Alfonso XIII, on the other, desiring to draw daily closer the relations of cordial friendship and good feeling which fortunately exist between the two nations, and to remove for the future all motives of discord and disagreement, have agreed to give a wider extension to the Treaty of Peace and Friendship signed in Paris on the 30th January, 1881,* modifying moreover Article IV of the same; and for this purpose have nominated as Plenipotentiaries:

His Excellency the Vice-President, his Minister for Foreign Affairs, Marco Fidel Suarez; and

Her Majesty the Queen Regent of Spain, Don Bernardo J. de Cologan, her Minister Resident in Colombia;

Who, after having communicated to one another their respective full powers and found them in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles :

ART. I. Every controversy or difference which may arise between Colombia and Spain regarding the interpretation of the existing Treaties, and any others which may hereafter be entered into, shall be decided by an Arbitrator whose decision shall be final, and who shall be proposed and accepted by common agreement. The differences which may arise upon points unforeseen in the said Treaties or Agreements shall likewise be submitted to arbitration; but if there is not an agreement regarding the adoption of this proceeding, because the questions affect the sovereignty of the nation or are otherwise incompatible with arbitration, both Governments will be bound in every case to accept the mediation or good offices of a friendly Government for the amicable solution of all differences. When any difference between Colombia and Spain is submitted to the judgment of an Arbitrator, the High Contracting Parties shall establish, in common accord, the mode of procedure, terms and formalties which the Judge and the Parties must observe, in the course and termination of the judgment by arbitration.

II. The national status of Colombians and Spaniards shall be determined in each of the respective countries, and for legal effects in the same, by its own legislation, unless both Governments hereafter conclude special agreements upon the subjects of nationality and naturalization, with a reciprocal character.

The same rule will be observed regarding moral or judicial persons (corporate bodies), whether they be mercantile associations or others recognized by law in either one of the countries and domiciled or established in the same. The national character of corporate bodies is independent of the private nationality of their members.

III. In case a Spaniard in Colombia or a Colombian in Spain

* Vol. LXXII, page 1216.

should take part in any internal question or in the civil struggles of either of the two countries, he shall be treated, judged, and, if there be sufficient evidence, condemned by the same procedure, formalities or Tribunals as natives in similar circumstances.

IV. The two Governments cannot reciprocally exact responsibility for damages, vexations or exactions which the natives of either of the two States may suffer within the territory of the other on the part of insurgents, in time of insurrection or civil war or through sedition or riots, or on the part of savage tribes or hordes beyond the control of the Government, excepting it be through the fault or want of vigilance of the authorities of the country, so declared by the Tribunals of the same country. The Spanish and Colombian Governments shall not, therefore, be held reciprocally responsible except for their own acts or the acts performed by their Agents in the exercise of their functions. It is understood, nevertheless, that both Colombians and Spaniards are entitled to the equitable compensation or most favourable remuneration the respective Governments may concede to their own subjects or to aliens in said circumstances.

V. If a Spaniard in Colombia or a Colombian in Spain should take part in sedition, rebellion or civil war, if he should usurp political rights, or fill any such office, employment or function as carries with it a political authority or jurisdiction, he will lose the right to all exemptions and privileges of alienage which Treaties or international law may confer upon him, and be placed on the same footing as the natives in all that concerns the responsibility for his acts.

VI. Spaniards in Colombia and Colombians in Spain shall enjoy the same civil rights as citizens or subjects of the country, and the penal laws enacted for police purposes or for the public safety will be binding upon them. In either case, their goods, rights, penal responsibilities and civil actions will be protected, recognized or qualified by the same competent judicial and administrative authorities who protect, recognize or qualify those of the natives. The sentences, decrecs or legal resolutions delivered at the petition, complaint or demand of aliens, and which have acquired definitive shape, in harmony with the instances and formalities which the local legislation requires, will take effect and be carried out in the same manner as in respect to natives of either country. Spaniards in Colombia and Colombians in Spain shall have no right to diplomatic intervention except in the case of a manifest denial of justice, or refusal or negligence in the administration of justice.

VII. The High Contracting Parties reserve to themselves the right to refuse admission to and to expel from their territories, in accordance with their respective laws, such individuals as by their

evil life or conduct may be considered pernicious. The means adopted for the expulsion decided upon by one Government shall be communicated to the accredited Representative of the other.

VIII. The two High Contracting Parties guarantee to one another reciprocally most-favoured-nation treatment in all that concerns the establishment of their respective subjects in either of the two countries, as also in the matter of navigation and transit.

IX. The most-favoured-nation clause is not to apply to the special concessions or favours granted to frontier countries.

X. Certificates of studies and University or professional diplomas granted in either of the two countries in favour of Colombians or Spaniards will be reciprocally recognized as valid in the other, as soon as their authenticity and the identity of the holder is proved.

The authenticity shall be established by legalization in the usual way, and the identity of the holder shall be proved by a certificate. issued by the respective Legations, and failing that, by some Consular authority resident in the country in which the diploma was conferred, and subject equally to the usual legalization.

These requirements having been fulfilled, and without prejudice to the reciprocal communications by both Governments of the syllabus of studies or of an understanding concerning any other administrative details between them, the studies in the Colleges, Universities or special schools of either country may be assimilated, and the professions to which their diplomas relate may be exercised, it being understood that the persons in question are to submit to all the regulations, taxes and duties applicable to natives.

