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many friends as you.-I was the more persuaded of what

you told me, as another person told me the same thing.—

She dresses after the English fashion, but she lives after s'habiller, v.

the French way.—She plays in the Italian style.

ADVERBS.

Bas,

A or en bas,} off, down, down with, below.
En badinant, in jest.

Beaucoup, much, many, a great deal.

Bien,

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De bonne heure, betimes, early.

De bon jeu, fairly.

De bon matin, early.

A la bonne heure, better, very good, well and good.

A bon droit, justement, deservedly.

A bon marché, cheap.

A bride abattue, full speed.

Cà et là, to and fro, here and there.

A cela près, except that.

A cheval, on horseback.

EXERCISE ON THESE ADVERBS.

The whole garrison surrendered, and laid

mettre, v.

down their

les

arms upon the ramparts of the citadel.-There is a man

below whom you will see with pleasure.-We said it in en bas

jest, yet he was very angry with us.-There were cependant

contre, p.

many ladies, and we had a great deal of talking.-He has

causer

much increased his fortune.-Whatever you do, do it well.— Quoique (313)

If you do not do it with a good will, I will do it myself.—

He has acted very sincerely in that business.-We will

betimes.-Have I not won

gagner, v.

fairly?-We will

get up se lever, v. set out early, that we may arrive before the heat of the chaleur, f. day.—He has obtained it deservedly.-My father has bought

obtenir, v.

a horse very cheap.-Do you see those two horsemen, who cavalier, m. come to us full speed? They wandered to and fro without

errer

knowing whither to go.-Except that, I have nothing

à

to reproach him with.-Miss White is very handsome; reprocher, v. lui nevertheless I do not love her.-Some went to London in

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Observation.-1. How much, how many, how, are rendered in French by que, when expressive of admiration. Ex.

Que vous êtes jolie !

How pretty you are!

2. We make use of combien y a-t-il que, when the action mentioned in the interrogation has not yet ceased; and

then the verb following which, in English, is in the preterite, must be rendered, in French, by the present of the indicative mood. Ex.

Combien y a-t-il que vous êtes à how long have you been in
Londres?
London?

3. If the verb, in English, be in the preterpluperfect, it is to be rendered, in French, by the imperfect of the indicative.

Ex.

Combien y avait-il que vous étiez how long had you been in à Londres quand il mourut? London when he died?

N.B. These questions might be asked in French thus :— Depuis quand étes-vous à Londres? Depuis quand étiez-vous à Londres ?

4. If the action have entirely ceased, we make use of pendant combien de temps, with the following verb in the preterite indefinite.

Ex.

Pendant combien de temps avez- how long were you in Lonvous été à Londres? don?

5. How long, in the sense of for what time, is also rendered by pendant combien de temps, with the verb in the same tense as it is in English.

Ex.

How long do you intend to

Pendant combien de temps vous
proposez-vous de rester en stay in Italy?

Italie?

EXERCISE ON THESE ADVERBS.

How much do you owe him?-You see to how many dangers

and how many reproaches we are liable.

How many times

shall I be obliged

exposé, p. p.

to bid you (to be silent?)—How de dire, v. de vous taire, v.

troublesome you are!-How sorry importun, adj.

I am for having dis

de

pleased you!-How much I should be obliged to you, if you

would grant me that favour?-How long have you been accorder, v.

learning French? How long have they been in Paris ?—How long had you been learning Italian, when you wrote to me ? -How long have your parents been in England?-How long

had your brother been in Germany, when we left

it?partimes en How long were you in Holland?-How long did your

restates

cousin learn the mathematics?-How long has your relation

been dead?—How long had he been in his regiment when

he died?—How long was he ill?-How long does your uncle

intend

se proposer

fut

to leave his son on the continent?

ADVERBS.

Combien y a-t-il d'ici ? how far is it hence?

Dans combien de temps? how long will it be before?

Comme, as, like, how.

Comme il faut, as it should be, properly.

Comment, how.

A contre-sens, the contrary or wrong way, in a wrong sense.
A contre-temps, unseasonably.

De côté,

A l'écart,

A part,

aside.

A côté l'un de l'autre, close, by one another.

De ce côté-ci, on this side.

De ce côté-là, on that side.

De côté et d'autre, çà et là, here and there, about.
De tous côtés, on all sides, on every side.

EXERCISE ON THESE ADVERBS.

How far is it hence to Dover?-How long will it be before you

send me back the books I lent you?—They are punished as

they deserve.-My father's house is like yours, it is very

badly built.-See how it rains.-This exercise is done as Ta air.

it showed be.—How can you speak thus ?—Your brother took

in a wrong sense all that I said to him.—Our master arrived very unseasonably-Fat that aside.-Let us walk on this side, and our companions will go on that side.-They run about all day, and do nothing but play.-How dare you run ne que

about

while pendant que, c. enemies were victorious on all sides.—We hear

your mother is waiting for you?—The

on

apprendre, v.

every side, that peace will very soon take place.

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