Randomization Tests

analysis analysis of variance applied associated coefficients column completely randomized design composite measurements composite z scores correlation trend test data-permuting procedure dependent variables determining significance distribution drug Edgington equivalent test statistic example experimental unit factorial designs factorial experiments Fisher Gehan scores goodness-of-fit independent t test independent-groups index numbers jects main effect ment multivariate mutation null hypothesis number of data number of subjects obtained data permutation obtained results obtained test statistic obtained value one-tailed test statistic one-way ANOVA pairs parametric permutation group permutation procedure permutation tests permuting the data possible assignments predicted Program 4.4 proportion random assignment procedure random data permutation random permutation random sampling randomiza randomization test procedure ranks rats reference set reference subset sensitive test significance tables significance value single-subject experiments statistical inferences statistical test systematic data permutation systematic permutation test statistic value tion treatment blocks treatment effect trend means two-tailed P-value two-tailed test statistic valid