, 146.

Pike, L. O., cited, ii, 271, note.
Pike, Dr. Samuel, his attack on Newton,

Pools, miraculous powers of, ii, 25, 26.
Poor, desirability of studying the evo-
lution of modern methods of dealing
with the, ii, 286.

Porson, his rejection of the text from St.
John regarding the "three witnesses,"
ii, 305. His work in literary criticism,
338. Cited, 308, note.

Porta, persecution of, for studying sci-
ence, i, 392, 393.

Portal, cited, ii, 53, note; 55, note.
Porter, Noah, on evolution, i, 78. Cited,
86, note.

Port Royal, bones of the Jansenists dug
up and scattered at, ii, 186.
Portugal, justification of her claim to
Brazil, i, 108.

Poseidon, imprint of his trident on the
Acropolis, ii, 211.
Possession, demoniacal, from, to insan-

ity, ii, 97-134. Epidemics of, 112. Be-
ginnings of a healthful scepticism re-
garding, 116-124. The final struggle
and victory of science-Pike and
Tuke, 124-134. Epidemics of posses-
sion, 135-157, 159, 160. Beginnings
of helpful scepticism regarding 157-
163. Theological suggestions of com-
promise-final triumph of the scien-
tific view and methods, 163-167.
Postillus, his endeavour at a comparative
study of languages, ii, 180.
Potato, its cultivation a proof of man's
unassisted development, i, 305.
Pouchet, on the work of St. Thomas
Aquinas, i, 380. Cited, 378, note;
379, note; 381, note.

Poulet, his confession of being a were-
wolf, ii, 123.

Powell, Baden, his part in Essays and
Reviews, ii, 342.

Powers, an order of the second hierarchy
of angels, i, 119.
Pozzy, cited, i, 77, note.
Prætorius, cited, i, 182, note.
Prasias, Lake, the lake-dwellers of, i,

295.

Pratt, Archdeacon, on philology's con-
firmation of the Scripture, ii, 205.
Cited, 207, note.

Prayer Book, Irish, prayers for sufferers
from jail fever in the, ii, 84.
Prayers, employment of them to still the
elements, i, 340.

Preller, cited, ii, 218, note.
Presbyterian Synod of Mississippi, its
endowment of a chair of Natural Sci-
ence as connected with revealed re-
ligion, i, 316.

Prescriptions against insanity, ii, 102.
Prestwich, his investigation of Boucher
de Perthes's discoveries, i, 273.
Prévost-Paradol, cited, ii, 241, note.
Price, Hilton, cited, i, 302, note.
Prideaux, his opposition to the theo-
logical views in philology, ii, 187.
Indication of the position of Lot's
wife's statue by, 245. Cited, 245,

note.

Priestley, persecution of, for heterodoxy,
i, 149, 405. His discoveries in chem-
istry, 405. Cited, 368, note.
Priests, their connection with the heal-
ing art, ii, 1. Efficacy of their breath
or spittle against demons, 102.
Primum mobile, the ninth sphere, i, 118,
"Prince of the power of the air," from

the, to meteorology, i, 323-372. See
also SATAN.

Prince, the Rev. Thomas, on the cause
of earthquakes in Boston, i, 366.
Cited, 366, note.

Princeton, theories of evolution at, i, 79,
80.

Principalities, an order of the third hier-
archy of angels, i, 119.

Pringle, on sanitary precautions, ii, 82,
90.

Prisons, vileness of, in England, ii, 83.
Prisse d'Avennes, his drawings represent-
ing early Egyptian figures, i, 259.

Cited, 90, note; 265, note; ii, 376,
note; 377, note.
Probst-Jesar, origin of the lake at, ii, 214.
Processions, employment of them to gain

power over the elements, i, 343, 344.
To avert pestilence, ii, 71. To cure
insanity, 112. Of flagellants, to cure
the dancing epidemic, 138.
Processo Originale degli Untori, cited, ii,
78, note.

Procopius of Gaza, on the antipodes, i,

104.

Proctor, cited, i, 19, note; 204, note.
Professors, university, not suffered to
teach the Copernican theory, i, 128.
Their treatment in Austria, 269, 403.
Theological qualifications in various
countries, 319. Their treatment in
Spain, 408.

