costs for unlawful seizure, 94;
"Eliza," 98 n; "Greyhound,"
98 n.; to preserve, not destroy
the object of a, 146.
Privateers, 21, 51, 93, 100, 110,
121, 142, 144, 145-147, 205,
207, 208; procedure of, with
suspected vessel, 45, 46; right
to send forth, 92; ignorant
notion held of, 95;
66 one of
the greatest scourges of war,"
96; the case for, 97; History
of American, 97; jealousy of,
among naval commanders, 98;
History of Liverpool, 98 n.;
liable to cost and damages,
143; useless, unless property
on seas to capture, 148; their
Commission and Instructions,
220-222, 225-230; Ameri-
can, 231, 232.
Privateering, 128, 129, 133, 134,
135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 148,
190, 198, 200, 203, 204; a
"barbarous" method of mak-
ing war, 96.

Private signal, 15, 16, 17.
Prize, the pursuit of, makes
keen sailors, 53; a privateer's
motive, 96.

Prize Courts, 7, 9, 12, 45, 46, 50,

142, 145, 156, 186, 187.
Prize crew, 45, 144.
Prize money, 41, 43, 46 n., 52,

53, 54, 98, 99, 100, 142.
Property, right of a nation at
war to seize enemy's, never
questioned, 35; private, more
sacred than private life, 35;
capture of, at sea inflicts less
hardship than on land, 37; of
individual citizens can claim

no respect from a national
enemy, 38, 39; if enemy's
private, be exempted from
capture, object of cruising
vanishes, 40; capture of, a
barbarous and brutal method
of making war, 45; capture
of, in neutral vessels, 67;
belligerent, safe in neutral
territory, 75; enemy's, liable
to capture wherever found on
high seas, 78; privateers act
only against, 96; enemy's,
capturable in neutral or belli-
gerent bottom before the De-
claration of Paris, 160.
Protocol No. 23, annex to, 122,
123, 124.

Prussia, King of, 27, 118; pro-

clamation, 24, 25; a memorial
to the Duke of Newcastle, 79.
Prussia, 29, 39, 41, 90, 103, 118,
208.

Puffendorff, Droit des Gens, 78 n.

Quarterly Review, 109 n.
Queen, Her Majesty the, 125 n.,
128, 129; her letter to Lord
John Russell, 126 n.

Railway and road, the ship
holds its own with, 62.
Ram, the, supplanting the gun
in importance, 18, 19.
Rayneval, De, De la Liberté des
Mers, 49 n.

Recueil de documents sur les Ex-
actions, Vols, et Cruautés des
Armées Prussiennes en France,
25 n., 26 n., 27 n.

Reddie, Researches, historical

and critical, in Maritime Inter-
national Law, 80 n.
Règles et Diplomatie de la Mer, 7.
Report of the Select Committee
on Merchant Shipping, 150 n.,
161-163.

Revolution, French, 193.

St. Peterburg Convention, 30.
St. Peterburg, Convention of,
June 1801, 119.

Salisbury, Lord, 219; notifica-
tion by United States am-
bassador to, 201.

Salonica, 109.

was contraband, 12.

Right, of a neutral to trade in

time of peace or war, 87; of
capture, M. Hautefeuille on,81-
88; of Visitation and Search
can by no means be abandoned,
49, 50; of search may be
odious to those who wish to
evade duties of neutrality, 51.
Rights and Duties of Neutrals,
W. E. Hall, 170 n.
Roberts, Lord, 219.
Rodney, 53.

Rome, 107.

Roon, Von, 24, 25.
Rosebery, Lord, 170.
Rotterdam, 110.

Rules of war, there must be, 9;
concerning Blockade, Visit,
Search and Capture, Prize,
Parole and Cartel, 9; concern-
ing use of false colours, and
the affirming gun, 9; no war
at sea ever carried on without,
9; reliance on, during naval
war, 12.

Russell, Lord John, 151 n., 217;
the Queen's letter to, 126 n.
Russia, 29, 39, 41, 62, 88, 90,
91, 103, 104, 111, 118, 119,
120, 129, 134, 138, 159, 169,
170, 207, 208.
Ryder, Admiral, 18.
Ryder, Sir Dudley, 7, 79.

Schlegel, 48 n., 79.
Scotsman, 219.

Scott, Sir William. See Stowell,
Lord.

Sea-power, superior to land-
power, 104; effect of, 115.
Sea, the, regarded with fear, 55;
unites peoples, 55; where it
reaches, human activity most
to be found, 55; an ever-open
road, 56; the cheapest, and,
on the whole, the safest road,
56; Board of Trade tables of
trade carried by, 57; value ef
imports and exports carried by
land and, 58; two-thirds in
value of trade of the world
carried by, 60; the one great
main road for trade, 61; that
nation must be predominant
and powerful whose power is
on the, 65.

Search and capture, 9.
Servia, 109.

Shenandoah Valley, devastation
of, 28.

Sheridan, General, his view of
war, 27.
Shipping belonging to Great
Britain and Ireland, 117.
Slaughter of wounded, permitted

when security of victor de-
mands, 31; great at Omdur-
man, 31.

Sluys, first great naval action be-
tween England and France, 13.
Sorel, Albert, Lectures Histo-
riques, Napoléon et Alexandre,

114.

Spain, 90, 110, 132, 141, 194,
195, 201, 205, 206; American
colonies and France, England
at war with, 90.
Spanish-American War, 16 n.
Speculations, an infinity of, as to
probable methods of modern
naval warfare, 20.
Speeches of William Pitt in the
House of Commons, 211, 212,
214; of the Rt. Hon. Charles
James Fox, 213.
Spinoza, 172.

