6. Subjunctive Mode, Present Tense of the Four Con Give the present tense of the subjunctive mode of the 1. The verbs which do not conform to the rule indicateȧ above (291-3), for the formation of the present tense of the subjunctive mode, are: aller,* faire,* pouvoir,* savoir,* valoir,* vouloir,* falloir,* and the two auxiliary verbs (291–5). Aller.* Subjunctive Mode, Present Tense of Faire.* Pouvoir.* Savoir.* That I m'ke or do. That I be able,etc. That I know, etc. That I go, etc. Que j'aille, 294. Subjunctive Mode, Past Tense. The past tense of the subjunctive mode is formed of the subjunctive present of the auxiliary verb, and the past participle of the principal verb. Subjunctive Mode, Past Tense of cut myself, etc. Etre aimé, ée, és, ées. been loved, etc. That I have arrived, etc.- etc. . etc. etc. 295. Use of the Subjunctive Mode. 1. The subjunctive mode is used in dependent sentences that are connected with the principal sentence by means of the conjunction que :† (1.) After verbs and phrases that express pleasure, pain, wonder, surprise, will, desire, command, doubt, fear, and after all verbs and phrases after which the action expressed by the dependent verb, may be considered uncertain; (2.) After interrogative and negative sentences; (3.) After impersonal verbs and verbs that are used impersonally. Je suis bien aise que vous I am glad that you are here. soyez ici. Je suis fâché que vous soyez I am sorry that you are sick. malade. Que voulez-vous que je fasse ? Je désire que vous étudiiez le français. What do you wish me to do? I desire you to study French. + When two verbs come together, both having the same subject, the second verb is put in the infinitive (31); as, I rejoice that I did it, Je me réjouis de l'avoir fait. But when each verb has a different subject the dependent sentence is introduced by the conjunction que, with the verb in the subjunctive, if the preceding verb governs the subjunctive. This it generally does when in English an objective noun or pronoun precedes the infinitive or present participle; as, Do you wish me to do that? We doubt your being able to do it, Voulez-vous que je fasse cela? Nous doutons que vous puissiez le faire. Certain verbs admit of two different constructions; they are either followed by que and the subjunctive, or govern the second verb in the infinitive, as their direct object, and the second subject as their indirect object; as, I order you to do that, J'ordonne que vous fassiez cela; or, Je vous ordonne de faire cela. The construction with the subjunctive is more emphatic. Croyez-vous qu'il vienne? Do you believe that he will come? It is time for us to start. 2. The impersonal verbs, il y a, il paraît, il résulte, il est certain, il est vrai, and a few others that express something positive; also il semble, when accompanied by an indirect object, govern the indicative mode when they are used affirmatively, and the subjunctive mode when they are used interrogatively or negatively, or when they are preceded by the conjunction si, if. П me semble qu'il a raison. It seems to me that he is right. Vous semble-t-il qu'il ait raison? Does it seem to you that he is Paraît-il qu'il ait raison ? right? Does it appear that he is right? Il ne me semble pas qu'il ait It does not seem to me that he is raison. Il ne paraît pas qu'il ait raison. right. It does not appear that he is right. 296. Verbs that Require ne before the Dependent Verb in the Subjunctive. 1. The verbs empêcher, to prevent, éviter, to avoid, and prendre garde, to take care, to beware, require ne before the dependent verb in the subjunctive mode. J'empêcherai qu'il ne sorte. Je prendrai garde qu'il ne me voie. I will prevent his going out. I will take care that he does not see me. 2. Verbs that express fear or apprehension, require ne before the dependent verb in the subjunctive mode, when it is feared that the 3. The verbs nier, to deny; disconvenir,* to disown, to deny; désespérer, to despair; douter, to doubt; contester, to contest, require ne before the dependent verb in the subjunctive mode, when they are used negatively or interrogatively; as, Je ne doute pas qu'il ne vienne. I do not doubt but he will come. Doutez-vous qu'il ne vienne? Do you doubt that he will come? 4. The expressions il s'en faut que, il s'en faut beaucoup que, or de beaucoup que, il tient à moi, à toi, à lui,à elle, etc., que, when used negatively or interrogatively, require ne before the following verb in the subjunctive mode. Peu s'en faut always requires ne, whether it is used negatively, interrogatively, or affirmatively. Il ne s'en faut pas beaucoup que It does not want much for me to je ne l'attrape. catch him. Il ne tient pas à moi que vous It is not for me that you don't sucne réussissiez. ceed. Peu s'en faut que je ne le tienne. I come very near holding him. 297. Remarks on the Subjunctive Mode. The subjunctive mode represents the state or action as viewed under the influence of some affection of the mind, which is expressed by the governing verb or phrase. Both sentences, the principal (governing sentence) and the subordinate (subjunctive sentence) are, |