Professors of the college at Beyrout,
their dismissal, i, 84, 129, 168, 318.
Prometheus, his death announced by
darkness over the earth, i, 172.
Protestantism, its resistance to science
compared with that of Catholicism, i,
168, 169. Its condemnation of the
taking of interest, ii, 272-275.

on witchcraft, i, 363.

series, i, 43.

Prowe, cited, i, 127, note; 129, note;
184, note.
Prussia, denunciation of science in, i,
411. Dying-out of the theory of dem-
oniacal possession in, ii, 126.
Psalms, the, Newton's views as to their
authorship, ii, 310. Cited, i, 95, note;
ii, 68, note; 265, note.
Psalters, illuminated, their preservation
of medieval conceptions, i, 3, 36, 383.
Psellus, Michael, on the work of demons,
ii, 103, 104.
Pseudo-Augustine, his guess regarding
the distribution of animals, i, 211.
Psychology, effect of the study of, on be-
lief in miracles, ii, 65.
Ptolemaic theory, adopted by the
Church, i, 116. Reasserted by the In-
quisition and Pope Paul V, 140. Ef-
fect of the new cometary theory upon,

202.

Ptolemy I, legends regarding the trans-
lation of Hebrew Scriptures made at
his command, ii, 289, 290.
Ptolemy, the astronomer, his Geography
i, 102, note. Servetus's edition of it,
112, 113, and note; ii, 237.
Public Health Act, result of the, ii, 92.
Public Opinion, cited, ii, 96, note.
Puffendorf, his victory in the contro-
versy over interest-taking, ii, 277.
Pugin, æsthetic reaction represented by,
ii, 334.
Punctuation,

rabbinical, controversy

over, ii, 176-179.
Puritans, the, their development in an un-
favourable climate, i, 311. Misrep-
resentation of, in certain historical
manuals, 319. Development of witch
persecution among, 360, 361. Their
hostility to the taking of interest, ii,

274.

Pusey, on evolution, i, 76. His influence
on English thought, ii, 334. His work
in biblical criticism, 336. His adher-
ence to the old system of exegesis,
336, 337. His hostility to the authors
of Essays and Reviews, 345, 346.
Cited, i, 77, note; ii, 359, note.
Putnam, Ann, part played by her in the
Salem witch persecution, ii, 148, 151.
Her family's accusation against the
Rev. Mr. Burroughs, 151.
Pygmalion, transformation of his statue,
ii, 233.

Pyramid, the Great, engineering skill
exhibited in, i, 260. Astronomical
knowledge displayed in its construc-
tion, 261.

Pyrrha, legends of, ii, 215.
Pyrrhus, story of, ii, 215.

Quakers, their efforts to reform the treat-
ment of the insane, ii, 133.
Quaresmio (Quaresmius), his great work
on the Holy Land, ii, 186, 239. Its
influence, 240. Cited, i, IOI, note; ii,
229, note; 241, note.
Quarterly Review, cited, i, 73, note; 206,
note; ii, 348, note.
Quaternary period, evidence of man's
existence in the, i, 270, 274, 275, 276,
278, 282.

Quatrefages, on the antiquity of man, i,
282. Cited, 62, note; 73, note; 257,

note; 283, note; 289, note; 291, note;
294, note; 309, note.
Querenghi, Cardinal, his views regarding
the nature of Galileo's condemnation,
i, 164.

Quesnay, his work in political economy,
ii, 283. Cited, 283, note.
Quetelet, cited, i, 140, note.
Quincy, cited, i, 367, note.
Quinine, theological opposition to its use,
ii, 62.

Quotations from the Old Testament in
the New, recent treatment of the ques-
tion, ii, 391.

Rabanus Maurus, his views as to the cen-
tre of the earth, i, 99. On comets, 175.
His sacred cosmography, 328. His
views on science, 376. Cited, 100, note;
329, note.

Rabbis of Palestine, foundation for the
oracular interpretation of the Bible laid
by the, ii, 300.

Radziwill, Prince Nicolas, his belief in
the Dead Sea legends, ii, 235. His
failure to find the statue of Lot's wife,
262. Cited, 235, note.
Railroads, evidence of divine displeasure
against country innkeepers, ii, 285.
Herald of Antichrist, 286.
Rainbow, Aristotle's conclusions regard-
ing, i, 330. Theological views regard-
ing, 330. Bacon's explanation of, 388.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, on the antiquity of
man, i, 254, 259. Cited, 257, note.
Rallaye, his attitude toward Galileo, i,

147.

Ramba, transformation of, ii, 215.