CHAMBERS'S ENCYCLOPÆDIA: A DICTIONARY OF UNIVERSAL KNOWLEDGE FOR THE PEOPLE. ILLUSTRATED. AMERICAN REVISED EDITION. IN TEN VOLUMES. VOL. VIII. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & Co. 1877. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. AMBERSS ENCYCLOPEDIA A DICTIONARY OF UNIVERSAL KNOWLEDGE FOR THE PEOPLE PUERTO BELLO-PUERTO RICO PUERTO BELLO, a small decayed seaport town of the United States of Colombia, on the northern shore of the Isthmus of Panama, and 40 miles north of the town of that name. It is surrounded by mountains, has an excellent harbour, is very unhealthy, and has fallen into decay since the year 1739, when it was stormed by Admiral Vernon, during the war between England and Spain. -18° 30′ N., long. 65° 39′-67° 11′ W. It is in size somewhat less than Jamaica, being fully 100 miles from east to west, 40 miles from north to south, and closely resembling a rectangle in shape. Area, 3897 square miles; pop. in 1864, 615,574, of whom 323,032 were pure whites, and 292,542 coloured. Of the latter, 249,900 were free, and the remaining 42,642 were slaves. The island is traversed from east to west by a range of mountains, 1500 feet in average height, The PUERTO DE SANTA MARI'A (usually called EL PUERTO, the Port), a seaport of Spain, in the modern province of Cadiz, stands at the mouth of the Guadalete, in a most fertile district, on the Bay of Cadiz, 6 miles north-east of the city of that name, and 9 miles by railway south-west of Xeres. Suspension-bridges cross the Guadalete and the Rio de S. Pedro. The mouth of the Guadalete forms the harbour; but the bar is dangerous and much neglected. P., a pleasant and well-built town, resembling Cadiz in its houses, and containing only one long and handsome street, while the others are narrow and ill paved, is the port for the shipment of Xeres wines. The wines are lodged in numerous bodegas, or wine-stores, lofty buildings built with thick walls and narrow windows, in order to secure an even temperature inside. From this port about 1,530,000 gallons of Xeres wines are exported to foreign lands, and about 26,000 gallons are trans-exports are sugar, tobacco, coffee, cotton, molasses, rum, hides, and cattle. A great portion of the trade ported inland. The bull-fights which take place is with Britain, but owing to high differential duhere in May are among the most famous in the ties and port charges, it is carried on in Spanish country. Steamers ply three times a day between bottoms. this town and Cadiz, and P. supplies that city with drinking-water at a cost of £10,000 a year. Pop. 21,714. PUERTO PRINCIPÉ, SANTA MARIA DE, an important inland town, in the east of the island of Cuba, about 325 miles east-south-east of Havana, and 45 miles south-west of its port, Las Nuevitas, with which it is connected by railway. Pop. 30,000. PUERTO RICO, an island in the West Indies, belonging to Spain, is one of the Greater Antilles, and lies west of Hayti or St Domingo, lat. 17° 55' reared, of a quality superior to any others in the Cattle and sheep are extensively West Indies. The value of the imports for the year 1871 was £3,500,000, and that of the exports, £3,118,492. The imports consist of cotton, woollen, and provisions, as ale, porter, fruits, wines, &c. The linen, silk, and embroidered goods, metals, hardware, The frequent changes in the executive government of P. R. do not appear to affect its commercial stability. The commerce of the island is almost wholly in the hands of foreigners and Spaniards from the Peninsula. The chief ports are San Juan, commonly called Puerto Rico (pop. stated at 10,000), in the northeast, Ponce in the south-west, and Mayaguez in the west. A preliminary act of emancipation came into operation at the beginning of 1871; and as the slave trade is wholly extinct in the island, the number 1 365 |