me those buttons one after another; can you give them to me? Did they demand of Jesus Christ a sign? When your brother went to the Catholic church, did he always make the sign of the cross (croix?) Did not God give existence to all creatures which exist? Are you ignorant who that man with the white hat is? Why do you distrust that man? Did not that horse which you had last winter frequently break the fence? Has the servant carried the bundle to your grand-father's? Have you lost my gold ring? On what did your brother-in-law breakfast when he was in Havre? He commonly breakfasted on wheat bread and game.) THE HUNDRED AND TWENTY Eloquence, THIRD LESSON. CENT-VINGT-TROISIÈME LEÇON. L'éloquence, Were there many people at Y a-t-il eu beaucoup de monde à l' church? It is clear, What is that good for? That is good for nothing, European, Fluently, Rather than, église ? C'est clair, A quoi cela est-il bon ? Cela n'est bon à rien, Européen, Couramment, Plutôt, que, (de bef. inf.) Rather than squander my money I Plutôt que de dissiper mon argent will keep it, To watch, to be awake, I watched all night, He watches over his affairs, To see that, See that the servant makes a fire, To embarrass, to be in the way, In sentences like the following, permanent position or duty. It is your turn to commence, It belongs to the servant to obey, To laugh in some one's face, A romance, novel, je le garderai, Veiller, J'ai veillé toute la nuit, Il est embarrassé, (de bef. inf.) à denotes turn, as in rotation, and de C'est à vous à commencer, Rire au nez de quelqu'un, Un roman, En être plus avancé, When you shall have money will Quand vous aurez de l'argent, en To be better off, you be better off? An injustice, serez-vous plus avancé ? Une injustice, To put on board, To get on board, To feel regret, be sorry, He has mislaid his watch, Watch over those children, Have you a grudge against that I have not a grudge against him, To raise suspicions, Embarquer, Un regret, (de bef. inf.) Il a égaré sa montre, Veillez sur ces enfans, En voulez-vous à cet homme? A qui en veut-il ? Il nous en veut, Has that man's conduct raised sus- La conduite de cet homme, a-t-elle fait naître des soupçons? Un tambour, Etre endetté, What (Have you been to church to-day? I have been. preacher did you hear? I heard Mr. Henry of the Presbyterian church? Is he an eloquent preacher? He has not much eloquence, but he is a very learned man. Were there many people at church? There were not many because it looked this morning as if it were going to rain. He has done his duty that is clear; is it not clear? It is clear. What is that brush good for? It is good for cleaning shoes. Is that broken knife good for any thing? It is good for nothing. Charles the Fifth (Quint) who spoke several European languages fluently, said (often) that it was necessary (fallait) to speak Spanish with the gods; Italian with the ladies; French with our friends: German with soldiers; English with geese (oies;) Hungarian (hongrois) with horses, and Bohemian (bohémien) with the devil (diable.) Will that boy read those fine books? He will tear them rather than read them.) Rather than wear that coat will you give it away? Does not that young man look as if he watched too late last night? Had not your friend better watch over his affairs? Will you watch over those workmen? Is it not necessary for me to see that the servant makes a fire? Will that woman watch over these children? Do you not wish to get rid of those empty barrels which are in your way? Tell me if I am in your way; am I in your way? That man is embarrassed, is he not? It belongs to the master to teach and to the scholars to study; does it not? It belongs to the father to command and to the children to obey; does it not? Whose turn is it to play? It is my turn to play, it is your turn to read, and it is John's turn to make the fire; is it not? Is it not his turn to make it; and your turn to go for wine? You have blown your nose with my handkerchief; have you not? Snuff (mouchez) the candle; had you not better snuff the candle and blow your nose? Has not that man replied very reasonably? He laughed in my face; is it not very impolite (impoli) to laugh in the face of people? Why did you laugh in that man's face; did he laugh in your face? Why do you suspect that man; what has raised your suspicions? Has his conduct raised your suspicions? Had not young ladies better study than amuse themselves in reading novels? Do not novels excite too much the imagination? Are French novels worse than English novels? When your brother shall have run in debt will he be better off? When you have received your money will you be better off? When those young ladies shall be married will they be better off? Try not to run in debt; had you not better not be in debt than to be in debt? Do you complain that an injustice has been done you? Does that lady complain that an injustice has been done her? Have those passengers (passagers) put their chests on board? Have they got on board? After putting on board your ef fects, did you get on board? In getting rid of his house did not your father feel regret? Does not that man feel regret at selling his horse? Has one announced to you the arrival of General Thompson? Did not the captain always extol his ship? Did the master who instructed you extol his scholars much? (When you go to see the castle of my father, will you stop half-way to take breath? Does not that seem to be in perplexity? What is that great noise? What is that? Do you not know what that is? Have those young ladies betaken themselves to the parlor instead of studying? Have you spent that money without the knowledge of your father? Do you regret having spent your money? Does that woman distrust her servant? Had you much property when you were in France? However rich you may be will you have friends if you are not amiable? Do you go straight along, or do you make a turn to go to the village? Did that soldier keep his gun in good order? Whatever beauty that lady may have is she not very negligent? Can you guess what I do in your absence?) THE HUNDRED AND TWENTY- CENT VINGT-QUATRIÈME LEÇON. Quel que soit, (gov. subj.) Whatever may be the happiness Quel que soit le bonheur que vous Whatever may be, which you enjoy, ayez, Whatever may be the pains which Quelles que soient les peines que vous you take, Any thing whatever, preniez, Quoi que ce soit, (followed by a relative gov. subj.) Any thing whatever which pleases Quoi que ce soit qui vous plaise, me you pleases me also, Ever so little, plait aussi, Pour peu que, (gov. subj.) However little you eat, you fall Pour peu que vous mangiez, vous asleep, To be dying, That horse is dying, To hurry, vous endormez, Ce cheval se meurt, Se mourir, Se presser,(de bef. inf.) That man hurries to finish his Cet homme se presse de finir son Does your sister expect to go to the Notre sœur s'attend-elle à aller au ball? Does she expect that? She expects it, bal ? S'attend-elle à cela ? Fame, renown, The desire, wish, He has the desire to see his father, Il a le désir de voir son père. A relative as, qui, que, dont, où, etc. after a noun of an indefinite character is followed by the subjunctive, when doubt is implied, especially in negative and interrogative sentences. Is there any thing which is more Y a-t-il quelque chose qui soit plus agreeable? agréable ? There is nothing which is more Il n'y a rien qui soit plus agréable, agreeable, Is there any one who can do that? Y a-t-il quelqu'un qui puisse faire Give me a book which I can consult, Choose a place where you can remain, Lend me the book which you are not in want of, Lend me a book which you may not be in want of, Lend me that book which you do not want, cela? Donnez-moi un livre que je puisse consulter, Choisissez une place où vous puissiez rester, Prêtez-moi le livre dont vous n' avez pas besoin, * Prêtez-moi un livre dont vous n' The noun book, in this last sentence, is not indefinite, nor is doubt implied, therefore the verb is the indicative. To re-establish, repair, A cargo, Rétablir, *The distinctive nature of the subjunctive is well illustrated in these last sentences. When the borrower knows what particular book he is to receive, he speaks in the indica tive; Vous me prêterez un livre dont vous n'avez pas besoin. But if the book is not yet selected, and he is uncertain which one he may take, he uses the subjunctive; Vous me preterez un livre dont vous n'ayez pas besoin. So the person who knows what house he is going to buy, may say, J'acheterai une maison qui SERA grande. But if he is only declaring his intention, and is still uncertain what particular house he may buy, he speaks in the subjunctive; J'acheterai une maison qui soit grande. The day before, La veille, I will see you the day before your Je vous verrai la veille de votre dé departure, To drag, Do not let your affairs drag, Within reach of every body, A complaint, lament, He is used to fatigue He is used to it, Whatever may be the happiness which you enjoy, am I not happier than you? You are not happier than I. Whatever may be the fortune which you enjoy, can you not lose it in an instant? I can lose it in an instant. Whatever may be the efforts which you make can you ever succeed? Of whatsoever you speak, had you not better not complain? Whatsoever you like, do not I like it also? However little you work, do you not fatigue yourself? However little that man knows, does he not talk much? Is not that sick man dying? If he is dying, is it necessary to watch him? Are not your trees dying? Does not that man hurry? Does he hurry to finish his task? Will you come to my house the day before the arrival of my father? Is not the day before Friday, Thursday? Do you hurry because you do not like to let your affairs drag? Are you not careless of (ne laissez vous pas traîner) your books? Does not that man love to procrastinate? Have you made yourself ready to set out? Is the discourse of that preacher within reach of every body? Is it not out of the reach of children? Do you wish for what is not within your reach? Do you think that those birds are within gun-shot? Is it more than two gun-shots from here to that tree? Have you given to your mother that parrot? Does she expect to see him die? Does she not expect it? Do you expect to go to the theatre to-night? Do you expect it? To whom has that poor woman made her complaints? Has she made her complaints to some one? that man get used to fatigue during his residence in the country? Has he yet got used to danger? Are you ignorant that a good reputation is worth much? Has your sister bought that beautiful belt? Did not that stranger in dying express a desire to see his children? Have you not a desire Did |