Lectures on the Nyáya Philosophy Embracing the Text of the Tarka-sangrahaPresbyterian Mission Press, 1849 - 59 pages |
Expressions et termes fréquents
abides in earth adharma antecedent apprehended argue argument Aristotle atoms belongs Benares breathes flame cloth colour conclusion conjunction consists devoid duction effect elements employment established ether existence fact fallacy fifth element fire FITZEDWARD HALL flatulence formal cause Harvard College inference inodorous instance instrumental cause intimate union invariable attendance Kanáda knowledge light Logic mind modern mountain is fiery Naiyáyikas nature of sound non-existence non-intimate notion Nyaya object odorous odour organ of sense organized body perception philosophy premises production proposition proposition Logic proved proximity reason reductio ad absurdum regard resides Rhetoric rieties Roman forum sanskára Sanskrit Grammarians savour sensation sky-lotus smoke sorts soul Sound is eternal special cause syllogism tence thing three kinds tion transient unorganic mass wet fuel word अत्र इति एव जले ज्ञानं तच्च तत्र द्विविधा नास्ति नित्या पटस्य पर्वता यत्र यथा शब्दो नित्यः रूपं सच
Fréquemment cités
Page 44 - Laser Print natural white, a 60 # book weight acid-free archival paper which meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (permanence of paper) Preservation photocopying and binding by Acme Bookbinding Charlestown, Massachusetts CD 1995 The borrower must return this item on or before the last date stamped below.
Page 36 - ... to the definition, would, in the present instance, be false. Out of this definition we may carve the premises of the following syllogism : A dragon is a thing which breathes flame : A dragon is a serpent : From which the conclusion is, Therefore some serpent or serpents breathe flame...
Page 24 - For example : having repeatedly and personally observed, in the case of culinary hearths and the like, that where there is smoke there is fire ; having gathered the invariable attendedness of smoke by fire; having gone near a mountain and being doubtful as to whether there is fire in it; having seen smoke on the mountain, a man recollects the invariable attendedness, viz., 'where there is smoke there is fire.
Page 26 - Haughton's Prodromus, p. 215), "that it exhibits a more natural mode of reasoning than is compatible with the compressed limits of the syllogism, and that its conclusion is as convincing as that of the syllogism," the commendation is based simply on a misconception of the syllogism thus disparaged. On the other hand, when it is censured as " a rude form of the syllogism...
Page 31 - The fallacy falls under the first head, when that which is alleged as the proof may be present whilst that which is to be proved is absent : — as for instance, if one should say, ' The mountain is fiery, because the existence of the mountain is "capable of proof/ (the reason assigned would be liable to this Uvf eh i (.t f'lC ' v .ii • A . A v* •• PHILOSOPHY..
Page 15 - To it takes its rise, is an intimate cause (of that effect), as thread* are of cloth, and the cloth itself of its own color. Where this intimate relation exists, that cause which is associated in one and the same object (as a necessarily immanent cause) with such effect or cause, is non-intimate. Thus the conjunction of the threads is the non-intimate cause of the cloth, and the color of the threads that of the color of the i Tarka Snngraha, p.
Page 26 - For example, (1.) The mountain is fiery ; (2.) because it smokes ; (3.) whatever smokes is fiery, as a culinary hearth; (4.) and this does so ; (5.) therefore it is fiery as aforesaid.
Page 31 - ... as] the reason [for inferring the presence of fire]. That which certainly possesses the property in question is called an instance on the same side (sapaksha); as the culinary hearth, in the same example.
Page 43 - Community (samanya) is eternal, one, belonging to more than one, residing in substance, quality, and action. It is of two kinds, the highest and what is lower. The highest is existence (sattwa, primal matter ?) ; the lower is genus (jati, family or race), such as have the nature of substance (elementary substance), and the rest.
Page 24 - In regard to the import of a proposition which the logic of Europe calls a universal affirmative, such as " all men are mortal," the Naiyayika would say that there is pervadedness (vyapti) of humanity by mortality ; — and he would state the proposition thus : " Where there is humanity there is mortality.