Plenipotentiary will be sent to this Republick, when the Treaty shall have been returned; and that of the Mexican Nation who will be duly appointed, will enjoy the same honourable rank, in the Capital of that Nation which so powerfully operates upon the destinies of Europe. In the meanwhile, the Secretary of Legation of Great Britain has continued accredited as Chargé d'Affaires, and the Mexican Government has given the same character to its Agent in London.

An Agent General of Commerce from the Republick has been admitted by the Government of His Most Christian Majesty to the exercise of his functions in Paris; but the mode and form of his reception, as well as the final arrangement of other important points, has been delayed until the arrival in France of the before-mentioned Envoy Extraordinary; to whom the necessary Passports have been forwarded by the French Government, and who left London for that Court on the 19th of March. The Mexican Agents of Commerce continue to enjoy the same consideration in the Ports of that King. dom.

The free City of Lubeck has admitted a Mexican Commercial Agent, who discharges the duties of his Office, independently of the Individual, who formerly resided in the same character in Hamburgh.

The Governor-General of the Danish Antilles has nominated a Consul from Denmark to this Republick, in consequence of the express orders of his Court, but, as his Commission has not received the indispensable formality of the King's immediate sanction, the granting of the Exequatur has been deferred, until the same shall have been procured. It is to be hoped that the Danish Government will not find any difficulty in making the Appointment conformably to generally received usages; and that of Mexico, when this shall have been done, will hasten to demonstrate the sincerity of its sentiments towards all Nations.

His Majesty the King of Hanover has invested an Individual with the character of Consular Agent, to reside in the Republick. His Commission, which, it is understood, is drawn up in the usual form, will be attended to as soon as it is presented.

The Treaty of Amity, Navigation, and Commerce, with The United States of North America, has been approved by the Senate of that Republick, but with certain amendments and modifications, which will lead to a renewal of the Negotiations, in which will be kept in view the wishes of the Chamber of Representatives, which has dedicated to this matter as much time as other weighty and urgent business permitted. The greatest harmony continues to exist between the two Governments, and they have agreed to arrange, as soon as possible, the Treaty of Boundaries, which is so necessary for the preservation of a good understanding between two neighbouring and friendly

Nations.

The declaration of the Colombian Army which saved Peru, in favour of the Constitution of its own Country, left the Peruvian People at liberty to demand, that fundamental Laws should be decreed by their legitimate Representatives. A change has taken place in the latter Government; and the latest advices affirm, that this change is in conformity with the interests and wishes of the Peruvians.

The War between the Argentine Republick and the Emperor of Brazil still continues, although it is very probable that their differences will soon be terminated, the more especially as the Cabinet of Rio Janeiro, by the nomination of Ministers Plenipotentiary to the Congress of Tacubaya, has manifested the fraternal intentions which animate it towards the new American States.

Nothing is known to have disturbed the prosperous course of affairs in the Republick of Chili.

The Peace of the Republick of Colombia was upon the point of being disturbed, when its President, Simon Bolivar, returned thither; but it appears, from every data and the official communications, that the fears of a retrogradation in that Republick are vanishing; a retrogradation which might have proved fatal, in its results, to the cause of its liberty.

The events which have taken place in The United States of Central America are much to be regretted; but I do not contemplate, as very distant, the epoch of the re-establishment of tranquillity in that Country; which has been disturbed by an inexperience, productive of fatal errors: these will, however, disappear, so soon as the Parties agitated shall have listened to the counsels of prudence, and to those of the sincere friends of that precious part of the new World.

Mexico, and all the other Nations of America, continue happily united by their vows, and by the conformity of their interests and obligations.

Spain, having involved itself with Portugal, by its false and perfidious conduct, has been obliged to make the greatest efforts for its own defence; since its ancient Allies have abandoned it to the consequences of its own capricious measures. The present situation of Spain leaves no probability of her being able to renew her hopeless attempt upon America.

Our Credit with Foreign Nations maintains its superiority over that of the other modern Republicks. Up to the month of March, our securities were at a high price in London.

The soil we possess is, throughout its extent, the most highly gifted by nature. The intelligence, zeal, and activity, which have been displayed by the Representatives of the Nation, during the Session which closes this day; in the organization of the system of Finance, and, in the further improvements, which are expected from their continued exer

tions, induce us to believe that our political existence will be irrevocably consolidated, to the admiration of all other Nations.

The Statement of the Publick Revenue was laid before the Chambers at the Opening of the Session, in the Memorial of the Minister of that Department, including the last Financial Year, which ended in June, 1826. It was therein shewn, that the natural Revenue of the Country was sufficient to bear our ordinary expences; and, in order to continue to us so great a felicity, the Executive has decreed the necessary measures, for the better regulation of that part of the administration, which is within the sphere of its authority. For the completion, so urgently required, of this system, the Government has proposed various plans to the Chambers. It is very much to be regretted that the Law, which appoints this day for the Closing of the Session, should not have left you a few days more to finish the new commercial Tariff, in which you have manifested such profound knowledge, and have proved that you have listened to the salutary lessons of experience. Unfortunately time has vanished away, without your having been able to provide for the Regulation of the Maritime Customhouses and Commissariats General, for which the plans were formed and presented to you; in order to put a stop to provisional Appointments, which are ever prejudicial and ruinous, and to fix proper Salaries for such Officers as are absolutely requisite, so that they may dedicate themselves with every interest to the discharge of their duties. These important affairs will ere long again employ your

attention.

