as indebted to him, even for my life. The fatigue of travelling, added to the effect of bad air and unwholesome food, rendered a quartan fever fo habitual to me, that had it not been for his care and skill, I must have funk under it. He prefcribed for me, administered every medicine with his own hands, carefully guarded my diet, and, after nurfing me as his own fon, at laft reftored me to health. When I recovered, he ranfacked all his collection for drawings, charts, maps, books, antiquities, minerals, and whatever elfe might forward the object of our travels; accompanied us upon the most wearifome excurfions, in fearch not only of the infects and plants of the country, but also of every document which might illuftrate either its antient or its modern history *. His decline of life has been embittered by a variety of unmerited affliction, which he has borne even with Stoical philofophy. Splendid as his refidence appeared, the air of the place was fo bad, that the moft rigid abitinence from all forts of animal food was infufficient to preferve the inhabitants from fevers. We left him determined to pafs the remnant of his days in cultivating vine. yards among the rocks upon the fouth coaft of the peninfula. There was reafon to hope, that by the death of Paul he might have been called to honours and emoluments; but fubfequent travellers in Rudia do not furnih intelligence fo creditable to the adminiftration of the new Sovereign. When the late Empress Catharine fent him to refide in the Crimea, with a grant of lands in the peninfula, it was intended for the re-establishment of his health, and as a reward for his long fervices; neither of which purposes has been accomplished. A splendid establishment in the midst of unwholefome air, has been all the recompence he has obtained. Thus it is, that we find him in the fixtieth year of a life devoted to fcience, opening his laft publication with an allufion to the difquietude and hardships, which opprefs him in his prefent refidence, and embitter his declining days +." We used every endeavour to prevail upon him to quit the country, and accompany us to England; but the advanced period of his life, added to the certainty of lofing all his property in Ruffia, prevented "If either he or his family fhould ever caft their eyes upon thefe pages, they will here find the only acknowledgment we have been able to render for fuch unexampled benevolence. His kindness has indeed been ill requited; the political differences between England and Ruffia, together with other untoward circumftances, have put it out of our power to fulfil, even the few commiffions with which he honoured us when we parted. The profile of him, engraved as a vignette, was taken from the life; and as it offers a moft ftriking resemblance of his features, it is hoped the infertion of it will not be deemed a fuperfluous addition to the number of engravings." "+See Preface to Vol. II. of Travels in the South of Ruffia.” his his acquiefcence. The ceremony of his daughter's marriage with a German officer took place during our refidence with him in the Crimea, and was celebrated according to the rites of the Greek church; fo that, as he was abfolved from almost every tie which - ought to have confined him to the country, there was fome reason to hope he would have liftened to our propofals; by acceding to which his life might be prolonged, and his publications completed. Our entreaties however were to no effect; and perhaps, before this meets the public eye, our friend and benefactor will be no more." P. 457. Neither can we deny ourselves the pleasure of recom mending the whole of this chapter as deferving the most attentive perufal, as difplaying the best talents and beft feelings of the author, and as honourable to his fame as a fcholar, a naturalift, as well as an elegant writer. The account of the Jewish Cemetery, in particular, juftifies the above affertion in each fpecification. We now approach the termination, we cannot fay of our labours, for time and attention were never more agreeably exercifed, but of this firft part of Dr. Clarke's Travels; and the twentieth chapter conducts us from the capital of the Crimea to the Heracleotic Cherfonefus. This portion is enlivened by various remarks on fubjects of natural hiflory, and rendered impreffive by much fcholaftic investigation. The more peculiarly interefting objects which prefent themfelves, are the ruins and caverns of Inkerman, the Cippus of Theagenes, the illuftrations of ancient geography, and the description of the Vale of Balachava. We are inclined to find fault with the caricature which is prefixed