EXERCISES UPON THE REFLECTED VERBS.

PRES. - I rise

early

(every morning).— se lever, v. de bonne heure, adv. tous les matins, m.

My sister is* not well, she applies herself (too much) sœur, f. se porter, v.

to study. We rejoice

s'appliquer, v. trop, adv. at the good news which he nouvelle, f.

se réjouir, v. de
us.-When do you intend to go

see

has brought
apportée, p. p.
your brother?—I believe

and

se proposer, v. de aller, v. 6 your brothers are not

well*; for I have not seen them this week.

car, c.

vus

semaine, f.

when

IMP. I was riding on horseback † in the park, se promener à cheval

parc, m. quand, c.

I met him. Was he not warming himself when

rencontrer, v.

se chauffer, v.

you (came in)?-We did not imagine he would succeed so

étes entré?

s'imaginer, v.

for him. They did not expect (that they should meet us).

* When we mean to express the state of a person's health, instead

of the verb être, we use the reflective se porter :

Ma sœur ne se porte pas bien; my sister is not well.

We say, in French,

Se promener à cheval, en carosse, en voiture ;

Se promener sur l'eau, sur la rivière ;

S'informer des nouvelles de ;

to take a ride, an airing on horseback, in a coach.

to go upon the water, on the river.

to inquire after.

COND. PRES.-If I were in your place, I would not

étais à

se

vex myself.-Would she not (make her escape) ? — We chagriner, v. s'échapper, v.

would embark (this day) if the weather (would permit.) s'embarquer, v. aujourd'hui, adv. temps, m. le permettait, v. -Would you so soon?-Why would you expose yourselves (139-3) tót, adv.

s'exposer, v.

if they

bien, adv.

to their fury? They would agree very well,

fureur, f.

s'accorder, v.

were not so

proud. orgueilleux, adj.

IMPERATIVE MOOD.

I give you

leave

to go out, but

donner, v. permission, f. de sortir, v. mais, c. tire yourself.-Let him amuse himself a little

se fatiguer, v.

do not

in my

s'amuser, v. un peu, adv.

garden. Endeavour to please

jardin. S'efforcer, v. de plaire, v. à

not so often (make mistakes) (in the) tenses, numbers, and

se tromper, v. de

persons of the verb.

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.

PRES. (I must) apply myself to the French language.

Il faut que s'appliquer, v.

I will hide it, lest she should

cacher, v.

de peur que, c. (313)

langue, f. perceive it. s'apercevoir, v. en, pro.

IMP. That I might not ruin myself. That he might

se ruiner, v.

not meddle with my affairs. - That we

se méler, v. de

might excuse

s'excuser, v.

ourselves. That they might not perceive it too late.

I have inquired after you and your sister *.-He says

s'informer, v. de

you have not been well,

se porter, v.

dit, v.

while pendant que, c.

country. Has not your cousin laughed at me?-Did cousin, m. se moquer, v. de

campagne, f.

we not get up
se lever, v.

at six (o'clock)?-They have perceived

the trick, but it was too late. I had not applied my

s'appliquer, v. self enough.-Had not your sisters imagined that they

France? Did you not hide yourselves (in order to) sur

prise them?-When I (shall) have walked five or Quand, adv.

prendre, v.

six minutes in the garden, I will rest myself.-Why have

se reposer, v.

you exhausted yourself as you have done?-Our sailors l'avez fait, v.

s'épuiser, v.

would have behaved with more resolution.-Would not you (17-3) courage.

se comporter

*Turn, I have inquired of your news and of those of your sister.

have excused yourself?-If I had been in your place, I

s'excuser, v.

would not have meddled with their affairs.

à

CONJUGATION OF THE IRREGULAR VERBS.

Some verbs are called irregular, on account of their deviating from the general rule, either in their terminations, or in being deficient as to some of the moods, tenses, persons, or numbers.

VERB OF THE FIRST CONJUGATION.

Aller, to go.

