Un canif, a penknife.

Une affaire, an affair; a business.
La banque, the bank.

Pourquoi, why.

Parce que, because.

Quand, when.

Exercise 12.

1. Je me lave. 2. Je ne m'amuse pas. trompez. 4. Il se blâme. patience; j'en ai aussi. beaucoup d'argent. 9.

avez assez.

3. Vous vous

5. Elle se flatte. 6. Il a de la 7. Vous n'en avez pas. 8. Ils ont

Nous en avons peu. 10. Vous en 11. J'ai un couteau; en avez-vous un? 12. Je

14. N'avez-vous pas

Marie n'en a pas.

18. J'en ai besoin.

n'en ai pas. 13. Charles en a deux. de fourchette? 15. J'en ai une. 16. 17. Avez-vous besoin de ce canif? 19. Où sont les ciseaux; maman en a besoin. 20. Pourquoi parlez-vous de cette affaire? 21. J'en parle, parce qu'il en parle. 22. Quand il y pense, il en parle. 23. Je n'y pense jamais. 24. Je vais à la banque. 25. J'en viens. 26. Henri y est. 27. Je le sais. 28. Vous êtes fatigué, et je le suis aussi.

Theme 12.

1. I blame myself. 2. You deceive yourself. 3. He amuses himself. 4. She flatters herself. 5. You have courage, and I have some too. 6. She has money, and you have none. 7. We have friends. 8. They have some too. 9. Have you a fork? 10. I have one. 11. Louis has not. 12. I have no knife. 13. Mary has two. 14. I have your penknife; have you need of it? 15. I have no need of it. 16. I think of (to) that affair. 17. When you think of it (to it), you speak of it. 18. Why do you speak of it? 19. Because I always think of it. 20. William is at the

bank. 21. I know it. 22. I come from there. 23. I go there. 24. He goes there too. 25. You are tired, and we are (so) too.

THIRTEENTH LESSON.

COLLOCATION OF OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS.

1. When two objective pronouns accompany a verb, the following order is to be observed.

The pronouns of the first and second persons precede the pronouns of the third person:

Me le, me la, me les.
Te le, te la, te les.

Nous le, nous la, nous les.
Vous le, vous la, vous les.

It to me, them to me.
It to thee, them to thee.
It to us, them to us.

It to you, them to you.

If both pronouns are of the third person, the direct object, le, la or les, precedes the indirect object, lui or leur; but the indirect object se precedes the direct object.

Le lui, la lui, les lui.

Le leur, la leur, les leur.

Se le, se la, se les.

It to him or her, them to him.

It to them, them to them.

It to himself, them to himself, etc.

POSITION OF EN AND Y.

En follows the other objective pronouns, and immediately precedes the verb:

M'en, nous en, vous en.

Lui en, leur en.

L'en, les en.

Some to me, to us, to you.

Some to him, to them.

It from there, them from there.

The adverb y follows the objective pronouns, except the pronoun en.

M'y, nous y, vous y.

L'y, les y.

Y en.

Me there, us there, you there.

Him, her or it there; them there.
Some there.

REM. The negative particle ne immediately follows the subject;

hence it precedes the objective pronouns.

1. C'est un beau dessin; me le donnez-vous ?

2. Je vous

le donne. 3. Qui vous a donné ce bel oiseau ? 4. Ma tante me l'a apporté dans cette jolie cage. 5. Jules sait une belle histoire; il nous l'a racontée.* 6. Ce sont de beaux ananas; qui vous les a donnés ?* 7. Mon cousin nous les a envoyés. 8. Charles a un beau violon; son oncle le lui a envoyé de Paris. 9. Il nous l'a montré. 10. Julie a un beau bouquet; Henri le lui a donné. 11. Louise a une belle bague; son père la lui a achetée. 12. Vos neveux ont de belles gravures; leur oncle les leur a prêtées.* 13. Vous avez de belles fleurs; m'en donnez-vous? 14. Je

*The past participle agrees with the direct object of the verb. See Less. 21, Sec. 4-3.

vous en donne. 15. Je lui en donne. 16. Je leur en donne. 17. J'ai été au concert; mon père m'y a mené. 18. Je vous y ai vu. 19. Jean est à la banque; je l'y ai envoyé. 20. Mes livres sont à l'école; je les y ai portés ce matin.

Theme 13.

1. You have a fine violin. 2. My uncle (has) sent it to me from Paris. 3. I have a beautiful pine-apple; I give it to you. 4. That is a fine ring. 5. My father (has) bought* it for me. 6. Those (Ce) are fine drawings. 7. My aunt (has) lent* them to us. 8. Charles has fine engravings. 9. He has shown* them to us. 10. That is a beautiful story. 11. I have related* it to him. 12. This fine bouquet is for my cousin Henrietta; I send it to her. 13. Those pretty birds and that pretty cage are for Julius; his aunt sends them to him. 14. Your nephews have apples; I gave (have given) them to them. 15. Mary has bought oranges; she 16. I have peaches; I give you some. 17. I give him some. 18. I give them some. 19. The money is in (à) the bank; I carried it there. 20. I go to the concert; my father takes me there.

gave me one.

.

FOURTEENTH LESSON..

DISJUNCTIVE PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

1. The disjunctive personal pronouns are:

* Make the past participle agree with the direct object of the verb, the same as

if it were an adjective. See Less. 21, Sec. 4-3.

+ For me, me (indir. obj.).

Soi, himself, herself, itself, themselves, one's self.

2. REMARKS ON THE DISJUNCTIVE PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

The disjunctive personal pronouns are used:

(1.) When the verb is not expressed, as :

Qui m'appelle? Moi.

Qui appelle-t-il? Moi.

Vous êtes plus grand que moi.

Who calls me? I.

Whom does he call? Me.

You are taller than I.

(2.) In apposition with other pronouns, for the sake of emphasis, and also to state separately the persons forming a compound subject or object.

Toi, tu es l'homme.

Lui et moi (nous) sommes amis.

Thou art the man.

He and I are friends.

(3.) After the verb être, when it is preceded by ce.

C'est moi. C'est lui.

(4.) After prepositions.

Il parle de moi.

3.

It is I. It is he.

He speaks of me.

Chez, To, AT or IN THE HOUSE OF.

The preposition chez is used in the sense of to or at the house of.

Chez Monsieur Delmar.

Chez le médecin.

To or at the house of Mr. Delmar.

To or at the doctor's.

Chez is used with the disjunctive personal pronouns for

to or at my house, my home.