XI. This Treaty shall be ratified in accordance with the laws of the respective Governments, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Bogotá as soon as possible. It will remain in force until one year after the day on which one of the High Contracting Parties denounce it in whole or in part.

In virtue of which the Undersigned have signed two copies in Bogotá on the 28th April, 1894.

(L.S.) MARCO FIDEL SUÁREZ.

(L.S.) BERNARDO J. DE COLOGAN.

CONVENTION between Germany and Russia, respecting the Repatriation of their respective Subjects.-Signed at Berlin, 1894.*

January 20

February 10

LE Gouvernement Impérial de Russie et le Gouvernement Impérial Allemand, animés du désir de régler la question du rapatriement des ressortissants d'un des deux pays qui se trouvent dans le territoire de l'autre, sont convenus de ce qui suit :

ART. I. Chacune des deux Parties Contractantes s'engage à recevoir ceux de ses anciens ressortissants qui, après avoir perdu leur nationalité, soit par un séjour à l'étranger, soit par un acte d'expatriation, soit par une autre raison quelconque, n'en ont pas acquis une autre.

Il est cependant entendu que la réception ne sera pas accordée pour des individus n'ayant jamais possédé la nationalité perdue par leurs parents.

II. Les individus devant être rapatriés seront reçus à la suite d'une correspondance directe entre les autorités frontières Russes et Allemandes.

Le renvoi d'un individu sera annoncé préalablement à l'autorité frontière dans le district de laquelle la réception doit avoir lieu, et celle-ci, d'après le résultat d'un examen des circonstances et des papiers de légitimation, donnera son consentement à la réception de cet individu à un endroit indiqué.

III. Une correspondance préalable ne sera pas nécessaire si l'individu à rapatrier est muni de papiers valables ou expirés seulement depuis une année, ou qu'il n'y ait aucun doute qu'il ne possède la nationalité ou qu'il ne l'ait possédée auparavant.

Dans tous ces cas les autorités frontières seront tenues de le recevoir sans autre formalité.

IV. La correspondance par voie diplomatique aura lieu dans le cas où les autorités frontières ne parviendront pas à un accord sur le rapatriement, ainsi que dans les cas où la décision des autorités frontières sera désapprouvée par les autorités supérieures du pays d'origine.

V. Les localités où la réception des individus à rapatrier s'effectuera exclusivement seront fixées par les Parties Contractantes.

VI. Chacune des Parties Contractantes désignera à l'autre les autorités frontières chargées des négociations sur le rapatriement.

VII. Les deux Gouvernements s'engagent à aviser leurs autorités frontières de donner une solution aussi prompte que possible à toutes les demandes de rapatriement qui leur seront adressées.

Signed also in the Russian language.

VIII. Cet arrangement restera en vigueur aussi longtemps qu'il n'est pas dénoncé d'une part ou d'autre.

En ce cas il restera valable encore pendant trois mois à partir du jour où la dénonciation par une des Parties aura été communiquée à l'autre.

IX. La présente Convention sera exécutoire à dater du 20e jour après sa promulgation dans les formes prescrites par les lois des deux Empires.

Berlin, le 29 Janvier, 1894.

10 Février

(L.S.) COMTE PAUL SCHOUVALOFF. (L.S.) BARON DE MARSCHALL.

TREATY of Commerce and Customs between Germany and Servia.-Signed at Vienna, August 1, 1892.

[Ratifications exchanged at Berlin, December 30, 1893.]

SEINE Majestät der deutsche Kaiser, König von Preussen, im Namen des deutschen Reichs, und die Regentschaft des Königreichs Serbien im Namen Seiner Majestät des Königs von Serbien, von dem gleichen Wuusche beseelt, die zwischen den beiderseitigen Gebieten bestehenden Handelsbeziehungen zu erleichtern und auszudehnen, haben beschlossen, zu diesem Zweck einen neuen Vertrag abzuschliessen, und haben zu ihren Bevollmächtigten

ernannt:

Seine Majestät der deutsche Kaiser, König von Preussen, Allerhöchstihren Generaladjutanten und General der Kavallerie, Seine Durchlaucht den Prinzen Heinrich VII, Reuss, ausserordentlichen und bevollmächtigten Botschafter bei Seiner Majestät dem Kaiser von Oesterreich, König von Böhmen, &c., und apostolischen König von Ungarn ;

Die Regentschaft des Königreichs Serbien, G. S. Simics, ausserordentlichen Gesandten und bevollmächtigten Minister Serbiens bei Seiner Majestät dem Kaiser von Oesterreich, König von Böhmen, &c., und apostolischen König von Ungarn;

Welche, nach gegenseitiger Mittheilung ihrer in guter und gehöriger Form befundenen Vollmachten, den nachstehenden Handels- und Zollvertrag vereinbart und abgeschlossen haben :

ART. 1. Zwischen den Gebieten der beiden vertragschliessenden Theile soll volle Freihett des Handels und der Schifffahrt bestehen. Die Angehörigen eines jeden der vertragschliessenden Theile sollen in dem Gebiete des anderen dieselben Rechte, Begünsti gungen und Befreiungen in Ansehung des Handels und Verkehrs, [1893-94. LXXXVI.]

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