L. 1, 10s. to L. 1, 15s. per acre Scotch, but some parts are let at nearly L. 3. The gross rental of the parish has been much more than doubled within the last forty years, and may now be reckoned at L. 4200.

Wages. The wages of regular farm servants may be stated as follows: Males, from L. 7 to L. 10 per half year, with bed, board, and washing; females, from L. 2 to L. 5, according to their fitness for work. The rate of wages for day-labourers is 2s. per day in summer, and in winter 1s. 8d., without victuals.

Live-Stock.-The number of milch cows in the parish may amount to 350. They are all of the Ayrshire breed, and the farmers generally rear a few young cattle yearly. The farm-horses are of the Clydesdale breed, and are for the most part first rate animals, and kept in excellent condition. Of these, there are from two to six on each farm, according to its extent.

Husbandry. In few places has there been a more rapid improvement in husbandry, and so well is the greater part of the land cultivated, that, notwithstanding the elevation of the parish, and some natural disadvantages of soil, we have excellent crops of all sorts. Improvements are still progressing, particularly in the way of draining, which is carried on in many of the farms to the extent of from 1500 to 3000 falls annually. Furrow-draining is most approved of, and tiles have been much used for the purpose within the last few years. Each farm is divided into fields proportionable to its size, and intersected with roads convenient for the carting of manure, and the removal of the crops. The fences are for the most part of thorn, but occasionally with a mixture of beech. They have been much better attended to of late years, and, along with the quantity of young thriving wood, and the natural diversity of hill and dale, give a richness and beauty to the general aspect of the parish to which, thirty years ago, it was a stranger. The general rotation of crops is, 1. oats; 2. greencrop, with a portion of the field in summer fallow; 3. wheat; 4. hay; and then three years pasture. The cropping is so managed as to make the pasture always extend to fully one-third of the farm, the produce of the dairy forming a great proportion of the income of the farmer, without which it would be impossible for him to make good his rent. Since green cropping became general, many of the farmers make a point of having several of their cows yielding milk during winter, in order to increase their supply of manure. Notwithstanding this, a considerable quantity of

the manure used in the parish is brought annually from Glasgow, at a very great expense. The average size of the farms is 115 acres Scotch.

Leases. The general length of leases is nineteen years.

Farm-Houses. Some of the farm-houses are very superior, and, with few exceptions, they are all in good condition, having been lately either wholly rebuilt, or put into complete repair.

V.-PAROCHIAL ECONOMY.

Means of Communication, &c.-The nearest market-town is Rutherglen, which is about three miles and a half distant. There are seven fairs in this town annually, and several of these are frequented by our farmers for the sale and purchase of horses and COWS. The chief market resort, however, for the above purposes, and the place also where the farm produce of all kinds is mostly disposed of, is Glasgow. The village of Carmunnock containing a population of 400 souls, is the only village in the parish quoad civilia. The village of Busby, formerly alluded to as in part annexed, quoad sacra, is distant from Carmunnock about one mile and a quarter, and has recently been privileged with a penny-post from Glasgow, which has proved a great convenience to the surrounding district. In the village of Carmunnock, there are 3 grocers, two of whom are also publicans. Besides these, there are 2 other public-houses, 2 wrights, 1 tailor, 1 smith and farrier, 2 carriers, and about 15 day-labourers. The remaining population of the village is chiefly composed of hand-loom weavers. In the country part of the parish, (which is otherwise wholly agricultural,) there are 1 wright, 1 smith and farrier, and I miller.

There is only one turnpike road within the whole parochial district, extending to about three miles and a-half, and without any public coach. The Glasgow and Muirkirk road, however, passes along the eastern boundary of the parish, and is travelled by a coach from Strathaven three times a week. The parish roads are, generally speaking, in good order.

Ecclesiastical State.-The church is in the middle of the village, and very conveniently situated for the parishioners. It was built in 1767, and underwent considerable repairs last year. It is upon the whole neat and comfortable, when compared with most country parish churches of the date of its erection, and may accommodate from 450 to 500. There is no Dissenting meeting-house in the parish, and there are very few Dissenters, except in the village of Carmunnock. These, too, are for the most part persons who, at a

time of political excitement, and the agitation of the question about the lawfulness of National Religious Establishments, have only recently gone to the meeting-house of a Dissenting minister of voluntary principles in the neighbourhood. The number of communicants belonging to the Established Church is from 240 to 250. The church is well attended.*

Number of families in the parish attending the Established Church :

In the parish quoad civilia,
Do. quoad sacra,

Number of families Dissenting or Seceding :

In the parish quoad civilia,

101

21

122

38

18

56

Stipend, Manse, &c.- Carmunnock is one of the small livings of the Church of Scotland. The stipend by a decreet of modifications of date 28th June 1797, consists of 94 bolls, 1 peck, 24 lippies of meal, 23 bolls, 2 firlots, 3 pecks, 14 lippy of bear, and in money L. 15, 6s. 44d. To the above, there is now added by the Exchequer, for raising the stipend to an average of L. 150 per annuin, the sum of L. 39, 10s. 10d. The heritors have lately built a very elegant and substantial manse, and the offices, which stand in need of some slight repairs, are immediately to be attended to. The glebe is scarcely 5 acres in extent, but of an excel

lent soil.

