Plant Genetic Resources of Legumes in the MediterraneanNigel Maxted, Sarita Jane Bennett Springer Science & Business Media, 14 mars 2013 - 380 pages Genetic erosion, that is, the loss of native plant and genetic diversity has been exponential from the Mediterranean Basin through the Twentieth century. This careless eradication of species and genetic diversity as a result of human activities from a 'hot-spot' of diversity threatens sustainable agriculture and food security for the temperate regions of the world. Since the early 1900s there has been a largely ad hoc movement to halt the loss of plant diversity and enhance its utilisation. The Convention on Biological Diversity and Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, both highlight the need to improve conservation methodologies and enhance utilisation techniques. It has been argued that the most important component of biodiversity is the genetic diversity of crop and forage species used to feed humans and livestock. These cultivated and related wild species provides the raw material for further selection and improvement. Leguminosae species are of major economic importance (peas, chickpeas, lentils and faba beans, as well as numerous forage species) and provide a particularly rich source of protein for human and animal foods. Their distribution is concentrated in the Mediterranean region and therefore the improvement of their conservation and use in the region is critical. This text is designed to help ensure an adequate breadth of legume diversity is conserved and to help maximise the use of that conserved diversity. The subjects of conservation and use of legume diversity, the Mediterranean ecosystem and taxonomy of legumes are introduced. Generic reviews of the taxonomy, centre of diversity, ecogeographic distribution, genetic diversity distribution, conservation status, conservation gaps and future research needs are provided, along with a discussion of the importance of rhizobia to the maintenance of legume diversity. Current ex situ and in situ conservation activities as well current legume uses are reviewed. In conclusion future priorities for ex situ and in situ plant genetic conservation and use of Mediterranean legumes are highlighted. All contributors look forward rather than simply reviewing past and current activities and therefore it is hoped that the identification of genetic erosion, location of taxonomic and genetic diversity and promotion of more efficient utilisation of conserved material will be enhanced. |
Table des matières
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Lentils Lens L | |
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Bracketed Key To Temperate Forage Legume | |
Clovers Trifolium L | |
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Lupins Lupinus L | |
Acknowledgements | |
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Acknowledgments | |
Ex Situ Conservation of Grain Legumes | |
Prospects | |
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5A Growing Need for In Situ Plant Genetic Conservation | |
Description of the most important species of | |
Grasspea and Chicklings Lathyrus L | |
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Peas Pisum L | |
Utilisation of Forage and Pasture Legume Diversity | |
Acknowledgements | |
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Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Plant Genetic Resources of Legumes in the Mediterranean Nigel Maxted,Sarita Jane Bennett Aucun aperçu disponible - 2010 |
Plant Genetic Resources of Legumes in the Mediterranean Nigel Maxted,Sarita Bennett Aucun aperçu disponible - 2014 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
accessions Agriculture alfalfa altitudes annual species areas Asia Australia breeding calyx centre of diversity centre of origin chickpea Cicer Cicer species clover Crop Evolution culinaris subsp cultivars cultivated distribution East Aegean Islands ecogeographic Edinburgh University Press endemic Erskine Europe faba bean Flora of Turkey Flowers forage legume Fruit genera genetic diversity genetic erosion genus germplasm germplasm collections grain legumes grasslands grazing habitats ICARDA inflorescence International Kupicha Ladizinsky landraces Lathyrus species leaf leaflet legume legume species Leguminosae Lens lentil lupins Maxted Medicago Mediterranean basin Mediterranean climate Mediterranean region North Africa ochrus P.H. Davis pasture perennial Pisum Plant Genetic Resources Polhill populations rainfall repens Research resistance Resources and Crop rhizobia Robertson Royal Botanic Gardens sativus seed semiarid Singh soils southern southwest Spain Stipules subterraneum Syria taxa taxonomic temperate Trifolium species Turkey Turkey and East variation Vavilov vegetation vetch Vicia faba Vicia species wild species Yamamoto Yunus Zohary