raised from the Sea. Numerous instances are of the elevation of islands, of greater or less exthe bottom of the sea. of antiquity have mentioned several such inThe elder Pliny says that the celebrated islands and Delos, according to tradition, are sea born, fter these, several smaller islands rose up from of the same sea. Strabo also asserts, positively, was produced in the midst of flames, and both and Justin relate, that the formation of this attended with much fire, and a great boiling of are not entirely dependent on the ancients for s kind, many instances of the elevation of islands en witnessed in later times. Tillard, of the Royal British Navy, was an eye the rising of an island from the ocean, in 1812. e distance off the coast of St. Michael's, one of 3, an immense body of smoke was observed to the water, and from the midst of the smoke, enly burst forth a black column of cinders, ashes , in the form of a spire. This was accompanied ashes of lightning from the thickest part of the moke, and the whole was surrounded by occa, erspouts. ater at this place was thirty fathoms deep, and volcanic phenomena had lasted four days, the an to appear above the surface of the water, and ne twenty feet high in the midst of an island 400 meter. At this time the cliffs of St. Michael's ered by an earthquake, and the island continued il it became at least 200 feet above the level of and was named Sabrina, after Captain Tillard's id not, however, long continue visible, for being efly of ashes and cinders, and not by the elevasolid rocks, it was soon swept away by the waves n. Islands. In the year 1806, there arose from ew island, among the Aleutian group, north of ka. This, according to Langsdorf, who aftered the spot, was four geographical miles ir cire; and the geologist, Von Bush infers from its not having subs of ejected volca from the bottom In 1814, anoth from the bottom the former, and ishing height of In 1820, a new group, on the co In 1757, eight sea, in the vicinit In 1783, the s of Iceland. Many other in but we need not show that islands of volcanic action Eleration of ber, 1822, there h sions on the coast and which shook of 1400 miles fro after the first sho raiso, to the distan raised above its for sent, and who wri ing of the 20th, t a small distance fr approached, on ac now easily accessi the sea, along the and other shell fis grew, and abundan Valparaiso, the e three feet, but at o five feet. Formation of M Mountain, was chi of September, 1539 of Naples, a region The site of the little town, where 11* ing subsided, that it does not, like Sabrina, consist d volcanic matter, but of solid rock, thrown up bottom of the sea. 14, another island was added to the Aleutian group, bottom of the sea. This was much larger than er, and its highest part was elevated to the astoneight of 3000 feet above the level of the sea. 20, a new island was thrown up among the Ionian n the coast of Greece. 57, eighteen small islands were elevated from the he vicinity of the Azores. 33, the same phenomenon happened on the coast id. other instances of sea born islands are recorded, eed not extend this list, our chief object being to t islands are elevated from the ocean by the force ic action. ion of Land by Volcanic Power. In Novem, there happened a series of subterranean convulthe coast of Chili, which continued three months, h shook that part of South America to the extent miles from north to south. On the morning first shock, the whole line of coast along Valpahe distance of 100 miles, was found to have been ove its former level. Mrs. Graham, who was prewho writes this account, states that on the morne 20th, the wreck of an old ship, which lay at istance from the shore, but which could not be ed, on account of the depth of the water, was y accessible. She also found the former bed of long the shore, laid bare, with muscles, oysters, shell fish, adhering to the rocks on which they 1 abundance of fish, dead and on dry land. At o, the elevation of the land was found to be , but at other places, the rise was from four to tion of Monte Nuovo. Monte Nuovo, or New - was chiefly thrown up on the night of the 29th aber, 1538. Its situation is in the neighborhood , a region everywhere volcanic. te of the present Monte Nuovo was formerly a The design c curiosity of the account for phen ing an analogy causes. Thus, the position of its by subterranean great proportion sea. That these cause which eleva day, we shall end Temple of Jup known that portic their level, with r the following is an The temple of tiquity, is situated bay of Naples. A geological ex this bay, shows twenty feet, at a pe evidence presented that the land in the If the coast alor zuoli, be examined land which interve high, rocky cliffs, that the ancient sho design of these facts, is not merely to satisfy the of the reader, but, as will be seen in the sequel, to for phenomena which the earth presents, by show. nalogy between the effects of known and unknown Thus, the earth almost everywhere indicates, by ion of its strata, that its crust has been disturbed rranean forces; and marine remains show that a oportion of the dry land has once been under the hat these changes have been effected by the same nich elevates islands from the sea, at the present shall endeavor to show in another place. e of Jupiter Serapis In a few instances, it is hat portions of land have several times changed el, with respect to that of the sea; and of which ving is an interesting and curious example. emple of Serapis, a celebrated monument of ansituated on the little bay, called Baix, within the aples. logical examination of the coast of Puzzuoli, along shows that the land has been elevated about et, at a period not very remote, so that, without the presented by the temple, there is sufficient proof and in the vicinity has changed its level. coast along the shore, between Naples and Puzexamined, it will be seen that the tract of fertile ch intervenes between the present shore, and the ky cliffs, was evidently once under the water, and ncient shore was near these cliffs. Fig. 10. Sea land cliff near Puzzuoli, is in many places about et high, and quite perpendicular. At its base, the osite attains the height of twenty feet above the is consists of sedimentary matter, mixed with ma rmed under the water ked cut, fig. 10, from Mr. Lyell, will explain of this coast in 1828. a, on the right, shows of antiquities, on a hill south of Puzzuoli; b, now inland; c, terrace composed of marine ecent date. a, on the left, represents the reero's villa, at the north of Puzzuoli; b, anw inland; c, terrace composed of recent ma; d, temple of Serapis. f these level deposites is considered so valuaall has been built for its protection against the me sea; but, in some places, the wall has been , so that the strata are exposed. These connate layers of mud and pumice, enclosing marine shells. One stratum contains large the remains of ancient art, as tiles, and pieces vement.' * ins of the works of art are found below, as e the marine shells. Among the shells are Donax, Buccinum, and Ostrea. (These will red and described, towards the close of this had not been di part of to form pavement was f of magnificent breccia, and a building could b gular form, sev been supported which were of g The large court posed to have be spring, still emp to flow from just spring, it is said. ble conductors." Since the disco have entered int to what deity this situation and cons that it was a bath But our object v these antiquities in Fig. 11. Lithodomus. It is and the Modiola 0 *Breccia is a rock generally of various pillars of the capitol, |