APPENDIX IX METTERNICH'S EPITAPH ON CANNING (12TH AUGUST 1831) Metternich (Vienna, 12th August 1831) to Esterházy (London)1 Metternich begins by taking exception to Lord Palmerston's views on Italy. "The Ministry of Mr Canning marked an era in the history of England and of Europe. We must regard the short duration of that Ministry as equivalent to a league for drawing us from the correct and practical old order of things towards that policy of fantasy which in a few years brought France to the year 1789, which has only made the Triple Alliance assent to the occupation of the Morea by French forces, which has caused the Emperor Nicholas to lose an army, the loss of which to-day puts his power within an ace of ruin (deux doigts de sa perte), which has given a stimulus (essor) to liberalism on the Continent threatening to engulph all thrones and all institutions, which finally has led England to radical reform and to political impotence.2 "These facts being established, it is certain that the existing English administration, that singular amalgam of pure Whigs, Radicals, and Canningites, is better than that of the defunct patron of this last party. It is he who gave to evil the frightful stimulus (essor) that we have seen it take. But evil is always inseparable from some remedies; and the Cabinet of England to-day begins to fix its eyes on some remedies. It is so far true that open evil is better than evil which wears a veil.” 1 V.S.A., Weisungen nach England, 1831. I owe this quotation to the kindness of my friend, Professor Lingelbach. It will be noted that Metternich means the Premiership, not the Foreign Ministry, of Canning. 2 The French drove the Turks from the Morea in 1828; the Emperor Nicholas suffered heavy losses during 1828-9; the French Monarchy fell in July 1830. Abrantés, Dr, 371. GENERAL INDEX Ackerman, Convention of, Oct. 7/26, A Court, Sir William (Lord Heytes- as a diplomat, 271, 288. goes to Spain, Sept. 1822, 64. transferred from Madrid to Lis- Acton, Lord, on Wellington at Adam, Sir Frederick, Governor of Adams, J. Q., State Secretary and his character, 121. on recognition of a new country, on Canning, 451. difference with Canning over Adams, J. Q., State Secretary and and Russia ukase, Sept. 28/21, of, opinion Monroe, conversation of, 488. Alliance, Neo-Holy (v. also Castle- formation of, 16, 21-2. 214, 332, 358-60, 453-4, 458, France, separation from, 57, 64, Portugal, Brazil, and (1820–3), and the Spanish Terror (Oct. and Spanish-American Republics, Alliance, Quadruple, 4-6, 8. Metternich on, 6 and n, 21 and n. Alliance, Triple, the making of Althorp, Viscount, 435. Ambassadors' Conference at Paris, 373, 455. Amherst, Lord, Canning's instruc- Angoulême, Louis Antoine, Duc d': commands in Spain, 83, 86, 91-5. Anti-Jacobin, The, 32, 234, 297. ท. despatches to Brunetti, July to Bathurst, Nov. 20/20, 300 n. Argos, The (Buenos Aires), 165. Balance of Power, 154-5, 178, 380-1, Canning's definition of, 583-4. and Canning's Premiership, 414, Bell, Editor of the Times, 298. Belligerents, Greeks recognised by Bentinck, Lord William, 442. Beresford, Marshal, 199, 206, 508. 199. Bernadotte, Charles John, of Bernstorff, Count, Prussian diplo- Blackburn, Mг, 444- Bolivar, Simon, El Libertador, 165, and Canning, overtures to, 164, on Monroe Message, 167. on Buenos Aires and Brazil, 561. monarchy, 165, 185, 555-61. Bourne, Sturges, Home Secretary, Bowring, Sir J., 313. Boyer, President of Hayti, 105 n. Brazil (v. also Pedro). and Portugal, Canning's neutrality French policy in Brazil open to British Monitor, dependence on British Neptune subsidised by British British Public Ledger, 78. Broughton, Lord (v. Hobhouse). Brunetti, Count, 382 n. commercial flag recognised by decision to negotiate commercial views on Monroe Doctrine and declines to attend Panama Con- war with Brazil over Monte- Bolivar prophesies anarchy in, Cadiz, fall of: (Sept. 30/23), 93, Callahan, Professor J. M.: Canning, Colombia and Mexico, Canning, George: character, 31-4, 231-9. family and friends, 232-4. Ambassador to Lisbon, 27, 237. India, Governor-Generalship of, and Castlereagh, 27-8. retirement and re-entry to intrigues against, 82-3, 141, 240-4, |