the curse that I have set before thee, and thou shalt call them to mind among all the nations, whither the Lord thy God hath driven thee,

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2. And shalt return unto the Lord thy God, and shalt obey his voice, according to all that I command thee this day, thou and thy children, with all thy heart, and with all thy soul;

3. "That then the Lord thy God will turn thy captivity, and have compassion upon thee, and will return and gather thee from all the nations whither the Lord thy God hath scattered thee.

4. "If any of thine be driven out unto the outmost parts of heaven, from thence will the Lord thy God gather thee, and from thence will he fetch thee.

5. "And the Lord thy God will bring thee into the land which thy fathers possessed, and thou shalt possess it: and he will do thee good, and multiply thee above thy fathers."

Among the things which should come upon them, which are described at large in the two preceding chapters, it is particularly said, verse 64, chap. xxviii., And the Lord shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other. Therefore this captivity,

from which the Lord will bring them back, cannot be the Babylonian; during which, they were very far from being scattered among all people from one end of the earth to the other. Observe farther, verse 5, that the Lord promises to do them good, and to multiply them above their fathers; which last circumstance does not appear to have been their case, during the time that they possessed their land, after the return from Babylon.

HISTORICAL NOTICES OF THE MISSIONS OF THE SOCIETY.

CENTRAL PRUSSIA.

Berlin.

IN our Historical Notices* of the Missions of the Society, we come now to the important station, the name of which stands at the head of this article.

"BERLIN may be considered as a central point from whence the movements, in these days, towards reform in Judaism, proceed. Many of the Jews at Berlin are intelligent and clever men, as well as highly respectable in their character and the position which they fill in society. These circumstances tend to give weight to their views and wishes respecting the changes, which they desire to make in the worship of the Synagogue and which have caused much division in the Jewish community.

"The worship of the Reformed Jews at Berlin can hardly be called Jewish. Only two or three Hebrew phrases occur in the whole service, which, with the organ and choir constantly chaunting, resembles the Roman Catholic worship more than any thing else.

"This district contains about 37,000 Jews, in the following proportions: Brandenburg, 18,000; part of Pomerania, 4,200; Province of Saxony, 5,500; Kingdom of Saxony, 1,000; Brunswick, 2,000; Saxon Principalities, 6,500; besides the important casual accession of the numbers who assemble from all countries, at the great fairs of

* Historical Notices, published by the Society.

Leipzig and Frankfurt-on-the-Oder. To each of these fairs from 6,000 to 10,000 Jews regularly come up; mainly from Russia, Poland, and the Grand Duchy of Posen. There are also two fairs at Brunswick, and one at Naumburg; besides important wool and other markets. The emigration from the Grand Duchy of Posen to the old provinces of Prussia, and to Brandenburg in particular, is very great since the revolution in 1848. The charter for the admission of Jews into the latter province, dates from the year 1670, when, on being expelled, under the Emperor Leopold, from Austria, the Elector of Brandenburg granted them a refuge in his dominions. Among these early settlers, were the descendants of Abarbanel (the celebrated Jewish commentator of the 15th century, with his brethren expelled from Spain in 1492), who, during their residence in Austria, had assumed the name of "Frankel." The family, Frankel, became the founders of very important printingoffices for Jewish literature, in Berlin, Frankfurton-the-Oder, Jessnitz, and Dessau, One of the family (whose grandson is still living at Dessau) wrote a celebrated commentary on the Jerusalem Talmud, and was afterwards Chief Rabbi in Berlin; and his pupil was Moses Mendelsohn, afterwards the celebrated modern reformer of the Jews. It is a remarkable fact, that of all the Mendelsohn family, so widely branched out, there is only the present head of the house who is still a Jew; all the rest, even the children of the latter, are Christians. Moreover, the families and descendants of Mendelsohn's contemporaries, whose names are appended as subscribers to the different works that were then published, and who were

either literary or rich men, or both, are now Christians, with very few exceptions. This is a remarkable fact, and shows what, through God's blessing, the Gospel has achieved since those days, mainly by the instrumentality of the Jews themselves, though they were unconscious of the great work they were effecting. Dr. F. also, of the Frankel family, at Dessau, is a witness to the truth of Him, of whom Moses in the Law, and the Prophets, did write.

"The number of proselytes at Berlin is estimated at 2,500. This number comprises many individuals of great celebrity; twenty-six professors at the University, and above 100 high in the legal profession.

"Berlin is on many accounts one of the most important stations for a Jewish missionary. The monarchs of Prussia are amongst the foremost and the warmest of the friends to the promotion of Christianity amongst the Jews. The barbarities which disgraced the Middle Ages, and which have continued even to later times, have here been some-what forgotten. For many years a better feeling has prevailed; that intercourse which ought to be found everywhere between Jews and Christians, has been in some measure restored, and this has had no small influence in removing in a great degree, the prejudice and misunderstanding which often render it almost impossible to converse with Jews on a friendly footing. The missionary here, more than anywhere else, finds opportunities for intercourse with Jews of education and learning, as many come here to pursue their studies at the University, or at other public seminaries and institutions. The great number of converts in Berlin, and the in

fluence which it has on the provinces, point it out as the great centre of missionary exertion in Germany. "The Society had no missionary regularly stationed at Berlin until the year 1832, yet some of its Agents visited that capital. Thus in the winter of 1830-1, the Rev. A. M'Caul resided there for several months, and had much intercourse with the Jews. Several hundred converts were received into the Church of Christ by baptism; and the want of a minister, whose special care it should be to watch over their spiritual welfare, was deeply felt.

"In the year 1832, the Rev. W. Ayerst was invited to deliver public lectures in this city, on the great question at issue between Jews and Christians. He commenced the lectures, which were under the immediate sanction of the King of Prussia, in January, 1834, and continued to reside at Berlin until 1837, and had the satisfaction of seeing that every lecture was attended by a greater or less number of Jews, who listened to the arguments adduced in favour of the truth. 200 Jews and Jewesses applied to him during that period for religious instruction as a preparation for a public profession of Christianity. The lectures were continued by the Rev. C. Becker and the Rev. C. W. H. Pauli, who afterwards occupied this station, the latter from 1841 to 1844. The public services were in 1842 attended by overflowing congregations, among which were a great number of Jews and Jewesses; and it was found necessary to erect a new chapel. Mr. Pauli having been stationed at Amsterdam, the Rev. R. Bellson entered upon the duties of this mission in May, 1844, and was in the following year joined by the Rev. B. W. Wright, who devoted a considerable portion of his time to