The Oxfam Handbook of Development and Relief, Volume 2Oxfam, 1995 - 216 pages This handbook is the product of the experience of Oxfam UK and Ireland in its work in over 70 countries around the world. It offers an expression of Oxfam's fundamental principles: that all the people have the right to an equitable share in the world's resources, and the right to make decisions about their own development. The denial of such rights is at the heart of poverty and suffering. This reference work analyzes policy, procedure and practice in such fields as health, human rights, emergency relief, capacity-building and agricultural production. |
Expressions et termes fréquents
activities affected Africa agencies agricultural Alternative trading organisations anal cleansing animals appropriate areas assessment Bangladesh beekeeping birth planning context contraception crops cultural developing countries diarrhoea diseases drugs economic emergency ensure environmental example existing facilities farmers farming fish fish farming fishworkers forest funds gender Grameen Bank groups health education health programmes health services health workers household immunisation impact important improve income increase infections inputs interventions involved iodine deficiency Key questions kwashiorkor labour land latrines livelihoods livestock malaria malnutrition materials measles needs Nepal NGOs nutrition organisations Oxfam supports participation particularly pastoralists people's policies poor population poverty practices problems production refugees relief require responsibility risk role rural sanitation sector skills small-scale industries social sources specific sustainable traditional trees UNHCR urban vaccines vulnerable water supply women
Fréquemment cités
Page 843 - January 1951 and owing to a wellfounded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country...
Page 847 - It is prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or may be expected, to cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the natural environment.
Page 631 - Primary health care is essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination.
Page 847 - Ordering the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand; ix.
Page 847 - ... those which employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective; or c) those which employ a method or means of combat the effects of which cannot be limited as required by this Protocol; and consequently, in each such case, are of a nature to strike military objectives and civilians or civilian objects without distinction.
Page 847 - An attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated.
Page 847 - It is prohibited to attack, destroy, remove or render useless objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as foodstuffs, agricultural areas for the production of foodstuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installations and supplies and irrigation works...
Page 633 - ... education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them; promotion of food supply and proper nutrition, an adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation; maternal and child health care, including family planning; immunization against the major infectious diseases; prevention and control of locally endemic diseases; appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries; and provision of essential drugs; 4.
Page 847 - Among others, the following types of attacks are to be considered as indiscriminate: an attack by bombardment by any methods or means which treats as a single military objective a number of clearly separated and distinct military objectives located in a city, town, village...
Page 847 - In case of doubt whether an object which is normally dedicated to civilian purposes, such as a place of worship, a house or other dwelling or a school, is being used to make an effective contribution to military action, it shall be presumed not to be so used.