Education. The only school in the parish is the parochial one, where instruction is given in all the usual branches. The schoolmaster has the maximum salary, and the school-fees average L. 40 per annum. Till within these few years, the schoolmaster had neither house nor garden, but received an annual sum in lieu of them. The heritors, however, lately purchased a piece of ground for him, and erected both an excellent school-house and dwelling

* Succession of Ministers in Carmunnock.-Mr Andrew Hamilton, vicar 1586; Mr James Hamilton, reader and vicar 1586; Mr Archibald Glen, from Rutherglen, admitted 27th April 1603; Mr Robert Glen, 23d August 1614; Mr James Mowbrae, 27th November 1622, and removed by the Archbishop in 1633; Mr James Hutcheson, from Houston, admitted 7th December 1633, and deposed 1639; Mr Matthew M'Kaill, admitted 17th May 1640, and went to Bothwell 1649; Mr Andrew Myrton (Morton) admitted 8th May 1650, turned out at the Restoration, and reinstated at the Revolution, died July 1691; Mr Robert Boyd, during the deposition of Myrton, 18th January 1665; Mr Andrew Tait, admitted 22d March 1695; Mr John Kerr ordained 3d May 1744, and died 24th April 1775; Mr Joseph Hodgson, ordained 30th May 1776, died 6th December 1785; Mr James French, ordained 21st September 1786, and translated to Kilbride 21st April 1791; Mr Adam Forman, ordained 26th January 1792, and translated to Kirkintilloch 6th June 1811; Mr (now Dr) Angus Makellar, ordained 30th April 1812. and translated to Pencaitland 29th June 1814; Mr (now Dr) Patrick Clason, ordained 11th May 1815, and translated to Buccleuch parish, Edinburgh, April 1824; Mr John Henderson, ordained 22d July

house, and he has now not only all the legal accommodations, but the whole educational establishment does much credit to those concerned. The school-house has a play-ground in front, an appendage that should always be looked upon as a sine qua non.

Poor and Parochial Funds.-The average number of poor on the permanent roll may be stated at five. Besides these, however, occasional relief is annually afforded to many whose circumstances for a time require it, and in no place are the wants of the poor more zealously attended to, or more liberally supplied. The weekly collections at the church door average L. 20 per annum, and in addition to this source of aid, the poor derive assistance from several mortifications made at different periods for their behoof, the interest of which is L.25 per annum. We have no assessment, nor is there any prospect of one ever being required. There are frequent collections at the church door for charitable and religious purposes, which may amount to from L. 25 to L. 30 per annum.

Fairs.-There was at one time an annual fair held in the village of Carmunnock, on the first Friday of June, but it has now gone into complete desuetude.

MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS.

• The above statistics have reference solely to the parish of Carmunnock quoad civilia, except when mention is expressly made of those portions of territory annexed quoad sacra, a more full account of which is likely to be furnished by those ministers to whose parishes they belong quoad civilia. The most marked improvement since the publication of the last Statistical Account is beyond question, that which is connected with the agricultural state of the parish, and its consequent increase of yearly rental. It might have been mentioned on the subject of longevity, that the writer of this account was once present at a funeral in the parish, where there were present the father of the deceased, one of the grandfathers, and the two great grandfathers; and though this was ten years ago, they are all alive at the present day.

July 1839.

PARISH OF CAMBUSNETHAN.

PRESBYTERY OF HAMILTON, SYNOD OF GLASGOW AND AYR. THE REV. ARCHIBALD LIVINGSTONE, MINISTER.

I. TOPOGRAPHY AND NATURAL HISTORY. Name.-CAMUS, in the Gaelic language, signifies a bay or curve. There are two fine bendings of the river Clyde, from either of which the name may have arisen; the one at Garrion, below the junction of the Nethan and the Clyde; and the other at the old church, which is said to have been dedicated to Saint Nethan, whom Archbishop Usher styles, "Religiosissimus et Doctissimus Nethan."

Extent, Boundaries. The parish is in shape somewhat like a parallelogram, or rather like a sand-glass, and stretches from east to west. Its length from the old kirk on the Clyde, at the west, to Badallan beside Breich Water on the east, is nearly 12 miles. The widest place at the west end, from Garrion on the south, to Calder near Swinstie on the north, is 4 miles and 1 furlong; and the widest place on the east, from Aughterhead on the south, to Calder at Dykehead on the north, is nearly the same. In the centre from Bogside on the south, to Bridgend on the north, it is scarcely 2 miles.

The parish is bounded by Shotts on the north; Whitburn and West Calder, on the east ; Carnwath, Carstairs, and Carluke, on the south; and Dalserf, Hamilton, Dalzell, and Bothwell, on the west.

Hydrography.-The South Calder rises in the moorland grounds near Tarrymuck in Linlithgowshire, and, pursuing a westerly course, forms the northern boundary between this parish and Shotts for upwards of nine miles. In the eastern parts of its course, it runs through an open exposed country; but for many miles before it falls into the Clyde, its banks are steep, richly covered with wood, highly romantic, and interspersed with many gentlemen's seats.

Lingore Linn, Kitchen Linn, Darmead Linn, and Leadloch Burn, which fall into Breich Water, are considerable streams at the east end of the parish. Blindburn, Coalburn, and the stream which issues from Redmyre Loch, fall into the Calder nearer its centre. Auch