Isotope Effects In Chemistry and BiologyThe field of isotope effects has expanded exponentially in the last decade, and researchers are finding isotopes increasingly useful in their studies. Bringing literature on the subject up to date, Isotope Effects in Chemistry and Biology covers current principles, methods, and a broad range of applications of isotope effects in the physical, biological, and environmental sciences. The authors first explain how kinetic, equilibrium, and anharmonic isotope effects are used to measure the ratio of reaction rates, the ratio between isotopes in thermodynamic equilibrium, and the geometric changes between molecules. The volume describes basic theories, including gas phase, simple condensed phase, small molecule studies, and applications of the Bigeleisen-Mayer theory before covering how isotopes affect molecular geometries, chemical bond breaking, formation and chemical dynamics, and hydrogen transfer. It explores novel, mass-independent isotope effects and problems encountered in hydrogen transfer, tunneling, and exchange. Authors also discuss isotope effects in organic and organometallic reactions and complex enzyme reactions and a unique chapter explores water isotope effects under pressure. Written by internationally recognized researchers from 13 countries, some chapters summarize the perspective of a well-established subject while others review recent findings and on-going research that occasionally present controversial viewpoints using clear scientific arguments and discussion presented by all relevant authors. Isotope Effects in Chemistry and Biology brings together a wide scope of different perspectives and practical developments and applications into a comprehensive reference of isotope effects that reflect the most current state of the art. |
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Table des matières
| 1 | |
| 41 | |
| 89 | |
| 119 | |
| 153 | |
Chapter 6 Isotope Effects on HydrogenBond Symmetrization in Ice and Strong Acids at High Pressure | 175 |
Chapter 7 Hydrogen Bond Isotope Effects Studied by NMR | 193 |
Single and DoubleWell Potential | 231 |
Chapter 24 Oxygen18 Isotope Effects as a Probe of Enzymatic Activation of Molecular Oxygen | 645 |
Chapter 25 Solution and Computational Studies of Kinetic Isotope Effects in Flavoprotein and Quinoprotein Catalyzed Substrate Oxidations as Probe... | 671 |
Chapter 26 Proton Transfer and Proton Conductivity in Condensed Matter Environment | 691 |
Chapter 27 Mechanisms of CHBond Cleavage Catalyzed by Enzymes | 725 |
Chapter 28 Kinetic Isotope Effects as Probes for Hydrogen Tunneling in Enzyme Catalysis | 743 |
Chapter 29 Hydrogen Bonds TransitionState Stabilization and Enzyme Catalysis | 765 |
Chapter 30 Substrate and pH Dependence of Isotope Effects in Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions | 793 |
Chapter 31 Catalysis by Alcohol Dehydrogenases | 811 |
Chapter 9 NMR Studies of Isotope Effects of Compounds with Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds | 253 |
Chapter 10 Vibrational Isotope Effects in Hydrogen Bonds | 281 |
Chapter 11 Isotope Selective Infrared Spectroscopy and Intramolecular Dynamics | 305 |
Chapter 12 NonmassDependent Isotope Effects | 361 |
Chapter 13 Isotope Effects in the Atmosphere | 387 |
Chapter 14 Isotope Effects for Exotic Nuclei | 417 |
Chapter 15 Muonium 8212 An UltraLight Isotope of Hydrogen | 433 |
Chapter 16 The Kinetic Isotope Effect in the PhotoDissociation Reaction of ExcitedState Acids in Aqueous Solutions | 451 |
Chapter 17 The Role of an InternalReturn Mechanism on Measured Isotope Effects | 465 |
Chapter 18 Vibrationally Enhanced Tunneling and Kinetic Isotope Effects in Enzymatic Reactions | 475 |
Chapter 19 Kinetic Isotope Effects for ProtonCoupled Electron Transfer Reactions | 499 |
Chapter 20 Kinetic Isotope Effects in Multiple Proton Transfer | 521 |
Chapter 21 Interpretation of Primary Kinetic Isotope Effects for Adiabatic and Nonadiabatic ProtonTransfer Reactions in a Polar Environment | 549 |
Chapter 22 Variational TransitionState Theory and Multidimensional Tunneling for Simple and Complex Reactions in the Gas Phase Solids Liquids a... | 579 |
Chapter 23 Computer Simulations of Isotope Effects in Enzyme Catalysis | 621 |
Chapter 32 Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure on Isotope Effects | 837 |
Proton Transfer through Intervening Water Molecules | 847 |
Chapter 34 Isotope Effects from Partitioning of Intermediates in EnzymeCatalyzed Hydroxylation Reactions | 861 |
Chapter 35 Chlorine Kinetic Isotope Effects on Biological Systems | 875 |
Chapter 36 Nucleophile Isotope Effects | 893 |
Chapter 37 Enzyme Mechanisms from Isotope Effects | 915 |
Applications of Isotopes and Isotope Effects | 931 |
Chapter 39 Secondary Isotope Effects | 955 |
Chapter 40 Isotope Effects in the Characterization of Low Barrier Hydrogen Bonds | 975 |
Chapter 41 Theory and Practice of Solvent Isotope Effects | 995 |
Chapter 42 Enzymatic Binding Isotope Effects and the Interaction of Glucose with Hexokinase | 1019 |
Index | 1055 |
| 1075 | |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Isotope Effects In Chemistry and Biology Amnon Kohen,Hans-Heinrich Limbach Aucun aperçu disponible - 2005 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
acid activation adiabatic anharmonicity approximation barrier benzene Bigeleisen Biochemistry calculations carbon catalytic Chem chemical shifts chemistry classical coefficient complex contribution correlation corresponding coupling constants deuterated deuterium deuterium isotope effects dissociation distance dynamics electron transfer energy surface enrichment enzyme catalysis Equation exchange excitation experimental Figure force constants free energy frequency geometries H-bond hydrogen bond hydrogen tunneling interaction intramolecular ionization isotope separation isotopic fractionation isotopologues isotopomers KIEs kinetic isotope effects Klinman laser liquid mass measured modes molecular molecules motion nuclear observed obtained oxidation oxygen parameters partition function phase Phys potential energy potential energy surface protein proton transfer proton vibrational quantum mechanical rate constant reactant reaction coordinate resonance solution solvent spectra spectroscopy structure studies substrate symmetric temperature dependence theoretical theory transfer reactions transition transition state theory transition-state Truhlar values vibrationally VPIE zero-point energy
Fréquemment cités
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Page 495 - Stratoscope is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, the National Science Foundation, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Page 381 - DE-AC02-76CH00016 with the US Department of Energy and supported by its Division of Chemical Sciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The present paper is an extension of an earlier paper [2d] from which the two "reaction schemes
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Page 249 - Proton, deuterium and tritium nuclear magnetic resonance of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Isotope effects and the shape of the potential energy function, J.
Page 515 - Oxygen activation and the conservation of energy in cell respiration. Nature, 356, 302-309.
Page 348 - Molecular spectra and molecular structure, infrared and Raman, spectra of polyatomic molecules, New York, 1949.
Page 515 - Structure, dynamics and energy conversion efficiency in photosystem II", in Oxygenic Photosynthesis: The light reactions, Ort, DR and Yocum, CF, Eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1996, pp.
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