Aali Pacha (Turkey), 12, 105, 106.

Abercromby, British representative at Turin,
61n, 62.

Adrianople, Treaty of (Russia and Turkey,
September 14, 1829), 102.
Aix-la-Chapelle, Treaty of (1748), 43.
Aldunate, Señor (Chile), 157, 162.
Alfred, Prince of England, 128.
Alsace-Lorraine, 1, 21, 24n, 31, 56.
Alvarez, Alejandro (Chile), 26.
American Civil War, 150.

American Peace Commission (1898), 25n.
American Revolution, 4

Amiens, Treaty of (1802), 122.

Ancon, Treaty of (Chile and Peru, October
20, 1883), 2, 20, 26, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162,
text, 992.

Anselme General (France), 43, 44.

Antonelli, Cardinal, 95.

Apenrade Resolution, 147.

Arbitration (Tacna-Arica dispute), 157, 159,
161, 163.

Arequipa, Bishop of, 164.

Arica. See Tacna-Arica Question.

Arnim, von (Prussia), 11, 135, 136, 142.
Arthur, President of the United States, 157.
Audinet, Eugène, 22.

Augustenburg, Duke of, 138, 141, 142.
Austria, 11, 12, 15, 17, 32; and Belgian Com-
munes, 45 et seq.; and France, 7, 45, 79;
and Ionian Islands, 123, 128-9, 131; and
Italian duchies (1848), 58 et seq.; and
Italian duchies (1859), 65 et seq.; and
Italian duchies (1860-70), 72 et seq.; and
Italy, 97; and Lombardy, 13, 58 et seq.;
64; and Moldavia and Wallachia, 18, 101
et seq.; and Parma, 64; and Piacenza, 64;
and Schleswig-Holstein, 1, 16, 19, 132 et
seq., (mediation) 140; and Tuscany, 65 et
seq.; and Umbria and Marches, 95; and
Venetia, 63, 64, 96–7. See also Treaties.
Austrian Netherlands. See Belgian Com-

munes.

Avignon and Comtat Venaissin, 1, 6; under
dominion of Holy See, 33; an enclave in

midst of French departments, 34; people
enjoy privileges of French citzenship, 34;
France claims title to, 34, 35; Papal title
to, 34, 35-6; French revolution spreads to,
34; their union with France proposed by
neighboring French departments, 35; pro-
test of Comtat against union, 35; Avig-
non petitions union with France, 6, 35;
Constituent Assembly of France decides
against union without vote of the people,
36; civil war, 36; Avignon votes for union
with France, 36; French Assembly votes
against annexation, 36; French mediation
to end civil war, 37; peace (Preliminaries
of Orange), 37; plebiscite, 37-8; vote for
union with France presented to French
Assembly, 38; report of the Committee on
Avignon, 38; vote a matter of contro-
versy, 39; Pope relinquishes all rights in
favor of France (Treaty of Tolentino),
40. Documents, 173 et seq. See also
Treaties.

Balance of Power, 17, 20.

Balsche, Turkish regent over Moldavia, 110,
111.

Barnave (France), 35n.

Béclard, French consul at Bucharest, 109.
Belgian Communes (Brussels, Hainault, Na-
mur, Louvain, Malines, Tournai, Ypres,
Ghent, Liège, Mons, Charleroi, Grammont,
Brabant), 1, 8; French military invasion,
45; French victory of Jemappes (1792),
45; French proclamation asserting Belgian
sovereignty, 45; French machinations look-
ing toward annexation, 46–51; Belgian pe-
tition to French Convention, 46; French
commissioners to, 46, 47, 48; French de-
cree providing for provisional government
and elections, and prejudging union with
France, 46-7; Belgian protest against
French decree, 47; plans for Belgian Na-
tional Assembly, 47; Belgian national com-
missioners, 48; elections ordered, 48, 50;
Brussels vote for reestablishment of the

government of 1790, 48; Liège and dis-
tricts vote for union with France, 49, 50;
annexation of Liège to France, 50; pri-
mary assemblies of Mons, Ghent and
Brussels, 50; forced vote for union, 51;
annexation to France, 51; annexation of
Ypres, Grammont, Brabant, et al., to
France, 51. Documents, 302 et seq.
Berlin, Congress of (1878), 2, 20, 30.
Bernadotte, House of, 166.

