Fixed Point Theory: An Introduction

Couverture
Springer Science & Business Media, 30 nov. 2001 - 488 pages
Approach your problems from the right It isn't that they can't see the solution. It end and begin with the answers. Then, is that they can't see the problem. one day, perhaps you will find the final G. K. Chesterton, The Scandal of Father question. Brown 'The Point of a Pin'. 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Van Gulik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of mono graphs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the 'tree' of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces.
 

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Table des matières

Topological Spaces and Topological Linear Spaces
1
12 COMPACTNESS IN METRIC SPACES MEASURES OF NONCOMPACTNESS
5
13 BAIRE CATEGORY THEOREM
11
14 TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
12
15 LINEAR TOPOLOGICAL SPACES LOCALLY CONVEX SPACES
19
Hilbert Space and Banach Spaces
26
22 HILBERT SPACES
35
23 CONVERGENCE IN x X AND LX
43
65 CONVERGENCE OF ITERATIONS OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
219
66 CLASSES OF MAPPINGS RELATED TO NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
224
67 COMPUTATION OF FIXED POINTS FOR CLASSES OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
230
MAPPING ON A ROTUND SPACE WITHOUT FIXED POINTS
231
Sequences of Mappings and Fixed Points
233
72 SEQUENCES OF MAPPINGS AND MEASURES OF NONCOMPACTNESS
242
Duality Mappings and Monotone Operators
245
81 DUALITY MAPPINGS
246

24 THE ADJOINT OF AN OPERATOR
45
25 CLASSES OF BANACH SPACES
46
26 MEASURES OF NONCOMPACTNESS IN BANACH SPACES
63
27 CLASSES OF SPECIAL OPERATORS ON BANACH SPACES Let X Y be two Banach spaces and TeLX Y
65
The Contraction Principle
72
3 1 THE PRINCIPLE OF CONTRACTION MAPPING IN COMPLETE METRIC SPACES
74
32 LINEAR OPERATORS AND CONTRACTION MAPPINGS
78
33 SOME GENERALIZATIONS OF THE CONTRACTION MAPPINGS
79
34 HILBERTS PROJECTIVE METRIC AND MAPPINGS OF CONTRACTIVE TYPE
92
35 APPROXIMATE ITERATION
100
36 A CONVERSE OF THE CONTRACTION PRINCIPLE
103
37 SOME APPLICATIONS OF THE CONTRACTION PRINCIPLE
109
Brouwers Fixed Point Theorem
113
42 BROUWERS FIXED POINT THEOREM EQUIVALENT FORMULATIONS
116
43 ROBBINS COMPLEMENTS OF BROUWERS THEOREM
125
44 THE BORSUKULAM THEOREM
126
45 AN ELEMENTARY PROOF OF BROUWERS THEOREM
132
46 SOME EXAMPLES
139
47 SOME APPLICATIONS OF BROUWERS FIXED POINT THEOREM
140
48 THE COMPUTATION OF FIXED POINTS SCARFS THEOREM
143
Schauders Fixed point Theorem and some Generalizations
152
51 THE SCH A UDER FIXED POINT THEOREM
154
52 DARBOS GENERALIZATION OF SCHAUDERS FIXED POINT THEOREM
159
53 KRASNOSELSKllS ROTHES AND ALTMANS THEOREMS
165
SCHAUDERS AND TYCHONOFFS FIXED POINT THEOREM
168
55 SOME APPLICATIONS
177
Fixed Point Theorems for Nonexpansive Mappings and Related Classes of Mappings
182
61 NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
183
62 THE EXTENSION OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
185
63 SOME GENERAL PROPERTIESOF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
194
64 NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS ON SOME CLASSES OF BANACH SPACES
195
82 MONOTONE MAPPINGS AND CLASSES OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
254
ON REAL BANACH SPACES
257
84 SOME SURJECTIVITY THEOREMS IN COMPLEX BANACH SPACES
265
85 SOME SURJECTIVITY THEOREMS IN LOCALLY CONVEX SPACES
266
86 DUALITY MAPPINGS AND MONOTONICITY FOR SETVALUED MAPPINGS
271
87 SOME APPLICATIONS
272
Families of Mappings and Fixed Points
276
92THE RYLLNARDZEWSKI FIXED POINT THEOREM
283
93 FIXED POINTS FOR FAMILIES OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS
287
AND FIXED POINTS FOR FAMILIES OF MAPPINGS
292
Fixed Points and SetValued Mappings
295
101 THE POMPEIUHAUSDORFF METRIC
296
102 CONTINUITY FOR SETVALUED MAPPINGS
299
OF SETVALUED MAPPINGS
301
104 SETVALUED CONTRACTION MAPPINGS
313
105 SEQUENCES OF SETVALUED MAPPINGS AND FIXED POINTS
322
Fixed Point Theorems for Mappings on PMSpaces
325
112 CONTRACTION MAPPINGS IN PMSPACES
328
113 PROBABILISTIC MEASURES OF NONCOMPACTNESS
337
114 SEQUENCES OF MAPPINGS AND FIXED POINTS
341
The Topological Degree
344
121 THE TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE IN FINITEDIMENSIONAL SPACES
345
122 THE LERAYSCHAUDER TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE
360
123 LERAYS EXAMPLE
370
124 THE TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE FOR kSET CONTRACTIONS
372
125 THE UNIQUENESS PROBLEM FOR THE TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE
375
126 THE COMPUTATION OF THE TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE
388
127 SOME APPLICATIONS OF THE TOPOLOGICAL DEGREE
413
Bibliography
419
Index
459
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