Quantifying Human Information ProcessingDennis K. McBride, Dylan Schmorrow Lexington Books, 2005 - 270 pages Rapid advances in IT that allow complex information to be presented in high volume and density are challenging human ability to absorb and analyze data as never before. Designing technologies and systems to provide optimal sensory information to human users will be increasingly important. But to do this, quantitative relationships between brain behavior at a molecular level and observable human behavior must be better identified. This was previously considered to be a futuristic, and somewhat unrealistic, goal, however, recent advances in cognitive neuroscience have provided new opportunities for researchers. Refinements in imaging technology and simulation tools, and the learning yielded from them, provided the Quantifying Human Information Processing (QHIP) research teams strong starting points from which to further assess the ability to quantify human information processing. Led by experts in psychology, cognitive science, and information processing, among other fields, researchers sought to quantify the information flow in the nervous system, the limits of that flow, and how it is affected by emotions. The QHIP effort looked at specific aspects of the brain's information processing ability including measuring task-related and unrelated thought, assessing mental workload, and finding optimal information processing. The researchers found important indicators of both the capacity and limits of the human brain, and offer new ways to think about the brain. This work is a valuable contribution to the fields of psychology, neuroscience, and cognition, and will serve as a resource for human factors engineers designing the next generation of information, safety, analysis, and control systems because it starts to answer how to maximize information processing without overloading the central nervous system. |
Table des matières
The Quantification of Human Information Processing | 3 |
Role of Memory in Visual Search A Brief Review of a Developing Literature | 45 |
Quantifying Human Information Processing QHIP Can Practice Effects Alleviate Bottlenecks? | 65 |
Neural and Genetic Assays of Human Mental Workload | 125 |
Time Emotion and the Limits to Human Information Processing | 159 |
Individual Differences in Information Processing | 179 |
Measuring TaskRelated and TaskUnrelated Thoughts | 197 |
Quantification of Rapid Decision Making | 235 |
247 | |
About the Contributors | 265 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
acquisition action potential activation adults allele anterior cingulate cortex assessment associated auditory automatic Beginner behavioral blood flow cells central cerebral Cerebral Cortex changes cingulate cortex cognitive neuroscience components correlates cortical daydreaming DLPFC dual-task emotional encoding environment example extraversion Figure fixated fMRI focus frontal cortex frontal gyrus function functional MRI gene gene dose genetic Hancock human brain human factors human information processing human performance increased individual differences influence information elements information-processing input interaction involved learning locations measure mechanisms memory task mental workload middle frontal gyrus motor neo-cortex nervous system neural neuroimaging neuron neurotransmitter paradigm Parasuraman parietal participants potential precuneus prefrontal cortex QHIP Quantifying Human Information Raichle regions response Review role saccade Science sensory sensory system signal skill spatial specific stimulus structure sustained attention synapses target task performance temporal theory time-cost metric tion trials TUTS visual search