life during the bloody wars which it waged. "Waterloo" continues they of Joseph "The Conscript," down to the final overthrow of Napoleon. The battle of Waterloo is here pictured by the hand of a master. The whole scene is made real to you. The eye takes in every minute detail, every move of the contending armies, every part of the field made forever memorable by the events of that day. So real and life-like is the simple story of the soldier that. you feel that you personally witnessed and took a part in the sanguinary conflict. The novels of these twin authors serve to intensify one's horror of war, strip it of that false glory which Napoleon shed around it, and make the massesof the people at least see that war is opposed to their best interests. We are not surprised to learn that they have had a very perceptible influence in France, where they have achieved an immense success, in lessening the veneration felt in the common mind for the memory of the "hero of a hundred battles." Fishing in American Waters. By GEONIO SCOTT. With 170 illustrations. Harper & Brothers. 8vo. pp. 484. This can not fail to be a popular and standard work on this fashionable and health-improving recreation. It is full of matter, curious, amusing, and informing, respecting the various piscatory tribes, and is lavishly illustrated by a superior class of engravings. We advise our readers, if they have no time for angling, or are opposed to it on conscientious or humane grounds, not to buy this book. The sight of it-so artistically beautiful and so fascinating in description-we fear a temptation will be too great for human nature to bear. FICTION. Of the making of novels there is certainly no end. Dull as the book trade in general may be, there is a strong and ceaseless tide of fiction setting in upon society. Not content with what native pens can produce, England, France, Germany, Sweden, and even Russia, are laid under contribution. And as the current product of all the world fails to satsify the inordinate demand, our great publishers are vieing with each other in the extent and rapidity with which they are reproducing, in every conceivable style, the creations of the old masters of fiction. We have not space so much as to name, much less criticise, the multitude of novels-good, bad and indifferent,. original and reprints, in all styles of binding and grades of mechanical execution, most of them marvels of cheapness-which three months have gathered upon our table. Among the new editions of old writers specially worthy of note, we name the Messrs. Harpers' editions of the complete writings of THACKERAY and CHARLES READE; the Messrs. Fields, Osgood & Co.'s neat and compact edition of the same, and the Messrs. D. Appleton & Co.'s edition of the Waverly Novels. The most noteworthy new novel of the quarter is unquestionably Villa Eden, by AUERBACH, the foremost living novelist of Germany, rival editions of which have been published by Leypoldt & Holt, of this city, and Roberts Brothers, of Boston. It is a work of decided literary merit-very unlike and yet equal in interest and power to "On the Heights,"-free from sensational elements, and healthy in moral tone, but infidel and even atheistic in a religious point of view. Two of his earlier works have also appeared here-Black Forest Village Stories, which established his reputation in Germany, and Edelweiss. Problematical Characters, by FRIEDRICH SPIELHAGEN, a German writer of great reputation (Leypoldt & Holt). Warwick, by MANSFIELD TRACY WALWORTH; an American tale, thoroughly sen ational yet ably written, though as unreal in all its characters as the "Arabian Nights" (G. W. Carleton). A Stranded Ship, by L. CLARKE DAVIS; overwrought and lacking in every element of a good story (G. P. Putnam & Son). Oldtinen Folks, by HARRIET BEECHER STOWE; a vivid picture of New England life sixty years ago, but hardly truthful in all its representations of the religious faith and teachers of that period (Fields, Osgood & Co). Malbone; An Oldport Romance, by THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON; one of the best American stories we have read, republished from the Atlantic Monthly. Stretton, by HENRY KINGSLEY; mere rubbish (Harper & Brothers, also Ley. poldt & Holt). Kathleen, by the author of "Raymond's Heroine;" a very stupid story. Breaking a Butterfly, by the author of "Guy Livingstone;" a story worth the reading. For Her Sake, and Poor Humanity, by FREDERICK W. ROBINSON. The Sacristan's Household, by the author of "Mable's Progress." He Knew He Was Right; as good as anything ANTHONY TROL LOPE has ever written. Phineas Finn, the same author. That Boy of Norcott's, by CHARLES LEVER. My Daughter Elinor; a powerfully-written novel descriptive of American society, by an anonymous author (all from the prolific press of the Messrs. Harper). The Dead Guest, by HEINRICH ZSCHOKKE; a brief and mysterious story. And The Lost Manuscript, by GUSTAV FREYTAG; somewhat in the style of the Mühlbach novels. Both from the German (D. Appleton & Co). ART. X.