Mechanics

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Table des matières

Wollastons micrometric wire ΙΟ
10
Minuteness of organic filaments II
11
Composition of blood 20 Size of animalcula
13
Divisibility by solution 22 Divisibility of odours 23 Fineness of spiders web 24 Divisibility shown by the taste
15
Proof for the existence of molecules 26 Crystallisation
16
Planes of cleavage 28 Conclusions 29 Matter indestructible
18
Destructive distillation 31 General conclusion CHAPTER III
20
Pores The Florentine experiment 34 Other examples
22
Compressibility
23
Compressibility of gases 36 Compressibility of liquids 38 Elasticity 39 Experiments on elasticity
25
Limits of the elastic force
27
Elasticity of torsion 42 Dilatability
28
General effects of dilatation and contraction
29
CHAPTER IV
30
Modification of elasticity and hardness in the same body
31
Flexibility and brittleness 48 Malleability
33
SECT PAGE 49 Annealing
34
Welding ib 51 Ductility ib 52 Tenacity
35
Chemical properties
36
BOOK II
38
Inertia ib 56 Proofs and examples of inertia
40
CHAPTER VI
43
Direction ib 60 Forces in same direction
44
Parallelogram of forces
46
Resultant of any number of forces
49
ib 20
50
Parallel forces in opposite directions
51
Couple ib 70 Mechanical effect of a couple
52
Equilibrium of couples
53
Table of velocities
59
21
62
22
63
24
64
Forces acting on a ship or boat
65
ib 26
66
27
67
28
68
ib 29
69
20 33 31 33
71
Direct proof of the earths rotation
72
Examples
78
CHAPTER IX
94
Collision of two bodies moving in the same direction
95
All bodies fall with the same velocity
96
Weight of bodies proportional to quantity of matter
98
Accelerated motion
100
Perfect and imperfect elasticity
101
Atwoods machine
103
Morins apparatus
107
Law of free descent
109
Calculation of motion due to gravity III
111
Retarded motion of bodies projected upwards
113
Projectiles
116
Oblique projection
118
Motion in parabolic curves
119
Effect of a hammer
121
Influence of time upon the effect of force
122
CHAPTER X
123
Effect of cohesion
124
Experimental method of determining the direction of resultant
126
Point of intersection of resultants
127
Centre of gravity
128
Case of regular figures
129
Centre of gravity not within the body
130
Properties of the centre of gravity
131
SECT PAGE 135 Stability
132
Line of direction
133
Pendulum
134
Animal locomotion governed by the position of centre of gravity
136
Different examples of stability
139
Stable unstable and neutral equilibrium
140
Examples
141
Familiar illustrations
142
Magic clock
145
Centre of gravity of two bodies
146
Calculation of effects of central force
148
Example
149
Whirling table
150
Motion of bodies revolving round common centre of gravity
151
Examples
153
Action of a central force on liquids
157
Centrifugal drying machine
158
Motion down a convex curve
160
Examples
161
Solids of revolution
162
Axis of revolution through centre of gravity
165
Principal axis
166
Experimental illustrations
167
Applications and problems
169
Summary of facts and formulæ for motion
177
Statical problems
182
Three kinds of lever
188
Conditions of equilibrium
189
CHAPTER XII
190
Chemical affinity
191
Sensibility of a balance
192
The steelyard
193
Adhesion of solids
194
BOOK III
196
Machines provisionally regarded independent of weight and resistance
199
Different relations of power and weight
200
Equilibrium involves either rest or uniform motion
201
Proper functions of a machine
204
No machine can add to the energy of the power
205
Method of measuring work
206
Power gained at the expense of time
207
CHAPTER XIV
210
Machines with flexible cords
211
212
212
214
214
Power of a machine
226
Equivalent lever
227
The windlass
228
The treadmill 209 French quarry wheels
229
Differential wheel and axle
230
Combinations
232
Toothed wheels 213 Spur wheels
234
Crown wheels
235
Bevelled wheels 216 Rack and pinion 217 Rachet wheel
236
Ropes neither perfectly flexible nor smooth 219 Use of sheaves
237
Power and resistance parallel
239
Single movable pulley
240
Combinations
241
Practical effect very different from theoretical 225 Effect of an inclined surface
244
Inclined roads 227 Inclined planes on railways
246
Double inclined plane 229 Selfacting planes
248
The wedge
249
SECT PAGK 231 Practical examples
250
The screw
251
Examples
254
Hunters screw
255
Endless screw
256
CHAPTER XV
257
Experimental illustration
261
Pendulum indicates variations of gravity
262
Compound pendulum
263
Centre of oscillation
265
Pendulum measures velocity of falling bodies
267
Property of a swing
268
Length of pendulum vibrating seconds
270
CHAPTER XVI
273
Varying power opposed to uniform resistance
274
Regulators
275
ib 228
276
229
277
232
278
234
279
237
280
Mainspring
281
Hammers sledges etc
282
Position of the flywheel
285
239
287
241
288
SECT PAGE 263 Reciprocating rectilinear motion
289
244
290
248
291
Universal joint
292
Alternate circular motion 1293
293
Mechanical agents
298
The dyamical unit
299
Joints
300
Gimbals
301
Horse power
302
Cradle joint
303
Hinge ib 272 Trunnions ib 273 Axles ib 274 Telescope joint
304
Clamps and adjusting screws
305
CHAPTER XVII
307
Friction
309
Sliding and rolling friction
311
Lubricants
313
Roiling friction
314
Sledges ib 284 Use of rollers
315
Friction rollers
316
Line of draught
317
Railways
318
Brakes
319
Imperfect flexibility of ropes
320
Resistance of fluids
322
Ponderous missiles
323
Resistance of air to motion of falling bodies
324
CHAPTER XVIII
325
Strength to resist pressure
329
Strength to resist torsion
331
Strength to resist transverse strain
332
Steampower
352
Springs and weights
353
Forces produced by heat 309 Mechanical force of congelation
354
Electromagnetic force 311 Chemical agency
355
Guncotton
356
Capillary attraction 314 Perpetual motion 353 354 ib 355 ib 356
357
CHAPTER XX
358
The Dyne The Poundal
360
Work
361
Further illustrations Measurement of work 358 360 361
362
Units of work The footpound The horsepower
364
Other units The kilogrammetre The
367
Accumulated work
368
323 Measure of accumulated work
369
Energy
370
Mechanical powers
372
Levers
373
The pendulum
375
Elasticity 330 Expansive force of gases
377
BOOK IV
393
Drops for loading and unloading ships
400
The sledge hammer
406
CHAPTER XXIII
413
Screwcutting engine
421
SECT
424
Sandglass
430
Motion of hand intermitting
439
370
445
373
449
375
453
377
457
Duplex escapement
460
Cases in which either weights or springs are used
467
Striking apparatus
469
Modern printing presses
475
Further improvement
483

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