until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many. And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift for the judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of many offences unto justification. For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace, and of the gift of righteousness, shall reign in life by one Jesus Christ.) Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners; so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. I Cor. xv. 21, 22, 45, 49.-For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam was made a quickening spirit. And as we have borne the image of the earthly, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly. (G) Ps. li. 5.-Behold I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me. Job. xiv. 4.-Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.

(H) Eph. ii. 3.-Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.

(1) Rom. vi. 23.-For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. Chap. v. 12.-Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.

(K) Heb. ii. 14, 15.-Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. 1 Thess. i. 10.-And to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, even Jesus, which delivered us from the wrath to come.

4. From this original corruption, whereby we are (L) utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite to all good, and wholly inclined to all evil, do (M) proceed all actual transgressions.

(L) Rom.viii.7.-Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. Col. i. 21.-And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled.

(M) James i. 14, 15.-But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin; and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death. Matt. xv. 19.-For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies.

5. The corruption of nature, during this life, doth (N) remain in those that are regenerated; and although it be through Christ pardoned and mortified, yet both itself, and the first motions thereof, are truly and properly (o) sin.

(N) Rom. vii. 18, 23.-For I know that in me (that is in my flesh) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. But I see another law in my members warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members. Eccles. vii. 20.-For there is not a just man upon earth, that doeth good, and sinneth not. 1 John i. 8.-If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.

(o) Rom. vii. 23, 24, 25.-But I see another law in my members warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin, which is in my members. O wretched man that I am! who shall deliver me from the body of this death? I thank God, through Jesus Christ our Lord. So then with the mind I myself serve the law of God, but with the flesh the law of sin. Gal. v. 17.-For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh and these are contrary the one to the other; so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.

CHAP. VII.

OF GOD'S COVENANT.

1. The distance between God and the creature is so great, that although reasonable creatures do owe obedience unto him as their creator, yet they could never have attained the reward of life but by some (A) voluntary condescension on God's part, which he hath been pleased to express by way of covenant.

(A) Luke xvii. 10.-So likewise ye, when ye shall have done all those things which are commanded you, say, We are unprofitable servants; we have done that which was our duty to do. Job xxxv. 7, 8.-If thou be righteous, what givest thou him? or what receiveth he of thine hand? Thy wickedness may hurt a man as thou art, and thy righteousness may profit the son of man.

2. Moreover, man having brought himself (B) under the curse of the law by his fall, it pleased the Lord to make a covenant of grace, wherein he freely offereth unto sinners (c) life and salvation by Jesus Christ, requiring of them faith in him, that they may be saved; and (D) promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto eternal life, his Holy Spirit, to make them willing and able to believe.

(B) Gen. ii. 17.-But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. Rom. iii. 20, 21.-Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets.

(c) Rom. viii. 3.-For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh. God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the fiesh. Mark xvi. 15, 16.-And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned. John iii. 16.-— For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.

(D) Ezek. xxxvi. 26, 27.-A new heart also will 1 give you, and a new spirit will I put within you; and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. John vi. 44, 45.-No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him and I will raise him up at the last day. It is written in the prophets, And they shall be all taught of God. Every man therefore that hath heard, and hath learned of the Father, cometh unto me. P3. cx. 3.-Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning thou hast the dew of thy youth.

3. This covenant is revealed in the gospel; first of all to Adam in the promise of salvation by the (E) seed of the woman, and afterward by farther steps, until the full (F) discovery thereof was completed in the New Testament; and it is founded in that (G) eternal covenant transaction that was between the Father and the Son about the redemption of the elect; and it is alone by the grace of this covenant that all of the posterity of fallen Adam that ever were (H) saved did obtain life and blessed immortality, man being now utterly incapable of acceptance with God upon those terms on which Adam stood in his state of innocency.

(E) Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman. and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

(F) Heb. i. 1.-God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets.

(G) 2 Tim. i. 9.-Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. Tit. i. 2.-In hope of eternal life, which God, that cannot lie, promised before the world began.

(H) Heb. xi. 6, 13.-But without faith it is impossible to please him: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him. These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. Rom. iv. 1, 2, &c.— What shall we say then that Abraham our father as pertaining to the flesh, hath found? For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory, but not before God. Acts iv. 12.-Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved. John viii. 56.-Your Father Abraham rejoiceth to see my day; and he saw it, and was glad.

CHAP. VIII.

OF CHRIST THE MEDIATOR.

1. It pleased God, in his eternal purpose, to choose and ordain the Lord Jesus, his only begotten Son, according to the covenant made between them both, (A) to be the Mediator between God and man; the (B) prophet, (c) priest, and (D) king; (E) head and saviour of his church, the (F) heir of all things, and (G) judge of the world; unto whom he did from all eternity (H) give a people to be his seed, and to be by him in time redeemed, called, justified, sanctified, and glorified.