The administration of Justice has been improved as much as circumstances have permitted. The establishment of the Federal Tribunals, being entirely new, has experienced those difficulties which are natural to all new Systems. These have been partly overcome, and will be entirely removed, by such efficacious measures as have been suggested, by observation, and by a perfect knowledge of the diffi culties to which the first trials have given rise. Before the close of last Year, important information was obtained upon this subject; and the Minister of that Department, in his Memorial of this Year, sets forth the state of the administration of Justice, and suggests the measures which should be adopted to give it due impulse. The time which has elapsed has been advantageously employed, in an extensive inquiry into all its defects, according as practice has discovered them; thus deriving from them, as from the most certain source, the indications for remedy.

Grounded upon the preceding data, the Executive has, in repeated communications, laid before Congress the special cases, doubts, and difficulties, as they have occurred, and has also brought under one general view the questions most important and worthy of its consideration; and, latterly, as the result of its experience, it has presented a Project of the Law, which in its opinion, it would be proper to adopt,

and in which it believes all the hitherto doubtful points are comprehended and explained. This branch of the Government is consequently in the most advanced state of which it is at present susceptible: it is of incalculable advantage to be fully acquainted with the action and resistance of the machinery, and to have at hand the correctives ready to apply to it; and this, I have no doubt, will be undertaken, in the first Sittings of the Legislative Body.

Although, up to the present time, it has not been possible to arrange our Ecclesiastical affairs, they do not present any obstacles capable of disturbing or impeding, in any manner, the course of the Publick Administration. Our Envoy to Rome remains in Brussels, awaiting the Instructions which Congress may judge proper to send to him, in order to open a communication and settle our relations with the Apostolick See.

The necessary orders have been issued by the Executive, for the purpose of giving effect to the Laws; respecting the conveyance of military baggage; the Militia on service; the Adjutant Inspectors of the Interior States; the Company of Halberdiers; and the supreme Tribunal of War and Marine.

A part of the Navy has been employed on actual service, in sight of the Enemy, since December last; and, although with an inferior force, our renowned Commander sustains the honour of our Flag with advantage, causes great damage to the trade of Cuba, and has taken various Prizes, without any unfortunate event having, hitherto, happened to our Vessels.

The War with the Yaqui Indians, in the Western Interior State, has been brought to a close.

caused by some Northern happily terminated by their

The disturbances which have been Adventurers in Nacogdoches have been dispersion, and the death of their Leaders. The Government, in order to prevent the repetition of similar attempts, will put that Frontier in a respectable state of defence.

The military riot at Durango was quelled, by the salutary Law dictated by the Chambers, and by the activity of the measures of Government. Order and tranquillity have been restored, to the satisfaction of the Inhabitants of that State.

The Army continues well organized, and maintains its brilliant discipline.

In the States of Chiapas, Tabasco, and Yucatan, the epidemic small-pox made its appearance but without causing much havoc; owing to the precautionary measures adopted by their respective Governments, to arrest the progress of the distemper, and to those of the State of Vera Cruz, for preventing the contagion.

The new establishment of the Mines is usefully engaged in the labours, with which it was charged by the Law for its formation;

and the Commission for Drains at Huchuatoca proceeds with its operations.

Being convinced of the urgent necessity of setting on foot the most desirable plan for Publick Education, in the Federal District and Territories, I have nominated a Junta of known literary talents, who have begun to fulfil the object in view.

During the course of the present Year, a discovery has been made of the few Enemies who still strove to destroy the liberties of more than 6,000,000 of Mexicans. The punishment of the Delinquents shall satisfy the Publick vengeance.

The Mexican Nation, which so highly distinguishes itself by its love of liberty, is no less an admirer of publick order. “Love of liberty, explains every thing; love of order, and respect for the Laws and Customs: with liberty, property is inviolable; the life of the innocent is sacred; no one is declared guilty but by the Law; every thing is guarantied; every thing prospers. Liberty, severe in its principles, dreads licentiousness as much as tyranny; and the ac quirement of it, and, above all, its preservation, is less the reward of valour than the triumph of virtue." These maxims happily guide the conduct of the great Mexican People; and your example, Citizens, Representatives of the Nation, has contributed to maintain this glory without a stain. GUADALUPE VICTORIA.

SPEECH of the Commissioners, on the Opening of the Chambers of Portugal.-2d January, 1827. (Translation.)

NOBLE PEERS OF THE KINGDOM, AND SENHORES DEPUTIES of the Portuguese NationN,

AFTER a short interruption, your cares and labours for the service of the Country are about to be resumed. The Country calls upon you, through the medium of the Law, and it never appeals in vain to Portuguese who are proud of bearing that honourable name.

You shewed in the short space of the last Session, which closed on the 23d of December last, that you knew the evils which required to be remedied, and that you wished to apply the remedies promptly. You have commenced this work, no less difficult than important, in the manner which circumstances permitted; and the zeal and prudence of which you have given proofs, leave no doubt that it will be considerably advanced in the course of the present Session.

The necessity for the regulatory Laws, contemplated by the Constitutional Charter, is urgent, and the execution of the latter would be imperfect without them. On the perfect execution of the Charter depend the political advantages which it promises, and on those advan