Y means to it, to them, in speaking of things; but is chiefly used in the sense of there, here, in reference to a place antecedently named. Nous y mettrons un verre, Ex. we will put a glass to it. 13. Yand en always are placed before the verb, except in the first and second person of the imperative affirmative. 14. When these pronouns occur with others in the same sentence, they follow them, en being always the last. Il vous EN demande, Je vous Y EN enverrai, he asks you for some. Ex. I will send you some there. 15. Moi is never used before en; but oi is cut off, as, donnez M'EN, give me some. ON THE SUPPLYING PRONOUNS, LE, LA, LES. 16. These pronouns are often used in French, to prevent the repetition of one or more words, or to supply their place. Ex. Etes-vous la nièce de mon ami? Oui, je LA suis; Il est riche, mais je ne LE suis pas, are you my friend's niece? Yes, I am (his niece). he is rich, but I am not. 17. If the word thus rendered be a substantive, le, la, or les, must be used according to its gender and number. Ex. QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION ON THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. What are pronouns ? How many sorts are there? What are personal pronouns ? How many persons have they? How many classes of personal pronouns are there? What is to be observed of se and soi ? How are it and they rendered in French? Where are personal pronouns placed in French? Is there any exception ? How often must the nominative pronoun be repeated? How are I, thou, he, and they, rendered in French? What is done if the pronouns, used in the same sentence, are of different persons? What if they are of different cases? When is the pronoun en used ? When is y used ? What place do y and en occupy in a sentence? In what peculiar manner are the pronouns le, la, and les used? How often must the objective pronoun be repeated? EXERCISES ON THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. I. EXERCISE ON RULES 1 TO 4, p. 53 AND 54. I love and adore the God of all goodness who created adore de aime me. We too often forget the nous1 trop souvent1 oublions2 old; but it is well painted. The house which I have bought is well situated, peint que ai achetée située but I assure you that it cost me much. The books assure que coûte me beaucoup. Which is understood after the word benefits; but in this, and similar cases, it must be expressed in French, and translated by que. which you saw in my library are good books; but they vites ma bibliothèque que are badly bound. My hat is quite new; but it is too sont mal relié. Mon tout neuf trop si était large. Their coach is old; but it is as good as if it were grand. Leur voiture, f. vieux new. You speak of my cousin, do you know him? -I see her and speak to her (every day). - I find him tous les jours vois parle trouve more reasonable than his sister.-Believe me, go and raisonnable sa Croyez allez speak to them.-Lend him your slate.-Your brother parler votre ardoise. votre Prétez bought yesterday a very good book, and after having read acheta hier après avoir lu it, he gave it to my sister.-I give you this penknife, but ce canif mais do not lend it to your little brother.-Send it to-morrow, II. EXERCISE on rules 5, 6, 7, and 8, p. 54. I complain, and shall continue to complain, of the imprucontinuerai de me plaindre me plains dence of your conduct, (unless I see) you follow conduite, f. à moins que je ne voie que vous suivez my advice. I believe you, and thank you (for it).— and remercie en saw peaches, plums, vímes pears, and we gathered the finest.-A good dog pays cueillimes no attention (to those) people who ne1 aucune attention aux friends nor foes, ni ennemis are gens qui ne sont fait neither ni and declares war against those who déclare la guerre ὰ ceux are troublesome by profession: he knows them (by their) importuns par état connaît aux clothes, their voices, habits, à la voix their manners, and keeps them at a proper distance.-Your sister does not resemble you; convenable distance, f. ressemble she is neither informed, nor anxious for information; she jaloux de s'instruire instruit neither reads nor writes. We neither love nor esteem ne lit écrit. aimons Miss Turner; she (speaks ill) of every body. estimons III. EXERCISE ON RULES 9, 10, AND 11, P. 54 AND 55. Who (was calling) me? It was not I.-The boy Ce wants (to speak) to you.—It is I, who am to be rewarded désire parler 6 qui dois récompensé instead of him.-My father commanded the cavalry, and I commandait cavalerie, f. au lieu commanded the infantry. My brothers, sisters, and I, went yesterday to the concert.-You and your sister allámes invité à dîner are engaged to dine to-morrow with Mr. D.- How darest Comment oses thou answer thy master in so insolent a manner? thou répondre à ton de si3 insolent 1 manière2, f. whom he loves, thou for whom he takes so much pains? que pour qui prend tant de peine, f. It is I who wrote the letter; but it is he who carried it.— ai écrit lettre, f. aime a portée la. (It is neither) I, nor thou, nor he, who have broken the Ce n'est ni windows; but it is they who have done it. fenêtre, f. ce ont fait le. IV. EXERCISE ON RULE 12, p. 55. My brother (will send) them to you, or he (will bring) enverra apportera them to you himself.-I asked yesterday a favour of our gracious king, and he granted it to me.-Have you accorda bon montre, f. dont parlátes 2 1 bought the watch (of which) you spoke to me last week? acheté Yes, I have bought it.-Will you show it to me? Very achetée Voulez montrer me willingly; my daughter (will go for it).-Emma, my watch ira la chercher volontiers (Here it is), mother. La voici, -Give it to me.— How do you know that he Comment vous savez1 house*? We showed it to him last Monday. fimes voir dernier2 Lundi1. the book; carry it to them.-If they ma mère. likes my (Here is) Voici ask a favour, demandent will you refuse it to them?-Where is your sister? refuserez She is in the garden.-Take this fan and carry it to her. V. EXERCISE ON RULES 13, 14, and 15, p. 56. ne vous never (will consent) to it; and I neither will speak ne1-jamais consentirai2 ne1-ni3 veux2 parler nor write to him†.-Believe me, go and see them, do not ni écrire Croyez allez confide (in it.)—We have forced them to it.—I (will take) my fiez pas y brother thither.-He (will carry) them to you thither him y avons forcés portera mènerai self.-Did you think of what you had promised me? Avez-vous pensé à ce que aviez promis No, Non but I (will think of it).—It is a good book; we read excel lent things (in it).—Our orchards are very fruitful, we see penserai y chose, f. y all sorts of fruits (in them). – Since fertile on voit those people have sorte fruit, m. y Puisque ces gens Nos verger, m. * Turn the sentence thus: that my house pleases him; que ma maison lui plaît. The pronoun lui (to him) must be repeated before écrire. |
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