(A) Isa. xlii. 1.-Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth: I have put my Spirit upon him he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. 1 Pet. i. 19, 20.-But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot: who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you.

(B) Acts iii. 22.-For Moses truly said unto the fathers, a prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you.

(c) Heb. v. 5, 6.-So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my son, to-day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.

(n) Ps. ii. 6.-Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion. Luke 1. 33.And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.

(E) Eph. i. 22, 23.-And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church, which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.

(F) Heb. i. 2.-Hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds.

(G) Acts xvii.31.-Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.

(H) Isa. liii. 10.-Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. John xvii. 6.-I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have

kept thy word. Rom. viii. 30.-Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called; and whom he called, them he also justified; and whom he justified, them he also glorified.

2. The Son of God, the second person in the Holy Trinity, being very and eternal God, the brightness of the father's glory, of one substance and equal with him who made the world, who upholdeth and governeth all things he hath made, did, when the fulness of time was come, take upon him (1) man's nature, with all the essential properties and common infirmities thereof, (K) yet without sin; being conceived by the Holy Spirt coming down upon her, and the power of the Most High overshadowing her; (L) and so was made of a woman, of the tribe of Judah, of the seed of Abraham and David, according to the scriptures; so that two whole, perfect, and distinct natures were inseparably joined together in one person, without conversion, composition, or confusion; which person is very God and very man yet one (M) Christ, the only mediator between God and man.

(1) John i. 14.-And the word was made flesh, and dwelt among us (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father), full of grace and truth. Gal. iv. 4.- But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his son, made of a woman, made under the law.

(K) Rom. viii. 3.-For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh. Heb. ii. 14, 16, 17.-Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil. For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of Abraham. Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. Heb. iv. 15.-For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.

(L) Luke i. 27, 31, 35.-To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary. And behold thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name Jesus. And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee; therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God.

(M) Rom. ix. 5.-Whose are the fathers, and of whom, as concerning the flesh, Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. 1 Tim. ii. 5.-For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

3. The Lord Jesus in his human nature thus united to the divine, in the person of the Son, was sanctified and anointed (N) with the Holy Spirit above measure, having in him (0) all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge; in whom it pleased the Father that (P) all fulness should dwell, to the end that being (2) holy, harmless, undefiled, and full (R) of grace and truth, he might be throughly furnished to execute the office of a mediator and (s) surety; which office he took not upon himself, but was thereunto (r) called by his Father; who also put (u) all power and judgment in his hand, and gave him commandment to execute the same.

(N) Ps. xlv. 7.-Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows. Acts x. 38.-How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power; who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; for God was with him. John iii. 34.-For he whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God: for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him.

(0) Col. ii. 3.-In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. (P) Col. i. 19.-For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell.

(Q) Heb. vii. 26.-For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens.

(R) John i. 14.-And the word was made flesh, and dwelt among us (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father), full of grace and truth.

(s) Heb. vii. 22.-By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament.

(T) Heb. v. 5.-So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to-day have I begotten thee.

(u) John v. 22, 27.-For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son: And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man. Matt. xxviii. 18. And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. Acts ii. 36.Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.

4. This office the Lord Jesus did most (x) willingly undertake, which that he might discharge he was made under the law, (r) and did perfectly fulfil it, and underwent the (z) punishment due to us, which we should have borne and suffered, being made (▲ 1) sin and a curse for us; enduring most grievous sorrows (B 1) in his soul, and most painful sufferings in his body; was crucified, and died, and remained in the state of the dead, yet saw no (c 1) corruption: on the (D 1) third day he arose from the dead with the same (E 1) body in which he suffered, with which he also (F 1) ascended into heaven, and there sitteth at the right hand of his Father (G 1) making intercession, and shall (H 1) return to judge men and angels at the end of the world.

(x) Ps. xl. 7, 8.-Then said I, Lo, I come: in the volume of the book it is written of me, I delight to do thy will, O my God; yea, thy law is within my heart. Heb. x. 5-10.--Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me: In burnt-offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure. Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me) to do thy will, O God. Above, when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt-offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law; Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second. By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. John x. 18.-No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.

(Y) Gal. iv. 4.-But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law. Matt. iii. 15.-And Jesus answering, said unto him, Suffer it to be so now; for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered him.

(z) Gal.iii. 13.-Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree. Isa. liii. 6.—All we, like sheep, have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. 1 Pet. iii. 18.For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spiri

(A 1) 2 Cor. v. 21.-For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

(B1) Matt. xxvi. 37, 38.—And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy. Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me. Luke xxii. 44.-And being in an agony, he prayed more earnestly: and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground. Matt. xxvii. 46.— And about the ninth hour, Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani; that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?

(c1) Acts xiii. 37.—But he, whom God raised again, saw no corruption.