Epidemics and Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human HistoryHays (history, Loyola U. Chicago) describes, in a style accessible to high school students and up, the history of 50 epidemics in world history, from an unspecified disease that swept through Athens in 430-427 BC to a number of epidemics still plaguing the world today. Each chapter is organized into sections describing "when and where," historical significance, background, how it was understood at the time, responses, and unresolved historical issues. Each chapter also includes references and suggested additional readings. Also includes information on Aedes Aegypti, American Indians, antibiotics, Asia, asymptomatic carriers, bleeding, blood, burial considerations, children, China, contagion, diet, dysentery, economic circumstances, environmental considerations, fleas, flies, germ theory, will of gods, Waldemar Haffkine, humors, immunity, infants, inoculations, Islam, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch, laws, miasmas, microorganisms, migration, military affairs, morality, morbidity, mortality, mosquitoes, New York, pilgrimages, political impact, population levels, poverty, public health policies, quarantines, race, rehydration, religion, rodents, sanitation, slavery, social conditions, syphilis, trade considerations, transportation, rural areas, urban areas, vaccinations, venereal diseases, Vibrio cholerae, virgin soil infection, water contamination, women, World Health Organization, World War I, Yersinia pestis, etc. |
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Table des matières
29 FOURTH CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18631875 | 267 |
30 CARRIÓNS DISEASE IN PERU 18701871 | 281 |
31 SMALLPOX IN EUROPE 18701875 | 287 |
32 MEASLES IN FIJI 1875 | 297 |
33 FIFTH CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18811896 | 303 |
34 INFLUENZA PANDEMIC 18891890 | 315 |
35 CHOLERA EPIDEMIC IN HAMBURG 1892 | 321 |
36 THIRD PLAGUE PANDEMIC 1894? | 331 |
| 79 | |
10 EPIDEMICS AND THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 16181648 | 97 |
11 PLAGUE IN ITALIAN CITIES 1630s | 103 |
12 EPIDEMICS IN CHINA 16401644 | 113 |
13 PLAGUE IN LONDON 1665 | 119 |
14 SMALLPOX IN ICELAND 17071709 | 131 |
15 PLAGUE IN MARSEILLES 17201722 | 135 |
16 SMALLPOX IN BOSTON 1721 | 143 |
17 SMALLPOX IN EIGHTEENTHCENTURY EUROPE | 151 |
18 PLAGUE IN MOSCOW 1771 | 163 |
19 INFLUENZA PANDEMIC 17811782 | 171 |
20 YELLOW FEVER IN HISPANIOLA 17931804 | 177 |
21 YELLOW FEVER IN PHILADELPHIA 1793 | 185 |
22 FIRST CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18171824 | 193 |
23 CONSUMPTION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY | 201 |
24 SECOND CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18271835 | 211 |
25 THIRD CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18391856 | 227 |
26 FEVERS AND THE GREAT FAMINE IN IRELAND 18461850 | 239 |
27 TYPHOID FEVER IN CITIES 18501920 | 249 |
28 YELLOW FEVER IN NEW ORLEANS 1853 | 259 |
37 SIXTH CHOLERA PANDEMIC 18991923 | 345 |
38 SLEEPING SICKNESS IN EAST CENTRAL AFRICA 19001905 | 355 |
39 TYPHOID MARYS EPIDEMICS | 363 |
40 CHOLERA EPIDEMIC IN NAPLES 19101911 | 369 |
41 POLIOMYELITIS IN THE UNITED STATES 1916 | 377 |
42 INFLUENZA PANDEMIC 19181919 | 385 |
43 LUNG CANCER IN THE UNITED STATES MIDTWENTIETH CENTURY | 397 |
44 POLIOMYELITIS IN THE UNITED STATES 19451955 | 411 |
45 SEVENTH CHOLERA PANDEMIC 1961PRESENT | 421 |
46 AIDS IN THE UNITED STATES 1980s | 427 |
47 CONTEMPORARY AIDS PANDEMIC | 439 |
48 THE MAD COW CRISIS AND TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES 1985PRESENT | 449 |
49 CONTEMPORARY MALARIA | 457 |
50 CONTEMPORARY TUBERCULOSIS | 465 |
EPILOGUE | 473 |
SOME GENERAL BOOKS ON EPIDEMICS | 479 |
GLOSSARY | 481 |
INDEX | 485 |
ABOUT THE AUTHOR | 513 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
