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hauteur polaire même. La quantité que donnera la Table, ne fera pas une amplitude, mais fera la hauteur vraie à laquelle il faudra faifir l'Aftre, pour qu'il réponde exactement au vrai Eft ou au vrai Ouest.

155. Exemple. On eft par 56 deg. de latitude Nord, & la déclinaifon du Soleil, ou de tout autre Aftre, eft de 21 deg. On remarquera d'abord que la déclinaifon doit être du même côté que la latitude, pour que l'Aftre puiffe. paffer par le premier Vertical au-deffus de l'Horifon. Ainfi faut que les 21 deg. de déclinaifon foient du côté du Nord. Cela fuppofé, nous demandons à quelle hauteur on doit obferver l'Aftre, pour qu'il foit précisément au-deffus du vrai point de l'Eft ou de l'Ouest ?

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156. Le complément de 56 deg. eft 34 deg. que je fais convenir avec 21 deg. de déclinaifon dans la Table des Amplitudes. Je trouve 25 deg. 37 min. Or ce nombre m'apprend la hauteur qu'a l'Aftre, lorfqu'il eft exactement dans le premier Vertical, ou qu'il répond exactement audeffus du vrai Eft ou du vrai Ouest.

157. Si on ne veut pas fe fervir de la Table des Amplitudes, ou fi elle n'eft pas affez étendue, on trouvera la hauteur qu'a l'Aftre, lorfqu'il eft parvenu dans le premier Vertical, en faisant cette analogie: Le Sinus de la latitude eft au Sinus de la déclinaifon, comme le Sinus total eft au Sinus de la hauteur requife.

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Trouver l'Azimuth ou le vrai Rumb de vent auquel répond un Aftre, lorsqu'il eft à une certaine hauteur.

158. »Si l'Aftre eft élevé, & qu'il foit dans un autre » point du Ciel que celui que nous venons d'indiquer, » nous pouvons trouver fon azimuth par un calcul fembla»ble à celui que nous avons employé pour trouver l'heure. » C'est auffi le même triangle fphérique que nous avons » à confidérer dans le Ciel; mais dans lequel nous vou

»lons trouver un autre angle. Nous faifons, comme ci>> devant, une fomme des trois côtés de ce triangle, fça» voir, de la distance du Pole au Zénith, de la distance de >> l'Aftre au Zénith, & de la diftance de l'Aftre au Pole » élevé; & après avoir pris la moitié de la fomme, nous »en ôtons féparément les deux côtés qui comprennent » l'angle au Zénith, c'est-à-dire les diftances du Pole & » de l'Aftre au Zénith, & nous avons deux différences. 159. » Nous faifons après cela une fomme des quatre » nombres Logarithmes fuivans; les Logarithmes-Sinus » des deux différences & les complémens arithmétiques » des Logarithmes-Sinus des diftances du Pole & de l'Af>> tre au Zénith. La fomme étant trouvée, nous en pre» nons la moitié, & nous la cherchons dans les Tables » parmi les Logarithmes-Sinus. Nous trouvons de cette » forte un nombre de degrez & de minutes qu'il faut dou» bler, & on a l'angle au Zénith qui fait le vertical ou >> azimuth de l'Aftre avec le Méridien du côté du Pole » élevé. Pour nous expliquer autrement, on a l'intervalle >> compris entre le vrai Nord ou le vrai Sud, & l'Aftre » rapporté à l'Horifon.

160.

Exemple. On eft par 42 deg. de latitude-Sud, » la déclinaifon du Soleil eft de 10 degrez Nord, & fa >> hauteur du côté de l'Occident eft de 35 deg. Nous vou>>lons fçavoir dans quel azimuth fe trouve alors cet Aftre, >> ou à quel rumb de vent il répond.

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161. >> Les trois côtés dont il faut faire une fomme »font 48 deg. 100, & 55. La moitié de la fomme eft >>101 deg. 30 min. & fi on en ôte féparément les distan>> ces du Pole & de l'Aftre au Zénith, on aura 53, 30", » & 46 d. 30m. pour les deux différences, 162. » Nous joignons enfuite en» femble les Logar. Sin. de ces deux » diférences avec le compl. arith. des » Log. Sinus de 48 deg. & de 55 deg. » la moitié de la fomme répond au Lo

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9.9051787 9.8605622 1289265 866355 19.9813029

9.9906514 Log. Sip. de 78 deg. 9 min,

» garithme-Sinus de 78 deg. 9 min. qu'il faut doubler, & >> on a 156 deg. 18 min. pour la diftance du Soleil au » vrai Sud. C'eft la diftance au vrai Sud que nous trou»vons, parce que nous avons fuppofé que l'Obfervateur » étoit par une latitude méridionale. Mais fçachant cette » distance, nous n'avons qu'à la fouftraire de 180 deg. & » nous aurons 23 deg. 42 min. pour la diftance de l'Aftre » au vrai Nord. Ainfi l'Aftre répondra au NNO 1 deg. » 12 min. O des rumbs de vent du monde, & il fera éloi» gné du vrai Oueft vers le Nord de 66 deg. 18 min.

Déterminer l'Azimuth en fe fervant de l'Echelle des Logarithmes.

163. » Au lieu d'avoir recours aux Tables des Loga>> rithmes, on pourra fe fervir de l'Echelle des Logarith» mes, comme nous l'avons fait dans le Chapitre précé» dent pour déterminer l'heure. Après avoir pris la moi»tié de la fomme des trois côtés du triangle fphérique, » & en avoir ôté d'une part la distance du Pole au Zé» nith, & de l'autre part le complément de la hauteur de >> l'Aftre pour avoir les deux différences, on en prendra >> avec un compas le point de milieu fur l'Echelle des Lo» garithmes-Sinus. On prendra auffi le point de milieu du >> complément de la hauteur polaire & du complément de » la hauteur de l'Aftre; & ayant ouvert le compas depuis » ce dernier point jufqu'à l'extrémité de l'Echelle, on » transportera le compas en mettant fa premiere pointe >> fur le premier point de milieu qu'on a trouvé, & l'au>> tre pointe, ou celle de la droite, marquera fur l'E» chelle un nombre de degrez qu'il n'y aura qu'à doubler, » & on aura la diftance à mesurer fur l'Horifon, depuis » le vertical de l'Aftre jufqu'au vrai Nord ou au vrai Sud; » jufqu'au vrai Nord fi c'eft le Pole du Nord qui est éle»vé, & jufqu'au vrai Sud, fi l'on eft par une latitude » méridionale,»

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