to the narrative of the journey from the Heracleotic Cherfonefus along the fouth coaft of the Crimea, as in every refpect unworthy of the accomplished and, as we well know, amiable traveller. We moreover learn from unequivocal teftimony, that fome of the fineft men in the world are to be found among the Ruffian infantry. We are difpofed to forget this ebullition of ill humour, as foon as we proceed along the valley of Baidan, and become acquainted with the domeftic manners and habits of the Tartars. We paufe, however, with no common fatisfaction, when we are conducted to the celebrated CRIUMETOPON, mentioned by all the ancient geographers. The different villages along this interefting, coaft are defcribed in the author's ufual lively manner. In this part of the work alfo, the reader is both entertained and inftructed by a very long and copious extract from the manufcript journal of Mr. S.s ... Heber, Heber, and fome curious anecdotes of Potemkin, Suvarof, and other eminent perfonages are interfperfed. The 22d chapter details the particulars of a fecond excurfion to the minor peninfula of the Heracleotæ, in which the travellers were accompanied by Profeffor Pallas. The moft confpicuous features of this chapter are the Fortress of Mankoop, the Cape of the Winds, the Fuller's-Earth Pits, fome pertinent obfervations on the climate, the Tartar Nobles, &c. The remainder of the volume conducts us from the Crimea to the Ifthmus of Perecop to Nicolaef, from the latter place to Odessa, and thence to the harbour of Ineada in the Black Sea, and finally to Conftantinople. In the first part of this portion the reader is amufed with fome interefting defcriptions and curious anecdotes, all ilduftrative of Dr. Clarke's object, to exhibit a comprehenfive impreffion of the people whom he faw and the regions which he vifited. As fome novel particulars are communicated concerning the benevolent Howard, we felect them for our laft extract. "The particulars of Mr. Howard's death were communicated to me by his two friends, Admiral Mordvinof, then Chief Ad..miral of the Black Sea fleet, and Admiral Priestman, an English officer in the Ruffian fervice; both of whom were eye-witneffes ..of his last moments. He had been entreated to vifit a lady about twenty-four miles from Cherfon, who was dangerously ill. Mr. Howard objected, alledging that he acted only as phyfician to the poor; but hearing of her imminent danger, he afterwards yielded to the perfuafion of Admiral Mordvinof, and went to fes her. After having prefcribed that which he deemed proper to be adminiftered, he returned; leaving directions with her family, to fend for him again if fhe got better; but adding, that if, as he much feared, the fhould prove worfe, it would be to no purpose. Some time after his return to Cherfon, a letter arrived, ftating that the lady was better, and begging that he would I come without lofs of time. When he examined the date, he perceived that the letter, by fome unaccountable delay, had been eight days in getting to his hands. Upon this, he refolved to go with all poffible expedition. The weather was extremely tempeftuous and very cold, it being late in the year, and the rain fell in torrents. In his impatience to fet out, a conveyance not being immediately ready, he mounted an old dray horfe, ufed in Admiral Mordvinof's family to carry water, and thus proceeded. "Thirty-five versts.” to vifit his patient. Upon his arrival, he found the lady dying; this, added to the fatigue of the journey, affected him fo much, that it brought on a fever. His clothes, at the fame time, had been wet through; but he attributed his fever entirely to another caufe. Having adminiftered fomething to his patient to excité perfpiration; as foon as the fymptoms of it appeared, he put his hand beneath the bed-clothes to feel her pulfe, that the might not be chilled by removing them, and believed that her fever was thus communicated to him. After this painful journey, Mr. Howard returned to Cherfon, and the lady died. It had been almost his daily cuftom, at a certain hour, to vifit Admiral Priestman; when, with his ufual attention to regularity] he would place his watch on the table, and pass exactly an hour with him in converfation. The Admiral, finding that he failed in his ufual visits, went to fee him, and found him weak and ill, fitting before a ftove in his bed-room. Having enquired after his health, Mr. Howard replied, that his end was approaching very fast; that he had feveral things to fay to his friend, and thanked him for having called. The Adiniral, finding him in fuch a melancholy mood, endeavoured to