-THEOLOGICAL AND LITERARY INTELLIGENCE. ITALY. [This intelligence was received at the last moment from our associate, Prof. HENRY B. SMITH, who, under date of La Tour, Piedmont, June 10th, writes what we know will give pleasure to his numerous anxious friends: "I am gaining day by day in health and strength in these old Waldensian valleys, which I have always so longed to see. The country is charming... I am getting to climb hills and ride donkeys, etc. I begin to feel some surer hope of being quite well again. J. M. S."] The second volume of the new edition of the Vatican Codex is promised for June. The other four volumes will appear at intervals of ten months. Though this Roman edition is much more carefully edited than was that of Cardinal Mai, yet it is doubtful whether it can be considered as final. The Codex is not perfectly reproduced. Some of the marginal readings (supposed by the editors to be of late date, or to be worthless), are altogether omitted in this edition of the text, and are to be reproduced only in the last (the 6th) volume of the work, which is to contain the critical notes, tables, and other apparatus. Thus it will be a long time before scholars can be put into possession of the whole MS.; and even then they will not have it just as it is— which is what they want. The most distinguished living Roman controversialist, Perrone, of the Roman College, has recently published a little book, badly got up, on The Protestants in Italy-directed against the new schemes of evangelization, and especially against the Waldenses. It is simply a repetition of the old abuse and misrepresentation of Protestantism, made somewhat more piquant by the new times. Rome is aggrieved and astonished at the "cloud of witnesses" which is rising up all over Italy, and thronging around the Eternal Citysoon, though not without one stout struggle more, to enter into the only capital Italy can have. The Waldensian preachers and evangelists, bearing the very names of the old martyrs (as if risen from the dead), are everywhere preaching the gospel for which their fathers were imprisoned and slain-or shut up among the hills. From these old, consecrated hills they are coming down, with peaceful banners, to evangelize the plains, now thrown wide open. The subject of the projected Council, called at Rome, is acquiring increased interest, and its probable programme, influence and result, are sharply debated. Some say, that the opposition to its supposed aims is already so decided, especially among many French and German bishops, that it will be found expedient to postpone it indefinitely. It seems to be generally supposed that Rome wants the Syllabus sanctioned, and the personal infallibility of the Pope pronounced; and it is even reported that Cardinal Manning is to take the lead in advocating this personal infallibility, and Archbishop Dupanloup in opposition to it. The Italian Government, and all liberal Catholics, are opposed to the holding of the Council: and this opposition is expressed, not only in the public newspapers, but also in special pamphlets. I have before me a pamphlet of some forty pages, entitled, The Ecumenical Council and the Rights of the State-written in the interest of the Italian Government, by an ecclesiastic of high standing in northern Italy (printed in Florence, published in French, with the name of a Paris publisher on the cover), ably advocating the position that, according to the law and precedents of the (R. C.) Church, no council can be considered as general which is not convoked by the civil, as well as by the ecclesiastical authority. In the north of Italy there is undoubtedly a growing opposition to the Papal pretensions. Milan feels the need of its old, relative independence. Several of the bishoprics, whose incumbents are deceased, are now filled by vicars (since Pope and King cannot agree); and these vicars are generally favorable to the national cause. Great changes are undoubtedly rapidly going on. The fourth centenary of the birth of Macchiavelli, was celebrated at Florence on the 3d of May. It was a quiet and well-arranged festival, but had nothing of the character of a popular demonstration. Macchiavelli's monument was visited in the church of Santa Croce (the Westminster Abbey of Tuscany); then his house was thronged; in the afternoon there were festivities in the gardens. Oricellari, in the coming MS. translation of the Andrea of Terence, was produced at one of the theatres, and there was also a public exposition of his manuscripts and of the various editions of his works, in the halls of the Uffizi. The celebration was made to have a semi-political character, adapted to our times, by representing Macchiavelli as a leader in the cause of Italian independence and unity. This is signified in the inscription upon the marble tablet which was set up for the occasion on Macchiavelli's house, viz.: "A. NICCOLO MACCHIAVELLI, Della Unita Nazionale Precorritore audace ed indovino L'Italia Una ed Armata Quarta di lui Centenario." The municipal government of Florence also offer a considerable prize for the best work on his life and times, the manuscript to be sent to Terenzio Mainiari, Senator and President of the Commission, by the last of December, 1871. The extracts which the Italian journals have recently published from his works, show an almost prophetic sagacity as to the needs of Italy. One of the Florence journals severely criticised Macaulay's well-known essay on Macchiavelli, and accused him of palpable blunders in translation; but it appears that the blunders were made by the Italian translator of Macaulay's essay, translating the English version back into the original Italian. ENGLAND. In Oriental literature a kind of epoch is marked by the appearance of the first volume of Max Müller's translation of The Sacred Hymns of the Brah mins as presented to us in the Oldest Collection of Religious Poetry, The Rig Veda Sanhita. Volume I. comprises Hymns to the Marats, or Storm Gods, with ample illustrations by the learned editor. Professor M. concentrates in the Vedas the results of his life-long studies, and his edition of the original texts, executed at the expense of the East India Company, forms one of the most colossal monuments of learned labor that even Teutonic perseverance has produced. Equally strong in modern English and in ancient Sanscrit, he brings to the task of translation, advantages that it is impossible any earlier scholar could possess, and we