The Doctrine of the Upaniṣads and the Early BuddhismMotilal Banarsidass Publ., 1991 - 226 pages Chapter I of this study, which discusses the older Upanisads, viz., the Brhad Aranyaka Upanisad and the Chandogya Upanisad, describes at the outset how the idea of the Supreme Being, the unique mystic power, was conceived in the words Brahman and Atman and how these two entities merged with each other and became identical. It then discusses the doctrine of metempsychosis as evolved from the relation between the Supreme Being and the world of plurality. In this period, the magician-priest begins to become a philosopher. Chapter II deals with later Upanisads like Kathaka Upanisad, Maitrayana Upanisad and Svetasvatara Upanisad. This period clearly reveals beginnings of the formulation of a system in the form of Samkhya Doctrine and the Yoga. Here the ultimate goal of human yearning, the salvation from suffering, becomes visible. In short, we perceive the development of thought of the Indian Philosophy from an impersonal god (of impersonal powers) to a personal god. But interestingly, a system strongly enforcing the elements of Yoga decisively rejected theism and adhered to the pessimistic thought of Indian mysticism: the Doctrine of Buddhism. This is described in Chapter III. |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
The Doctrine of the Upaniṣads and the Early Buddhism Hermann Oldenberg Affichage du livre entier - 1991 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
Absolute Allg ancient antithesis appears ascetics Atman basic becomes beginning Brahman Brāhmaṇa Brāhmaṇa-texts breath Bṛh Bṛhad Buddha Buddhism Chand characteristic classical Samkhya Comp concept connection course creation creatures death deliverance desire Deussen dialogue discussed doctrine elements emerges emphasised entities Epic essence eternal existence expression fact Gesch goal gods Gunas highest hymns idea imperishable important Indian individual Indra jhāna Karman knower knowledge later magic Mahābhārata Mahāvīras Maitr Maitreyi Māra Māyā meditation mentioned merging metempsychosis mind mystic nature Nirvāņa obviously old Upanisads older one's otherworld passage path period perishableness philosophy plurality Prajapati Prakṛti Purușa question re-death reached reality realm refer Ṛgveda sacred sacrifice Samkhya Samkhya-doctrine Sattva seen simile soul speaks sphere spirit suffering Supreme Tat tvam asi texts things thinkers thinking tion trends of thoughts understood unity Upanisads Veda Vedic verse whole word worship Yājñavalkya Yoga yogin