turn the converfation, imagining the whole might be merely the refult of low fpirits ; but Mr. Howard foon affured him it was otherwife; and added, Prieftman, you ftyle this a very dull converfation, and endeavour to divert my mind from dwelling upon death; but I enter tain very different fentiments. Death has no terrors for me: it is an event I always look to with chearfulness, if not with plea fure; and be affured, the fubject of it is to me more grateful than any other. I am well aware I have but a fhort time to live; my mode of life has rendered it impoffible that I should get rid of this fever. If I had lived as you do, eating heartily of animal food, and drinking wine, I might, perhaps, by diminishing my diet, be able to fubdue it. But how can fuch a man as I am lower his diet, who has been accustomed for years to exift on vegetables and water, a little bread and a little tea? I have no method of lowering my nourishment, and therefore I must die. It is fuch jolly fellows as you, Prieftman, who get over these fevers.' Then, turning the fubject, he spoke of his funeral; and cheerfully gave directions concerning the manner in which he would be buried. There is a fpot,' faid he, near the village of Dauphigny, which would fuit me nicely: you know it well, for I have often faid I fhould like to be buried there; and let me beg of you, as you value your oid friend, not to suffer any pomp to be ufed at my funeral; nor any monument, or monumental infeription whatsoever, to mark where I am laid; but lay me quietly in the earth, place a fun-dial over my grave, and let me be forgotten.' Having giving thefe directions, he was very earneft in foliciting that Admiral Priestman would lofe no time in fecuring the object of his wifhes; but go immediately, and fettle S$3 with with the owner of the land for the place of his interment, and prepare every thing for his burial. The Admiral left him upon his melancholy errand, fearing at the fame time, as he himself informed me, that the people would believe him crazy, to folicit a burying-ground for a man who was then living, and whom no perfon yet knew to be indif pofed. However, he accomplished Mr. Howard's wishes, and returned to him with the intelligence: at this his countenance brightened, a gleam of evident fatisfaction came over his face, and he prepared, to go to bed. Soon after, he made his will; leaving as his executor a trufty follower, who had lived with him more in the capacity of a friend than of a fervant, and whom he charged with the commiffion of bearing his will to England. It was not until after he had finished his will, that any fymptoms of delirium appeared. Admiral Prieftman, who had left him for a hort time, returned and found him fitting up in his bed, adding what he believed to be a codicil to his will; but this confifted of feveral unconnected words, the chief part of which were illegible, and all without any meaning. This ftrange compofition he defired Admiral Prieftman to witnefs and fign; and, in order to pleafe him, the Admiral confented; but wrote his name, as he bluntly faid, in Ruffian characters, left any of his friends in England, reading his fignature to fuch a codicil, fhould think he was alfo delirious. After Mr. Howard had made what he conceived to be an addition to his will, he became more compofed. A letter was brought to him from England, containing intelligence of the improved ftate of his fon's health; ftating the manner in which he paffed his time in the country, and giving great reafon to hope that he would recover from the diforder with which he was afflicted*. His fervant read this letter aloud; and, when he had concluded, Mr. Howard turned his head towards him, faying, Is not this comfort for a dying father?' He expreffed great repugnance against being buried according to the rites of the Greek Church; and begging Admiral Priestman to prevent any interference with his interment on the part of the Ruffian pricfts, made him alfo promife, that he would read the fervice of the Church of England over his grave, and bury him in all refpects according to the forms of his country. Soon after this laft request, he ceafed to fpeak. Admiral Mordvinof came in, and found him dying very faft. They had in vain befought him to allow a phyfician to be fent for; but Admiral Mordvinof renewing this folicitation with great earneftnefs, Mr. Howard affented by nodding his head. The phyfician came, but was too late to be of any fervice. A rattling in the throat had commenced; and the phyfician administered what is called the mufk ***Mr. Howard's fon laboured under an attack of infanity." draught, |