Microscopic Properties and Processes in MineralsKate Wright, Charles Richard Arthur Catlow Springer Science & Business Media, 31 oct. 1999 - 653 pages One of the major developments in Earth Sciences in general, and mineralogy in particular, has been the growth of our understanding of the microscopic behaviour of the complex materials that make up the Earth. This has been made possible by advances in our ability to probe minerals at the atomic level, over a large range of pressure and temperature conditions. New experimental techniques include the use of scanning probe microscopies to investigate mineral surfaces, as well as the use of neutron scattering, nuclear spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation to investigate the bonding and structure of minerals. In addition, there have been major developments in computational methods so that it is now possible to calculate the electronic structure of many rock forming materials. The aim of this volume is to give a coherent survey of the latest developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of microscopic propertie~ and processes in minerals. Chapters in the book cover a number of key themes in the mineral sciences such as the behaviour of minerals at extremes of pressure and temperature, ordering in complex silicates, mechanisms of water incorporation in mantle phases, the importance of reactions occurring at the mineral surface, and the ability of computational methods to provide useful, qualitative information on the bulk and surface properties of minerals. The background to several experimental techniques is covered in some detail with examples of relevance to the issues cited above. |
Table des matières
1 | |
EQUATIONS OF STATE | 19 |
INTRODUCTION TO RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AT EXTREME PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS | 43 |
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MINERALS AT HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES FROM VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPIC D... | 71 |
INTRODUCTION TO THE APPLICATION OF NEUTRON SPECTROSCOPY IN THE EARTH SCIENCES | 93 |
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AND SOLID STATE SCIENCE | 145 |
IN SITU STRUCTURAL AND KINETIC POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF ALUMINOSILICATES | 177 |
MINERAL SYNTHESIS BY FLUXGROWTH METHODS | 189 |
ATOMIC STRUCTURE OF DISORDERED MATERIALS | 371 |
PRINCIPLES OF SOLID STATE NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND APPLICATIONS TO DETERMINING LOCAL ORDER IN MINERALS | 389 |
INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF DISPLACIVE PHASE TRANSITIONS | 427 |
ORDERING PHASE TRANSITIONS AND SOLID SOLUTIONS | 451 |
PHASE TRANSITIONS AND EQUATIONS OF STATE | 477 |
IR SPECTROSCOPY AND HYDROGEN BONDING IN MINERALS | 493 |
WATER IN NOMINALLY ANHYDROUS MINERALS | 509 |
CONTRIBUTION OF IR SPECTROSCOPY TO THE PROBLEM OF WATER IN THE EARTHS MANTLE | 523 |
BONDING AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF MINERALS | 201 |
CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF METAL SULFTDE MINERALS | 265 |
INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF LATTICE DYNAMICS | 281 |
DISORDER AND DEFECTS IN SOLIDS | 299 |
THE MODELLING OF BULK DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS | 323 |
CLASSICAL COMPUTER SIMULATIONS | 337 |
ABINITIO LCAO PERIODIC SIMULATIONS OF CRYSTAL PROPERTIES | 351 |
SOLUBILITY AND DIFFUSION OF WATER IN SILICATE MINERALS | 539 |
THE THEORY AND SIMULATION OF THE MELTING OF MINERALS | 561 |
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF SILICATE GLASSES | 577 |
PRINCIPLES APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES | 595 |
ATOMISTIC SIMULATION OF MINERAL SURFACES AND INTERFACES | 629 |
Autres éditions - Tout afficher
Microscopic Properties and Processes in Minerals Kate Wright,Richard Catlow Aucun aperçu disponible - 1999 |
Expressions et termes fréquents
absorption Al,Si alkali atoms behaviour bulk modulus calculations cations Catlow charge Chem chemical cm¹ concentration configuration coordination cordierite correlation crystal structure crystalline density determined diffusion disorder displacive phase transitions distribution effect elastic electronic structure entropy equation EXAFS example experimental data experiments Figure flux forsterite free energy frequency function growth high pressure high temperature hydrogen bonds increasing interactions ionic ions lattice dynamics magnetic mantle materials measurements melting metal methods mineralogy modes molecular dynamics molecules neutron diffraction neutron scattering NMR spectroscopy nucleation obtained olivine order parameter oxides oxygen peaks perovskite phase transitions phonon Phys Physics point defects potential powder diffraction pressure and temperature properties quartz Raman Raman spectroscopy sample silicates simulations solid spectra spectroscopy spectrum spin stishovite surface symmetry synchrotron techniques tetrahedral theory thermal thermodynamic unit cell vacancies values vibrational volume wave vector Wavenumber X-ray zeolite