The Science of FinanceUniversity of Chicago Press, 1895 - 800 pages |
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Page 3
... ground in peculiarities of the field of view with which the scientists occupy themselves . Not without difficulty , but still not without some ultimate result , may we seek to bring about a reconciliation between the ideas of the jurist ...
... ground in peculiarities of the field of view with which the scientists occupy themselves . Not without difficulty , but still not without some ultimate result , may we seek to bring about a reconciliation between the ideas of the jurist ...
Page 5
... ground of difficulty is the fact that no science is independent in the sense suggested by the analogy of national autonomy . Under the harsh exigencies of national life as we actually find it , the ideal of the solidarity of mankind may ...
... ground of difficulty is the fact that no science is independent in the sense suggested by the analogy of national autonomy . Under the harsh exigencies of national life as we actually find it , the ideal of the solidarity of mankind may ...
Page 9
... grounds . - A treatment of the subject that makes the distinction between " Social Sciences " and the " Political Sciences " its point of departure relegates Political Economy to the former head , the Science of Finance to the latter ...
... grounds . - A treatment of the subject that makes the distinction between " Social Sciences " and the " Political Sciences " its point of departure relegates Political Economy to the former head , the Science of Finance to the latter ...
Page 10
... ground where these principles alone will no longer serve our purpose , and where recourse must be had to knowledge drawn from elsewhere . It is at this point that Jurisprudence , Economic Science , and Natural Science come in and demand ...
... ground where these principles alone will no longer serve our purpose , and where recourse must be had to knowledge drawn from elsewhere . It is at this point that Jurisprudence , Economic Science , and Natural Science come in and demand ...
Page 17
... ground Justi divides his work into two parts , the first of which treats of The Theory [ Lehre ] of the Maintenance and Augmentation of the Wealth [ Vermögen ] of the State ; the second , of The Theory of a Judicious Use of the Wealth ...
... ground Justi divides his work into two parts , the first of which treats of The Theory [ Lehre ] of the Maintenance and Augmentation of the Wealth [ Vermögen ] of the State ; the second , of The Theory of a Judicious Use of the Wealth ...
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Expressions et termes fréquents
administration Adolph Wagner afford aggregate amount assessment burden cadaster Cameralists canton canton of Zurich cent century character citizens civil class tax commonwealth concept consequence considerable constitution consumption taxes contrast contribution course demands discussion domains duty economic equity establishments estates excise exemption existing expediency expenditures expenses Finanzwissenschaft fiscal forms of taxation France German German Empire hand importance income tax increase indirect taxes individual industrial institutions justice labor land levied Lorenz von Stein matter means ment method million marks modern monopoly nature necessary object organization payment pecuniary Physiocrats political practical present principle progressive progressive taxation property tax Prussia public economy purpose question receipts regards relation result revenue royalty Science of Finance secs self-government serve single tax social tax legislation tax system taxes on consumption taxpayer thalers theory tion tobacco Zollverein
Fréquemment cités
Page 528 - A direct tax is one which is demanded from the very persons who, it is intended or desired, should pay it. Indirect taxes are those which are demanded from one person in the expectation and intention that he shall indemnify himself at the expense of another: such as the excise or customs.
Page 530 - The subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities ; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state.
Page 530 - Every tax ought to be so contrived as both to take out and to keep out of the pockets of the people as little as possible, over and above what it brings into the public treasury of the State.
Page 534 - Every tax ought to be levied at the time, or in the manner in which it is most likely to be convenient for the contributor to pay it.
Page 230 - ... right to insist upon. The contribution to the sinking fund which furnishes the occasion for expenditure in the purchase of bonds has been already made for the current year, so that there is no outlet in that direction. In the present state of legislation the only pretense of any existing executive power to restore at this time any part of our surplus revenues to the people by its expenditure consists in the supposition that the Secretary of the Treasury may enter the market and purchase the bonds...
Page 535 - An injudicious tax offers a great temptation to smuggling. But the penalties of smuggling must rise in proportion to the temptation. The law, contrary to all the ordinary principles of justice, first creates the temptation, and then punishes those who yield to it ; and it commonly enhances the punishment, too, in proportion to the very circumstance which ought certainly to alleviate it, the temptation to commit the crime.
Page 228 - American fairness and justice. This wrong inflicted upon those who bear the burden of national taxation, like other wrongs, multiplies a brood of evil consequences. The public Treasury, which should only exist as a conduit conveying the people's tribute to its legitimate objects of expenditure...
Page 530 - The tax which each individual is bound to pay ought to be certain and not arbitrary.
Page 229 - On the 3oth day of June, 1885, the excess of revenues over public expenditures, after complying with the annual requirement of the sinkingfund act, was $17,859,735.84; during the year ended June 30, 1886, such excess amounted to $49,405,545.20, and during the year ended June 30, 1887, it reached the sum of $55,567,849.54.
Page 228 - To the Congress of the United States: You are confronted at the threshold of your legislative duties with a condition of the national finances which imperatively demands immediate and careful consideration. The amount of money annually exacted, through the operation of present laws, from the industries and necessities of the people largely exceeds the sum necessary to meet the expenses of the Government. When we consider that the theory of our institutions guarantees to every citizen the full enjoyment...