Bernstorff, Count von (Germany), 17.
Barlow, Joel (United States), 7.
Billinghurst, President of Peru, 164.
Billinghurst-Latorre protocol (Chile and
Peru, April 16, 1898), 161, 163, text, 1000.
Bingen (Rhine Valley), 52, 54, 55.
Biron (France), 45.

Bismarck, 1, 16, 19, 96, 139, 140, 141, 142,
143, 145, 146.

Blaine-Trescot Mission, 157.
Bluntschli, Johann Kaspar, 23.
Bohemia, 31.

Bolivia and the Tacna-Arica Question, 156 et
seq. See also Treaties.
Bollène, Commune of, 40n.

Boncompagni, Sardinian Commissioner in
Tuscany, 68, 69, 74.
Bonfils, Henri, 24.
Bouche (France), 36n.

Bourdois, French agent to Belgian Com-
munes, 46n.

Bourgeois, Léon, 24, 87.

Bourqueney, French plenipotentiary to the

Congress of Paris (1856), 12, 105, 106.
Brabant. See Belgian Communes.
Brunnow, Russian delegate to the Congress
of Paris (1856), 12, 105, to the London
Conference (1864), 17, 18, 143, 144.
Brussels. See Belgian Communes.
Bulwer, Sir Henry (Great Britain), 106, 115,
117.

Bunsen, Prussian Minister at London, 11,
136, 137.

Buol-Schauenstein, Count (Austria), 105,

106.

Burgundy, 3.

Cabouat, Jules (France), 22.
Caderousse, Commune of, 39n.
Cadorna, General (Italy), 98, 99.

Calderon, President of Peru, 157, 158.
California, 22.

Calvo, Carlos, 26.

Cambon (France), 8, 46, 55.
Campo-Formio, Treaty of (1797), 122.
Camus, French Commissioner to Belgian
Communes, 47, 48.

Carlo Alberto, King of Sardinia, 58, 59, 60,
62, 63.

Carstensen, Chamberlain (Denmark), 153,
154.

Cavaillon, electoral assembly of, 39.

Cavour (Sardinia), 1, 12, 14, 15, 65, 66, 67,
73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 87,
88, 89, 90, 91, 94, 96.

Cazales (France), 36n.

Cecil, Lord Robert (Great Britain), 118.
Cephalonia. See Ionian Islands.
Cerigo. See Ionian Islands.
Charlemagne, 7, 41.

Charleroi. See Belgian Communes.
Charles V, King of Spain, 3.

Charles Louis of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen,

King of Rumania, 121, 122.

Chaussard, French Commissioner to Brus-
sels, 48n, 50.

Chépy, French agent to Belgian Communes,
46n.

Chile, 2, 26; and Tacna-Arica Question, 156

et seq.; reservation to Hague Convention
for pacific settlement of international dis-
putes, 164n. See also Treaties.
Christian VIII, King of Denmark, 133.
Christian IX, King of Denmark, 139, 142.
Clarendon, Earl of (Great Britain), 12, 105,
109, 110, 142.

Clausen, delegate from Schleswig-Holstein to
Danish government, 134.
Clement VI (Pope), 34.

Clermont-Tonnerre (France), 36.

Comtat Venaissin. See Avignon and Com-
tat Venaissin.

Confederate States of America, 29n.
Conferences and Congresses: Berlin (1878),
2, 20, 30; Hague (1907), 164; London
(1852), 138; London (1864), 1, 16-7, 33,
142 et seq., text of protocols, 886; Pan
American Conferences, 164; Paris (1856),
1, 12, 105 et seq., 119, 121, text of protocols,
732; Paris (1858), 118; Vienna (1814-5),
2, 9, 17, 20, 30; Vienna (1854), 103-4, text
of memorandum, 726.

Corbett, British representative at Florence,
68, 69.

Corfu. See Ionian Islands.

Couvrai, Louvet de (France), 41.

Couza, Prince Alexander (Moldavia and
Wallachia), 18, 119, 120, 121.

Cowley, Lord (Great Britain), 12, 18, 80,
105n, 118, 121.

Crete, 20.

Crimean War, 11, 101, 103.

Crispi, Francisco, agent of Mazzini (Young
Italy), 89, 91.

Custine, General (France), 7, 52, 53.

Danish West India Company, 150n.
Danton (France), 41, 47, 48, 49.

Danubian Principalities (see also Moldavia
and Wallachia; European Commission for
Danubian Provinces), 11, 12, 18, 19.

Dauphiny, 42n.

Decazes, Duke (France), 23n.

Delacroix, French Commissioner to Belgian
Communes, 47, 48.

Delafield, General (United States), 150n.
Denmark, 9n, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25; and
Schleswig-Holstein, 132 et seq., (media-
tion) 140, 151; and St. Thomas, St. John
and St. Croix, 149 et seq.; new constitu-
tion, 155n. See also Treaties.
Depretis, Pro-dictator of Sicily, 90, 91.
Despagnet, F. C. R. (France), 24.

Desportes, French Minister at Geneva, 56,
57.

Djemil Bey (Turkey), 105n.

Douai (Merlin de), French Commissioner to
Belgian Communes and Rhine Valley, 48,
49n, 53, 54.

Dumouriez, General (France), 7, 45, 46, 47,
48, 49.

Duport, French Minister of Justice, 40.

Elliot, British Minister at Naples, 92.
Emilia (see also Modena, Parma, Romagna),
1, 14; States comprising, 72, 73; plan for
plebiscite to determine political status,
72-4; elections called, 74; method of vot-
ing, 74; union with Sardinia voted, 75;
union with Sardinia decreed, 75. Docu-
ments, 499 et seq.

Ems dispatch, 21.
Engadine, Swiss, 42n.

England. See Great Britain.
Erasmus, 3.

Eugene, Prince of Savoy, 72.

European Commission for Danubian Prov-
inces, 12, 106, 107, 109, 113, 115, 116, 117.

Farini (Italy), 74, 75.

Fiore, Pasquale (Italy), 24, 26.

Flanders, Count of, 121.
Florida, 22.

Forster, French Commissioner to Rhine Val-
ley, 53, 55.

France, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21,
23, 24, 25, 28; and Belgian Communes, 45
et seq.; and Comtat Venaissin, 33 et seq.;
and Crimean War, 103; and Danish West
Indies, 150; and Geneva, 56-7; and Ionian
Islands, 122, 127; and Italy, 96; and
Moldavia and Wallachia, 101 et seq.; and
Mülhausen, 55-6; and Nice, 43 et seq., 75 et
seq.; and Rhine Valley, 51 et seq.; and
Rome, 98 et seq.; and St. Bartholomew,
155-6; and Sardinia, 72; and Savoy, 41 et
seq., 75 et seq.; and Sicily and Naples, 90;
and Schleswig-Holstein, 135-49 passim,
(mediation) 140; and Umbria and the
Marches, 95; and Venetia, 96. See also
Treaties.

Francis I, King of France, 3.

Francis II, King of the Two Sicilies, 96n.
Francis Joseph, King of Austria, 13, 66, 96,
97.

Frankfort, Treaty of (France and Germany,
May 10, 1871), 21n, 30.

Frederick VII, King of Denmark, 133.
Frelinghuysen, F. T. (United States), 157.
French Revolution, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 33-55
passim.

Frijs, Count (Denmark), 151, 152.
Fuad Pacha (Turkey), 118.

Fusinato, Guido (Italy), 27, 29, 30, 83.

Gastein Convention, 145.

Garibaldi (Italy), 15, 82, 89, 90, 92, 96, 98.
Geffcken, 23.

Geneva, enclave in midst of French Depart-
ments, 56; economic dependence upon
France, 56; French machinations looking
toward union, 56, 57; administrative and
legislative council, 57; special commission
to decide upon union with France, 57; un-
willing vote for union with France, 57;
treaty of union and annexation, 9, 57; op-
tion clause of treaty, 57. Documents, 359
et seq. See also Treaties.
Genoa, Duke of, 63.

George, Prince of Denmark and King of
Greece, 128.

Germanic Confederation, 1, 10, 11, 16, 17;
and Schleswig-Holstein, 132 et seq., (me-
diation of Powers) 140.