may expect from his work a clearer intelligence of the first recorded utterances of our race than has ever yet been obtained. The entire translation will form eight volumes in octavo. Other important books on Eastern history and antiquity, are the new volumes of Mr. Talboy Wheeler's History of India from the Earliest Ages. It includes a full analysis of the great Sanscrit Epic Poem The Ramayana, treating it in connection with the Brahminic period, as his first volume comprised the sister epic, The Maha Bharata and the Vedic Era. The History of India, as told by its own historians during the Mohammedan period, by Sir Henry Elliot and Prof. Dowson, has been continued by a second volume, and will be completed in a third. The first volume of a new edition of the Works of Archbishop Leighton, embracing his Sermons and Charges, and many pieces now first published, has been issued from the London press. So many errors have crept into the printed copies of Leighton's writings, that the work now appearing will be found "rather a new book than a new edition." The editor, who has been many years engaged in the work, is the Rev. Wm. West, one of the leaders of the Ritualistic party. The edition will comprise six volumes. Mr. E. Deutsch, of the British Museum, author of that article on The Talmud," in the Quarterly Review, which attracted great attention last year, was sent to examine the explorations in Jerusalem, and, the Athenæum says, "has returned to London from his Eastern journey, not only richer, generally, in knowledge of Semitic countries, but with curious additions to the special knowledge of scholars in Semitic antiquities. Mr. Deutsch has deciphered the inscriptions on the great stones' of the Temple platform, and finds them to be Phoenician masons' marks. Thus, we have an end of all doubts as to the original builders of that side of the Temple wall. They were of the age of Solomon, and probably the craftsmen of Hiram, King of Tyre. Mr. Deutsch has also recovered the lost letters of the Maccabean Hebrew alphabet. Two such finds' rarely fall to the lot of a single traveller. UNITED STATES. The Life of Sir William Hamilton, By Prof. VEITCH, just published in London, is a memoir that will be read with great interest in this country, where he was earlier appreciated than at home. The appendix contains an interesting paper from Prof. Noah Porter, of Yale College, on the influence of his writings in America. It appears that his studies were pursued under the pressure of narrow circumstances; that he was obliged to seek from the uncongenial profession of law the means that his own line of research failed to afford him; and when almost disabled by paralysis, he in vain applied for a pension from Government as a recognition of his services; all he could at last obtain was the pittance of £100 a year for his life. His common-place book was a folio of 1,200 pages, "made up and bound by his own hands." Another remarkable biographical work which has just made its appearance, (1,100 pp.) is John Forster's, Walter Savage Landor, embracing, besides a sketch of his life, an ample analysis and full specimens of his writings. Thomas Carlyle. Messrs. Scribner, Welford & Co., are bringing out an entirely new edition of the whole of Mr. Carlyle's works, to be completed in 30 vols. It has been carefully revised by the author. and handsomely printed in 8vo., with portraits, maps, etc. The first four volumes are now ready, and one will appear regularly on the 15th of each month. The new works just received by Scribner & Welford include many of marked interest. In the department of " Philosophy, Theology, and Religion," there are Eadie's new Commentary on Galatians; Five Years in a Protestant Sisterhood, and Ten Years in a Catholic Convent; Jenkins's Age of the Martyrs; a new supply of Alfred's Greek New Testament, and Waddington's Congregational History. In History and Biography, there are John Forster's Life of Walter Savage Landor, and Veitch's Memoir of Sir William Hamilton. Poetry and Fiction are represented by William Morris's Grettis Saga, and by Thackeray's Ballads and Tales, the latest volume of this superb and uniform Library Edition which is now rapidly approaching its conclusion. All the other departments, of literature are fully sustained, as an inspection of Messrs. Scribner & Welford's amply stored shelves will show. THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN REVIEW. THIRD SERIES. No. IV.-OCTOBER, 1869. ART. I.-BIBLE WORDS FOR SALVATION. By Prof. TAYLER LEWIS, Union College. In the examination of such a subject, the most suggestive passage with which to commence is Acts ii, 47: 0′ dè núpros προσετίθει τοὺς ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ καθ ̓ ἡμέραν τῇ ἐκuλnoía; rendered, "And God added daily to the Church of such as should be saved." This gives the idea of a future or prospective salvation, viewed as decreed or determined, and so it has been doctrinally regarded. Thus, Matthew Henry says: "Those whom God has designed for eternal salvation, shall, one time or other, be effectually brought to Christ." The doctrine is true, but it is not taught in this place. To say nothing now of any considerations arising out of the etymological and proper meaning of the verb o2, such a rendering, and such an interpretation, are irreconcilable with the present imperfect, or continuous, participle, which can never be rendered salvandi, or salvi fierent, as the Vulgate and Calvin have it. It can mean nothing else than "those who are being saved," if we may use a form of speech which has been condemned, but which is among the necessities of our language. The Greek participle denotes a process, or present action, now going on, or a present state now having contin uance. |