Stanley, Lord, of Alderley, 48 n.,

71 n.

State, rights of a, 69; a vessel
part of the, to which she be-
longs, a fiction, 74; any, at
war, has the right to capture
enemy's property at sea, 89;
right of, to aid of citizens in
prosecution of war, 92.
State Papers, 95 n., 116n., 120n.,
121 n., 122 n., 128 n.,
133 n.,
134 n., 200 n.
Statistical abstract, Board of

Trade, for principal and other
foreign countries, 61.
Statistics, Marshall's Digest of,
116 n.

Statistics of France, Goldsmith's,

enemy's army," General Sheri-
dan's view, 27.

Supplies, 65, 66; stopping, by
naval supremacy, 40.
Sweden, 88, 90, 104, 118.

Talleyrand, M., letter of Messrs.
Marshall, Pinkney, and Gerry
to, 193.

Tariff, wars of the, 64, 65.
Territory, neutral ship not neu-
tral, 83, 84.
Tilsit, 103.

Times, the, 95 n., 120, 139 n.,
205 n., 208 n.; letter from Prus-
sian correspondent of, 139.
Tonnage, aggregate, of merchant

vessels belonging to United
Kingdom and her colonies, 4.
Tooke, History of Prices, 108 n.
Torpedo boats, 16, 17; assumed
to adopt a course unlike a
vessel of war, 15; fire no af-
firming gun, 15; necessity of
verification by, 15; methods
essentially those of an assassin,
15; mode of attack on, by
battleships, 16; verification by,
absolutely necessary before
fighting, 17.

Trade, approximate, of the world,

60; two-thirds in value carried
by sea, 60; Board of, 57, 61; sea
and land-borne, variation in
proportion of, 61, 62; the sea
the one great main road for,
61; the greatest source of
national wealth, 63; develop-
ment of, 64; a neutral retains
the right in war or peace to,
82; of Great Britain and Ire-
land, 116; of France, 116.

United Service Institution,
lecture at Royal, 23.
United States, 62, 90, 98, 132,

135, 136, 141, 146, 147 n., 148,
154 n., 163, 164, 189, 192, 193,
194, 197, 198, 201, 208; vin-
dicates right of England to
take French property out of
American vessels, 91.
Usage, attempts to alleviate
horrors of war by military,
casual and uncertain, 31.
Usages, military, which allow
some methods of injury and
forbid others, always shifting
and variable, 30; tend always
to condemn the device of me-
chanical ingenuity, 30; for-
bid the use of poison, 30.

Vandal, Albert, Napoléon et
Alexandre I, 111 n., 112 n.,
113 n., 114 n.

Vattel, 7, 147 n., 172; declares
an enemy's effects on board a
neutral ship may be seized
by rights of war, 79.
Venice, 103, 107.
Vienna, 109.

Villamarina, Marquis of, 198.
Vincent, St., victory of, 110.
Violation of neutrality, 85, 87.
Visit, there must be rules con-
cerning, 9.

Visit and Search, the right to,
185-187.

Voetius, De Jure militari, 78 n.
Voltaire, Siècle de Louis XIV.,
47 n.

Wagram, 29, 104.

Waite's State Papers, 193 n.,
194 n.

Waldeck, Prince of, 47 n.
Walewski, Count, French pleni-

potentiary, 121, 125, 128, 134.
War, at sea, effectual methods
of making, 2; aims at mer-
chandise rather than lives of
men, 2; lost notion of, through
long peace, 6; recognized rules
established for, 9; the final
object of, 20, 21; General
Sheridan's view of, 27; the
sharpest and shortest way
with, 28; every merciful mind
must welcome anything to
mitigate its severities, 29; to
be directed at material re-
sources of so-called non-com-
batant, 32; right of a nation
at, to seize enemy's property

never questioned, 35; declara-
tion of, effect on subjects of
enemy's nation, 37; can never
be made on the principle of
respecting private property,
38; seizure and confiscation
at sea the mildest and least
cruel method of, 43; contra-
band of, 71, 72, 73; with
France, Spain, and American
Colonies, England at, 90;
right of State to aid of citizens
in prosecution of, 92; British
method of waging, 101;
British method of, merciful
as effectual, 102.

Ward, Robert, 7, 48 n., 71 n., 79,

80 n., 88 n.

Warfare, speculations as to mo-
dern naval, 20; is effectual in
proportion to material injury
done to enemy, 33; on land
affecting enemy's army only,
leaving territory and property
unaffected, ineffectual, 34; at
sea without capture of pro-
perty ineffectual, 34; capture
of property at sea the one
operation of, subject to calm.
decision, 52.
War indemnity exacted by Ger-
many from France, 28.

War in Disguise, 74 n.
Warlike operations, gold of no
direct use in, 87.

"War risk" premiums of in-

surance, effect of, on British
carrying trade, 159, 160, 176.
Waterloo, 13.

Wealth, trade the greatest source
of, 63.

Weapons, improvement in, has
always increased fighting dis-
tances, 13; belief in missile,
assailed, 18.

Webster, Sir R., Attorney-Gene-
ral, 126.

Wenden, General, his proclama-
tion, 26.
Westphalia, 47 n.

Wheaton, Elements of Interna-
tional Law, 72n., 80 n., 136 n.,
191, 192 n., 193 n., 194n., 196.
Williams, Gomer. See History
of the Liverpool Privateers.
Wilson, H. W., The Downfall of
Spain, 17 n.
Witt, De, 71 n.

Woolsey's Introduction to the
Study of International Law,
192 n., 197 n.

Zippe, 47 n.

Zouch, De Jud. inter Gentes, 78n.