Africa AIDS American appeared Asia BACKGROUND began Black Death British bubonic plague Cambridge cancer cause cholera epidemic cholera pandemic city’s contagion contagious contemporary death toll demic died difficult disease’s dramatic early effects epidemic epidemic disease especially Europe European example fear first fleas flight French germ Hamburg historians History human important India infected influenza pandemic inoculation isolation Italian late London malaria measles Medicine medieval microorganism million modern mortality rates Moscow moved Naples nineteenth century occurred official outbreak percent perhaps physicians places plague epidemics poliomyelitis political population public health quarantine rats reached reflected remained responses rodents role Roman Russian second pandemic second plague pandemic serious sick significance sleeping sickness smallpox social specific spread suffered SUGGESTED ADDITIONAL READING symptoms third pandemic tion traffic tuberculosis typhoid fever typhus United University Press UNRESOLVED HISTORICAL ISSUES vaccine victims virus Western widespread World Health Organization yellow fever Yersinia pestis
Fréquemment cités
Page 6 - Nor was this the only form of lawless extravagance which owed its origin to the plague. Men now coolly ventured on what they had formerly done in a corner, and not just as they pleased, seeing the rapid transitions produced by persons in prosperity suddenly dying and those who before had nothing succeeding to their property. So they resolved to spend quickly and enjoy themselves, regarding their lives and riches as alike things of a day.
Page 4 - ... its ravages ; so that when they succumbed, as in most cases, on the seventh or eighth day to the internal inflammation, they had still some strength in them. But if they passed this stage, and the disease descended further into the bowels, inducing a violent ulceration there accompanied by severe diarrhoea, this brought on a weakness which was generally fatal.
Page 158 - ... but the whole died away (leaving on the inoculated parts scabs and subsequent eschars) without giving me or my patient the least trouble. In order to ascertain whether the boy, after feeling so slight an affection of the system from the cowpox virus, was secure from the contagion of the smallpox, he was inoculated the first of July following with variolous matter, immediately taken from a pustule.
Page 129 - All this was in the two plague years of 1665 and 1666, for in those days I was in the prime of my age for invention, and minded mathematics and philosophy more than at any time since.
Page 403 - Cigarette smoking is causally related to lung cancer in men; • the magnitude of the effect of cigarette smoking far outweighs all other factors. The data for women, though less extensive, ; point in the same direction.
Page 6 - Fear of gods or law of man there was none to restrain them. As for the first, they judged it to be just the same whether they worshipped them or not, as they saw all alike perishing...
Page 403 - General issued its monumental unanimous report stating that "cigarette smoking is a health hazard of sufficient importance in the United States to warrant appropriate remedial action.
Page 158 - In order to ascertain whether the boy, after feeling so slight an affection of the system from the cow-pox virus, was secure from the contagion of the smallpox, he was inoculated the 1st of July following with variolous matter, immediately taken from a pustule. Several slight punctures and incisions were made on both his arms, and the matter was carefully inserted, but no disease followed.
Page 5 - ... this brought on a weakness which was generally fatal. For the disorder first settled in the head, ran its course from thence through the whole of the body, and even where it did not prove mortal, it still left its mark on the extremities; for it settled in the privy parts, the fingers and the toes, and many escaped with the loss of these, some too with that of their eyes. Others again were seized with an entire loss of memory on their first recovery, and did not know either themselves or their...
Page 4 - In most cases also an ineffectual retching followed, producing violent spasms, which in some cases ceased soon after, in others much later. Externally the body was not very hot to the touch, nor pale in its appearance, but reddish, livid, and breaking out into small pustules and ulcers. But internally it burned so that the patient could not bear to have on him clothing or linen even of the very lightest description, or indeed to be otherwise than stark naked.
Informations bibliographiques
| Titre | Epidemics and Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History |
| Auteur | J. N. Hays |
| Édition | illustrée |
| Éditeur | ABC-CLIO, 2005 |
| ISBN | 1851096582, 9781851096589 |
| Longueur | 513 pages |
| Exporter la citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |