Nouns and adjectives terminating in s, x, z, are the same in the plural: as, The big noses, His bad sons, The old nuts, Les gros nez, Les vieilles noix. You Will Will you be sick if you drink that bad water? I shall be sick if I drink it. Shall I be sick if my foot is sore? will not be sick if your foot is sore. Will you not be sick this month, and shall I not be sick also? We shall not be sick? Will that boy who has a pain in his right hand be contented? Will he who has a pain in his left one be contented? she whose body is healthy be gay? Shall we be gay, or shall we be sad? Will the boys whose eyes are sore be contented? Will they who are lazy be happy? Will that boy be happy when his body shall be healthy? Will that lazy servant's body be healthy? Is his master's left arm sore? Is his right one sore? Which one is sore? Which one will be sore? Which hand is sore? Which one will be sore? Are his right fingers sore, or his left? Which ones are sore? To what ladies does he write? To what ones does he write? To which ones do I write? To what maid-servants do you speak? To which ones do you speak? To what boys do I send? To which ones do I send? Are the lazy boys on the lake? Are they on the lake which has no bottom? Do you see the bottom of that lake? Do you put the old nut at the bottom of the chest? Does the master put these old nuts on the floor in his closet? Is your finger pointed and hooked? Is not the master's nose pointed and hooked? Is not that bird's bill pointed and hooked? Do you take this bad stocking? Do you sell these bad stockings? Is your son lazy? Are your sons lazy? Do you wish for this big nut? Do you wish for these big nuts? What tailoress do you recognize? Do you beat the son of that tailoress? Do you pity that tailoress because her tongue is sore? Are you acquainted with her whose arm is sore? Do you see her whom I see? you see the one who sees me? Do you receive the letters which I write to you? Do I fill the bottle with the water which I drink? Does he fill it with it? Do you receive the men who come to your house? come there? Do Does he receive those who All French verbs have the persons of the future terminating in the Avoir and être have already been given. same manner. He will go, You will go, So terminates the Future in all French verbs, without exception; and hereafter, it will be deemed necessary to give but one person of this tense. The learner can form the others for himself. Let him bear in mind that these are always their terminations: First pers. sing. Third p. s. First p. plu. RAI. The rabbit, The handle, RA. Sec. p. sing. and pl. Third p. pl RONS. REZ. RONT. Le lapin, *Parler le Français means to speak the French language: parler Français means to speak in French. The knee, He will go there, Have you a cravat? I have one, I have two, I have two good ones, Do you neither give nor lend the crowns? I neither give nor lend them, Sans chapeau, Ma chaise neuve, (fem. of neuf,) Avez-vous une cravate? Avez-vous un sou? J'en ai deux bons, Ne donnez-vous ni ne prêtez-vous les écus? Je ne les donne, ni ne les prête. In such sentences, the ne is repeated before every verb. I neither read, nor write, nor study, Je ne lis, ni n'écris, ni n'étudie, ni nor speak, ne parle. I can speak French, can you not speak it? I can not speak it well, can your brother speak it? He can speak it well? Can I not speak Spanish? Can you choose the cravat which you wish? Can your boy choose that which I choose? Can we go out in the morning and in the evening? Can we go out when the others go out? Can the tailoress who makes my cravats come here when it rains? My brother comes here in the morning, can not your sisters come here also? I will go to the house of her who makes gloves and cravats, will you not go there also? Will you go to look for the rabbit? Where will your rabbit go? Will he go to the river? I will go home, will they not go home? We will go to the neighbor's, shall we not go there? We will go to look for our cravats, will they not go to look for their cravats? Does not the handle of that knife look extraordinary? Does it not look very extraordinary? Where is the handle? Do you feel that fog? Does it not look strange? Does not that fog look very strange? Does that boy feel the fog which I feel? Do you hold the handle of my knife? Is that man's back bent and his knee swollen? Do you hold the horse whose back is sore, and whose knee is swollen? Is his back or his knee sore? Do you go without umbrella, and does he go without a hat and without cloak? Do you fill your chest with cravats ? Does the master fill his with cravats ? Does he fill it with them? What do you hold? He holds some dogs. Does he hold two? He holds three large ones, do you not believe that? Does he neither say nor do anything? Do we neither read nor write? Do they neither study, nor read, nor speak? It will rain, TRENTE-SIXIÈME LEÇON. ending in al form the plural by Les chevaux, les caporaux, Do you believe that it will rain? Croyez-vous qu'il pleuvra? The old man. Torn, Than, His violin, More bread than wine, More stockings than gloves, Good, evil, Do you like good better than evil? Le vieillard. Son violon, Que, (de,bef. inf. and noun,) mal? Nouns ending in au and eu, as also the adjectives beau and nouveau take x in the plural. Plurals differing from the rules which have been stated, will be given with their singulars in the lessons. See page 342. In French, as in English, the past participle joined to the present tense of the verb avoir, forms a past tense called the COMPOUND PERFECT. This tense often supplies the place of the English imperfect: i. e. it is often employed when have is not used In the English. ETRE, to be, INDICATIVE, Compound Perfect. We have had, or had. They have had, or had, He has been, or was, You have been, or were, Have you had my violin ? I have not had it, Avez-vous eu mon violon ? Je ne l'ai pas eu. Pronouns and negatives which are placed before or after the verb in simple tenses, are placed before or after the auxiliary in the compound tenses. Have we not had your horses? Have they not had them? N'avons-nous pas eu vos chevaux ? Have I had your horses? You have had my horses. Have I had the horses of these corporals? You have not had theirs, you have had mine. Have you had those animals? Have you not had it? Has the old man had the violin which these generals have had? Has he had that which I have had? Have we not had great labors to do? Have we not had it to do? Have not the generals had the guns of the corporals? Have you had the horses which I have had ? Do you know if it will rain to-morrow? Are that old man's knees swollen? Have his knees been (a-t-il eu les genoux,) swollen? Does that old man believe that it will rain? Does he break his violin? Does man love good better than evil? Have you had the torn pantaloons? Have you not had the old man's violin? I have been sick, have you not been sick? Have I not been sick this month? Has he been sick in this climate? He has been happy in this country, have you not been happy here? Have we been sad or have we been gay? Have we not been very gay? Have the cabbages been good? Have the burdens not been heavy? Have you had the new hats? Have they not been handsome? Have they had some new hats? Is his hair (cheveux,) handsome? Has it (plu,) been always handsome? Are you warm because the fires are good? Do you like tea better than coffee? Does he who is happy like good better than evil? Do you choose good or evil? Will it rain to-day or to-morrow? Will you be contented when you shall be warm? Will you be discontented when you shall be cold? Have you the torn handkerchief? Has the old man had the torn cloak to-day, and will he have it to-morrow also? Do you love to see the pictures? Has he more bread than butter? THE THIRTY-SEVENTH LESSON. The butcher, My father-in-law, TRENTE-SEPTIÈME LEÇON. Le boucher, |