Euro-orientalism: Liberal Ideology and the Image of Russia in France (c. 1740-1880)

analysed Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu Ancien Régime argued aristocracy became become evident bourgeois bourgeoisie Catherine Catherine II century chapter civil society concept of civilisation cultural Custine debate democracy despotism Diderot discourse Eastern Europe economic egalitarian elements emerged Encyclopédie enlightened Escherny Euro-Orientalism Europe orientale Europe's European example France freedom Guizot idea of civilisation identity ideology image of Russia important individual institutions Interestingly intermediate bodies L'Empire l'Europe lack Leroy-Beaulieu Leroy-Beaulieu 1990 liberal-bourgeois Maistre Mickiewicz middle class Mme de Staël modern Molinari monarch Montesquieu Nakaz narrative nation nineteenth-century nobility organisation Orient Panslavism parallel Russia/USA Paris peasant commune perception of Russia Peter philosophical Physiocrats political politique private property progress radical Rambaud reforms representation of Russia revolution Revue role Rousseau russe Russian commune Russian peasant Saint-Marc Girardin siècle slaves Slavic Slavs socialists Société Staël studies theme third estate tion Tocqueville Tocqueville's tradition tsars vols Voltaire West Western whilst Wolowski