Catastrophe Theory

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Springer Science & Business Media, 6 déc. 2012 - 150 pages
This well-known booklet, now in its third, expanded edition, provides an informal survey of applications of singularity theory in a wide range of areas. Although the first few chapters touch briefly (and critically) on theThom-Zeeman catastrophe theory, most of the book is concerned with more recent and less controversial aspects, covering such topics as: bifurcations and stability loss, wavefront propagation, the distribution of matter in the universe, optimization and control problems, visible contours,bypassing an obstacle, symplectic and contact geometry, complex singularities, and the surprising connections between singularities and widely disparate mathematical objects such as regular polyhedra and reflection groups. Readers familiar with the previous editions will find much that is new. Results have been brought up to date, and among the new or expanded topics discussed are delayed loss of stability, cascades of period doublings and triplings, shock waves, implicit differential equationsand folded singularities, interior scattering, and more. Three new sections give an overview of the history of singularity theory and its applications from Leonardo da Vinci to modern times, a discussion of perestroika in terms of the theory of metamorphoses, and a list of 93 problems touching on most of the subject matter in the book. The text is enhanced by fifteen new drawings (there are now 87 in all) and improvements to old ones. The already extensive literature list has been updated and expanded. As a result, the book has been enlarged by almost a third. Arnol'd's goal with this edition remains the same: to explain the essence of the results and applications to readers having a minimal mathematical background. All that he asks, is that the reader have an inquiring mind.
 

Table des matières

Singularities Bifurcations and Catastrophes
1
Whitneys Singularity Theory
3
Applications of Whitneys Theory
7
A Catastrophe Machine
10
Bifurcations of Equilibrium States
14
Loss of Stability of Equilibrium and of SelfOscillating Modes of Behaviour
20
Singularities of the Stability Boundary and the Principle of the Fragility of Good Things
31
Caustics Wave Fronts and Their Metamorphoses
33
Smooth Surfaces and Their Projections
67
The Problem of Bypassing an Obstacle
75
Symplectic and Contact Geometry
79
Complex Singularities
89
The Mysticism of Catastrophe Theory
102
Appendix The Precursors of Catastrophe Theory
108
Conclusion
114
Problems
119

The LargeScale Distribution of Matter in the Universe
45
the Maximum Function
49
Singularities of the Boundary of Attainability
53
References
129
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