INF. Pres. all-er. Part. act. allant. Part. past, allé, -ée. IND. Pres. vais, vas, va; allons, allez, vont. Imperf. allais, -ais, -ait; allions, -iez, -aient. Pret. allai, as, -a; allámes, -átes, -èrent. Fut. irai, -as, -a; irons, -ez, -ont. Cond. Pres. irais, -ais, -ait; irions, -iez, -aient. IMP. va, qu'il aille; allons, -ez, qu'ils aillent. SUB. Pres. aille, -es, -e; allions, -iez, aillent. Imperf. allasse, -asses, -át; allassions, -iez, -ent.

The compound tenses of this verb are sometimes formed with allé, and sometimes with été; in the former instance they take the auxiliary étre, as je suis allé; in the latter, avoir, as j'ai été. But it must be observed that the participle allé is used with étre, when we wish to express merely the act of being gone to a place; thus, il est allé à Paris, would be said of a person who had set off for Paris, and either was there still or had not yet returned; whereas il a été à Paris, would express that the person had gone to, and returned from, Paris.

Aller is also conjugated as a reflected verb, with the particle en, in the sense of to go away.

S'en aller, to go away. Je m'en vais, I go, or am going away. Envoyer is irregular in the future and the conditional only, and makes, j'enverrui, &c. ; j'enverrais, &c.

VERBS OF THE SECOND CONJUGATION.

Acquérir, to acquire.

INF. Pres. acqué-rir. Part. act. acquérant. Part. past, acquis. IND. Pres. acquiers, -iers, -iert; acquérons, -érez, -ièrent.

Imperf. acquérais, -ais, -ait; acquérions, -iez, -aient. Pret. acquis, -is, -it; acquímes, -ites, -irent. Fut. acquerrai, -as, -a; acquerrons, -ez, -ont. Cond. Pres. acquerrais, -ais, ait; acquerrions, -iez, -aient. IMP. acquiers, -ère; acquérons, érez, -ièrent. SUB. PRES. acquière, -ères, ère; acquérions, -ériez, -ièrent. Imperf. acquisse, -isses, -ít; acquissions, -iez, -ent.

Quérir, to fetch.

This verb is never used but in the present of the infinitive mood with the verbs aller, to go, venir, to come, and envoyer, to send.

Ex.

Conquérir, to conquer; requérir, to require, are conjugated like acquérir.

Bouillir, to boil.

INF. Pres. bouillir. Part. act. bouillant. Part. past, bouilli, -ie. IND. Pres. bous, bous, bout; bouillons, -ez, -ent. Imperf. bouillais, -ais, -ait; bouillions, -iez, -aient. Pret. bouillis, -is, -it; bouillimes, -ites, -irent. Fut. bouillirai, -as, -a; bouillirons, -ez, -ont. Cond. Pres. bouillirais, -ais, -ait; bouillirions, -iez, -aient. IMP. bous, bouille; bouillons, -ez, ent. SUB. Pres. bouille, -es, -e; bouillions, -iez, -ent. Imperf. bouillisse, -isses, ît; bouillissions, -iez, -ent.

Observation. This verb, as well as its compound rebouillir, to boil again, is seldom used, except in the third person singular or plural, and in the infinitive mood, which is commonly joined to the verb faire. The same observation is to be applied to rótir, to roast. Ex.

Faites bouillir cette viande ;
Faites rótir ce poulet ;

Courir, to run.

boil that meat.

roast that fowl.

INF. Pres. courir. Part. act. courant. Part. past, couru, -ue. IND. Pres. cours, cours, court; courons, -ez, -ent. Imperf. courais, -ais, -ait; courions, -iez, aient. Pret. courus, us, -ut; courúmes, útes, -urent. Fut. courrai, -as, -a; courrons, -ez, -ont. Cond. Pres. courrais, -ais, ait; courrions, riez, -aient. IMP. cours, coure; courons, -ez, -ent. SUB. Pres. coure, coures, coure; courions, -iez, -ent. Imperf. courusse, -usses, út; courussions, iez, -ent.